Risk Factors of Chylothorax After Congenital Heart Surgery in Infants: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study.

Background: Studies of chylothorax after congenital heart disease in infants are rare. Chylothorax has a higher incidence in infancy, but its risk factors are not well understood.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the risk factors of chylothorax after congenital heart surgery in infants.

The implications of an integrated management model of prenatal diagnosis/postnatal treatment for premature infants with critical congenital heart disease-a case-control study.

Background: The high death rate and medical costs of critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) in preterm infants has resulted in significant burdens on both countries and individuals. It is unclear how this affects the mortality of the integrated management model of prenatal diagnosis/postnatal treatment. This study explored the effects of the delivery classification scale for fetal heart and postnatal infants' CCHD on prenatal and postnatal integrated treatment strategies to improve the effectiveness of disease management in CCHD.

Phelan-McDermid Syndrome in Pediatric Patients With Novel Mutations: Genetic and Phenotypic Analyses.

Background: PhelanrMcDermid syndrome (PMS) is an uncommon autosomal dominant inherited developmental disorder. The main characteristics are hypotonia, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, autism-like behaviors and tiny facial deformities. Most cases are caused by the deletion of the 22q13 genomic region, including the deletion of .

Preparation and evaluation of a silk fibroin-polycaprolactone biodegradable biomimetic tracheal scaffold.

In tracheal tissue engineering, the construction of tracheal scaffolds with adequate biodegradable mechanical capacity and biological functions that mimic the structure of a natural trachea is challenging. To explore the feasibility of preparing biomimetic degradable scaffolds with C-type cartilage rings and an inner tracheal wall of polycaprolactone and silk fibroin. A mold was made according to the diameter of a rabbit trachea, and a silk fibroin tube and polycaprolactone ring attached to the tube were obtained by solution casting.

The clinical value of ultrasonic cardiac output monitor in very-low birth-weight and extremely-low-birth-weight infants undergoing PDA ligation.

Background: Cardiorespiratory instability occurs very often in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) and extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants undergoing patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation during the early postoperative period. This study aimed to investigate ultrasonic cardiac output monitor (USCOM) as a bedside tool by evaluating the hemodynamic changes in preterm infants following PDA ligation and assessing factors that may influence these changes.

Methods: This was a single-center prospective observational study at a third-level neonatal intensive care unit.

The Application of a Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Membrane in the Vascularization of a Decellularized Tracheal Scaffold.

Airway stenosis is a common problem in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). A tissue-engineered trachea is a new therapeutic method and a research hotspot. Successful vascularization is the key to the application of a tissue-engineered trachea.

Measurement of inotropy and systemic oxygen delivery in term, low- and very-low-birth-weight neonates using the Ultrasonic Cardiac Output Monitor (USCOM).

Background The aim of this study was to assess the normal values of the Smith-Madigan inotropy index (SMII) and oxygen delivery index (DO2I) in low-birth-weight (LBW) and very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) newborns on the first 3 days of life, and to identify how different degrees of maturity influence cardiovascular alterations during the transitional period compared with term neonates. Methods Twenty-eight VLBW newborns, 46 LBW newborns and 50 normal full-term newborns admitted to our department were studied. Hemodynamics of the left heart were measured in all neonates over the first 3 days using the Ultrasonic Cardiac Output Monitor (USCOM).

Comparison of decision-making in neonatal care between China and Japan.

Background: Various differences between China and Japan in approaches to medical treatment have been noted, but a few studies have examined differences in medical decision-making, especially in neonatal care. The aim of this study was to clarify these differences by means of a questionnaire.

Methods: The subjects were physicians on the staff of NICUs in China and Japan.

Deep Illumina sequencing reveals differential expression of long non-coding RNAs in hyperoxia induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia in a rat model.

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants is a predominantly secondary occurrence to intrauterine inflammation/infection and postpartum mechanical ventilation; The purpose of this study is to explore the biological roles of lincRNA in the pathogenesis of BPD.

Methods: Newborn rats were randomly assigned to hyperoxia (85% O) or the control group: the normoxia group (21% O). Lung tissues were collected on days 1-14.

Necrotizing enterocolitis in low birth weight infants in China: Mortality risk factors expressed by birth weight categories.

Background: We retrospectively investigated incidence, morbidity, and mortality of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis in China, with special emphasis on determining the predictors of necrotizing enterocolitis associated mortality.

Methods: We identified neonates as having necrotizing enterocolitis if they met the accepted diagnostic criterion. Data pertaining to antenatal period, labor and birth, and the postnatal course of illness were collected.

[Clinical study of neonatal cardiac output measurement methods].

Objective: To assess agreement between the ultrasonic cardiac output monitor (USCOM) and conventional echocardiography (ECHO) in the measurement of cardiac output in newborn infants, investigate the accuracy and clinical utility of the USCOM in healthy neonates. To explore a more convenient, faster, more accurate hemodynamic monitoring method, for improving the outcome of the critically ill neonates.

Method: From October 1(st), 2011 to March 31(st), 2012, a total of 49 infants were included, 20 were term infants, 29 were preterm infants.

Measurement of systemic oxygen delivery and inotropy in healthy term neonates with the Ultrasonic Cardiac Output Monitor (USCOM).

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the normal values for Smith-Madigan inotropy (SMI), Smith-Madigan inotropy index (SMII), oxygen delivery (DO2) and oxygen delivery index DO2I in healthy term neonates on the first day of life and during circulatory adaptation over the first three days of life.

Methods: Hemodynamics of the left heart were measured non-invasively in 71 normal full-term neonates over the first three days using the Ultrasonic Cardiac Output Monitor (USCOM). This was combined with hemoglobin concentration from umbilical cord blood and pulse oximetry to calculate DO2 and DO2I.

[Effects of different arterial oxygen partial pressures on serum protein S100β and neuron specific enolase during cardiopulmonary bypass in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease].

Objective: A prospective study was conducted to probe into the relationship between arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) and brain injury during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD).

Method: Enrolled in the study were 45 cyanotic infants, who were less than three years old and underwent corrective cardiac surgery from August 1(st), 2010 to January 31(st), 2011 at Guangdong General Hospital. All the infants had a pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) lower than 85% and were randomly allocated into three groups by a specific computer program.

Diffusion-weighted imaging in the diagnosis of enterovirus 71 encephalitis.

Background: In the early phase of viral encephalitis, conventional MRI may appear normal. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a sensitive tool for detecting early changes in cellular function in the central nervous system.

Purpose: To investigate the usefulness of DWI in the diagnosis of enterovirus 71 (EV71) encephalitis, and to determine whether DWI is superior to conventional MR sequences.

Accuracy of the ultrasonic cardiac output monitor in healthy term neonates during postnatal circulatory adaptation.

Background: Echocardiography is regarded as a gold standard for measuring hemodynamic values. The ultrasonic cardiac output monitor (USCOM) is a new method for measuring hemodynamics and could provide non-invasive point of care guidance. So far, there are no published USCOM reference values for neonates, nor has USCOM's accuracy been established in this population.

[Airway obstruction caused by large blood vessel anomalies: assessment by flexible bronchoscopy].

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value and safety of flexible bronchoscopy in congenital great vessel diseases complicated with airway compression.

Method: The medical records of patients with great vessels abnormalities who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from October 2005 to June 2009 were retrospectively reviewed; 34 cases were diagnosed as airway compression by flexible bronchoscopy, 10 cases as vascular ring, 24 cases as aortal arch obstruction. The age of the patients was 6 d - 11 m, body weight 2.