Comparison of intravitreal anti-VEGF agents and oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in the treatment of cystoid macular edema secondary to retinitis pigmentosa.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents with oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) in treating cystoid macular edema (CME) secondary to retinitis pigmentosa (RP).

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 98 patients (98 eyes) with RP-CME: 47 (48.0%) received intravitreal anti-VEGF agents (Ranibizumab or Bevacizumab) and 51 (52.

Correction to: Triamcinolone Acetonide Protects Against Light-Induced Retinal Degeneration by Activating Anti-Inflammatory STAT6/Arg1 Signaling in Microglia.

Microglia are highly specialized resident macrophages in the central nervous system that play a pivotal role in modulating neuroinflammation. Microglial plasticity is essential for their function, allowing them to polarize into proinflammatory M1-like or anti-inflammatory M2-like phenotypes. However, the mechanisms driving M1 and M2 microglial induction during retinal degeneration remain largely unexplored.

Development and research status of intelligent ophthalmology in China.

This paper analyzes the current status, technological developments, academic exchange platforms, and future challenges and solutions in the field of intelligent ophthalmology (IO) in China. In terms of technology, significant progress has been made in various areas, including diabetic retinopathy, fundus image analysis, quality assessment of medical artificial intelligence products, clinical research methods, technical evaluation, and industry standards. Researchers continually enhance the safety and standardization of IO technology by formulating a series of clinical application guidelines and standards.

Artificial intelligence applications in ophthalmic optical coherence tomography: a 12-year bibliometric analysis.

Aim: To explore the current application and research frontiers of global ophthalmic optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging artificial intelligence (AI) research.

Methods: The citation data were downloaded from the Web of Science Core Collection database (WoSCC) to evaluate the articles in application of AI in ophthalmic OCT published from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2023. This information was analyzed using CiteSpace 6.

Form-deprivation myopia promotes sclera M2-type macrophages polarization in mice.

Purpose: To explore the phenotype of sclera macrophages in form-deprivation (FD) myopia mice and the effects of M2 macrophage in FD myopia development.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were under 2 weeks of unilateral FD treatment. and they were separated into two groups, including an intraperitoneally injected(IP) vehicle group and Panobinostat (LBH589) (10 mg/kg per body weight) treatment group.

Diabetic retinopathy identification based on multi-source-free domain adaptation.

Aim: To address the challenges of data labeling difficulties, data privacy, and necessary large amount of labeled data for deep learning methods in diabetic retinopathy (DR) identification, the aim of this study is to develop a source-free domain adaptation (SFDA) method for efficient and effective DR identification from unlabeled data.

Methods: A multi-SFDA method was proposed for DR identification. This method integrates multiple source models, which are trained from the same source domain, to generate synthetic pseudo labels for the unlabeled target domain.

Unveiling the Evolution of Virtual Reality in Medicine: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Hotspots and Trends over the Past 12 Years.

Background: Virtual reality (VR), widely used in the medical field, may affect future medical training and treatment. Therefore, this study examined VR's potential uses and research directions in medicine.

Methods: Citation data were downloaded from the Web of Science Core Collection database (WoSCC) to evaluate VR in medicine in articles published between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2023.

Bifunctional black phosphorus quantum dots platform: Delivery and remarkable immunotherapy enhancement of STING agonist.

Cancer immunotherapy has been developed to improve therapeutic effects for patients by activating the innate immune stimulator of interferon gene (STING) pathway. However, most patients cannot benefit from this therapy, mainly due to the problems of excessively low immune responses and lack of tumor specificity. Herein, we report a solution to these two problems by developing a bifunctional platform of black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) for STING agonists.

Protocol for performing deep learning-based fundus fluorescein angiography image analysis with classification and segmentation tasks.

Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) examinations are widely used in the evaluation of fundus disease conditions to facilitate further treatment suggestions. Here, we present a protocol for performing deep learning-based FFA image analytics with classification and segmentation tasks. We describe steps for data preparation, model implementation, statistical analysis, and heatmap visualization.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists rescued diabetic vascular endothelial damage through suppression of aberrant STING signaling.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) protect against diabetic cardiovascular diseases and nephropathy. However, their activity in diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains unclear. Our retrospective cohort study involving 1626 T2DM patients revealed superior efficacy of GLP-1 RAs in controlling DR compared to other glucose-lowering medications, suggesting their advantage in DR treatment.

Bibliometric analysis of hotspots and trends of global myopia research.

Aim: To gain insights into the global research hotspots and trends of myopia.

Methods: Articles were downloaded from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2022 from the Science Core Database website and were mainly statistically analyzed by bibliometrics software.

Results: A total of 444 institutions in 87 countries published 4124 articles.

UWAFA-GAN: Ultra-Wide-Angle Fluorescein Angiography Transformation via Multi-Scale Generation and Registration Enhancement.

Fundus photography, in combination with the ultra-wide-angle fundus (UWF) techniques, becomes an indispensable diagnostic tool in clinical settings by offering a more comprehensive view of the retina. Nonetheless, UWF fluorescein angiography (UWF-FA) necessitates the administration of a fluorescent dye via injection into the patient's hand or elbow unlike UWF scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (UWF-SLO). To mitigate potential adverse effects associated with injections, researchers have proposed the development of cross-modality medical image generation algorithms capable of converting UWF-SLO images into their UWF-FA counterparts.

Long-term follow-up of the cognitive function in children after intravitreal ranibizumab for retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term cognitive function in children treated with intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) for retinopathy of prematurity(ROP), and the impact of IVR on the growth and ocular development.

Methods: In this retrospective study, the premature children aged 4 to 9 years who received monotherapy of IVR (IVR group, n = 25) or monotherapy of laser photocoagulation (LP) (LP group, n = 33) for ROP, and the same age premature children with no ROP (Control group, n = 26) were enrolled from 2020 to 2022 in the pediatric fundus clinic of Shenzhen Eye Hospital. Main outcome measures were full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) and index score using the Chinese version of the Wechsler intelligence scale for children-fourth edition (WISC-IV) and Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence-fourth edition (WPPSI-IV).

Morphologic and Functional Assessment of Photoreceptors in Laser-Induced Retinopathy Using Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy and Microperimetry.

Purpose: To assess the cone photoreceptors' morphology and associated retinal sensitivity in laser-induced retinopathy (LIR) using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO-SLO) and microperimetry (MP).

Design: Cohort study.

Methods: This study included 13 patients (15 eyes) with LIR and 38 age-matched healthy volunteers (38 eyes).

An anti-GD2 aptamer-based bifunctional spherical nucleic acid nanoplatform for synergistic therapy targeting MDM2 for retinoblastoma.

Retinoblastoma (RB) is a type of pediatric solid tumor in the fundus. The lack of precision therapies combined with the difficulty of delivering small interfering RNA (siRNA) into the eyes means that there is currently no nucleic acid-based therapy for RB in clinical practice. Here, we reported on anti-GD2 and glutathione-responsive spherical nucleic acids (SNAs), loaded with siRNA and the inhibitor NVP-CGM097, which jointly blocked the oncogenic factor n in RB cells (Y79 and WERI-RB-1).

Development of a nomogram for predicting myopia risk among school-age children: a case-control study.

Objectives: To analyze the factors influencing myopia and construct a nomogram to forecast the risk of myopia among school-age children, providing a reference for identifying high-risk groups to aid prevention and control.

Methods: This case-control study enrolled 3512 students from three primary schools in Shenzhen using random cluster sampling for a questionnaire survey, myopia screening and ocular biometric parameter measurement. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of myopia, and a nomogram was constructed to forecast myopia risk.

A new segmentation algorithm for peripapillary atrophy and optic disk from ultra-widefield Photographs.

Background And Objective: The prevalence of myopia and high myopia is increasing globally, underscoring the growing importance of diagnosing high myopia-related pathologies. While existing image segmentation models, such as U-Net, UNet++, ResU-Net, and TransUNet, have achieved significant success in medical image segmentation, they still face challenges when dealing with ultra-widefield (UWF) fundus images. This study introduces a novel automatic segmentation algorithm for the optic disc and peripapillary atrophy (PPA) based on UWF fundus images, aimed at assisting ophthalmologists in more accurately diagnosing high myopia-related diseases.

Slit2 suppresses endotoxin-induced uveitis by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/IKK/NF-κB pathway.

Uveitis is a devastating intraocular inflammatory disease. The secreted leucine-rich repeat protein slit homologue 2 (Slit2) has been found to be an essential regulator of inflammation. This study aimed to analyse the anti-inflammatory effects and the underlying mechanisms of Slit2 in an endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) rat model.

Exposure to mixtures of PM components and term premature rupture of membranes: a case-crossover study in Shijiazhuang, China.

This study aims to explore the acute effects of short-term exposure to PM components and their mixture on PROM. Counts of hospital admissions due to PROM were collected at the Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang. The associations between the PROM and PM components was examined using a time-stratified case-crossover approach.