[Correlation of gut microbiota and ischemic stroke: a review].

With the widespread application of next-generation sequencing(NGS), especially 16 S rRNA and shotgun sequencing, researchers are no longer troubled with massive data on the gut microbiota, and the correlation between the gut microbiota and the brain(central nervous system) has been gradually revealed. Research on the microbiota-gut-brain axis(MGBA) based on the gut microbiota have provided insights into the exploration of the pathogenesis and risk factors of ischemic stroke(IS), a cerebrovascular disease with high disability and mortality rates, and also facilitate the selection of therapeutic targets of this class of drugs. This study reviewed the application of NGS in the study of gut microbiota and the research progress of MGBA in recent years and systematically collated the research papers on the correlation between IS and gut microbiota.

Xylomexicanins K-N: limonoids from the leaves and twigs of .

Six new compounds, xylomexicanins K-N (-), granasteroid () and 5-methoxy-2-pentylbenzofuran-7-ol (), along with nine known compounds were isolated from the leaves and twigs of . Among them, was a biogenetic precursor of 1,8,9-phragmalin limonoid, and represent the first example of degraded A-ring limonoid. The structures of them were elucidated on the basis of one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic data (including H, C-NMR, DEPT, H-H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY) and confirmed by high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Application of a mechanically responsive, inflammatory macrophage-targeted dual-sensitive hydrogel drug carrier for atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerotic lesions create obvious vascular stenosis due to the presence of plaque, and a large number of inflammatory macrophages are enriched in the thrombus. In this study, we develop a composite hydrogel drug delivery system that is capable of both mechanically-sensitive drug release and of targeting inflammatory macrophages at the thrombus. The hydrogel is a high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA) modified with glycidyl methacrylate as a hydrogel precursor; a cross-linkable block copolymer (CBC) is used as the drug coating material and a microscopic cross-linking agent.

Expression of AQP2, AQP4 and AQP 8 in mouse intestine induced by unprocessed and processed Euphorbia lathyris.

The present research was designed to study expression of AQP2, AQP4 and AQP8 in mouse intestines induced by unprocessed and processed Euphorbia lathyris. KM mice were given by different dose lavage of unprocessed and processed Euphorbia lathyris, Euphorbia factor L1, Euphorbia factor L2, Euphorbia factor L3. Samples of mouse intestine were collected for protein levels of AQP2, AQP 4 and AQP 8 which were assessed by immunohistochemical staining and mRNA expression of AQP2, AQP 4 and AQP 8 which were quantified by Real Time-PCR.

[Research and application of quercetin-loaded nano drug delivery system].

Quercetin has a variety of biological activities and pharmacological effects, but its clinical application is limited due to its low water solubility, low bioavailability and poor chemical stability. In order to overcome the above shortcomings of quercetin and achieve better clinical efficacy, many new drug delivery systems have been studied and developed in recent years, of which nano drug delivery system has become a research hotspot. Nano drug delivery system includes nanoparticles, nanocapsules, nanoliposomes, nanomicelles, nanosuspensions and nanoemulsions, with the advantages of reducing particle size, enlarging surface area, increasing drug permeability, improving intracorporeal circulation and distribution of the drug, enhancing drug targeting and so on.

In Silico Prediction of Drug-Induced Liver Injury Based on Adverse Drug Reaction Reports.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major cause of drug attrition. Currently existing Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship models have limited predictive capabilities for DILI. Furthermore, their practical applications were limited by lack of new hepatotoxicity data.

Rapid Analysis of Components in Franch by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.

Background: Franch is a traditional Chinese medical herb.

Objective: In this article, ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to rapidly, qualitatively, and comprehensively identify the components in Franch.

Materials And Methods: Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Agilent Zorbax RRHD Eclipse Plus C column.

Synergism and rules of the new combination drug Yiqijiedu formulae (YQJD) on ischemic stroke based on amino acids (AAs) metabolism.

The use of combination drugs is considered to be a promising strategy to control complex diseases such as ischemic stroke. The detection of metabolites has been used as a versatile tool to reveal the potential mechanism of diverse diseases. In this study, the levels of 12 endogenous AAs were simultaneously determined quantitatively in the MCAO rat brain using RRLC-QQQ method.

[Determination of endogenous amino acids in brain tissues after cerebral ischemia by RRLC-QQQ].

Objective: To establish a method to determine underivatized endogenous amino acids in brain tissues after cerebral ischemia based on RRLC-QQQ.

Method: Diamonsil chromatographic column C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) was adopted to determine 12 amino acids in 15 min, with acetonitrile-0.

[Advance of studies on metabolic fingerprinting analytical techniques and data processing methods].

Metabolomics is an emerging discipline subsequent to genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics, aiming for systematically studying the regularity of changes in metabolite to revealing organism's nature of movement and metabolism. It is especially important in modern pharmacological studies. Metabolic fingerprinting analysis is a method for metabolic analysis on high throughput of all metabolites, studying changes in drugs, organisms and endogenic metabolites caused by drugs and finding out related biomarkers to reflect dynamic changes inside organisms more directly and explain the mechanism of drugs and their effects on diseases.

[Construction of suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) library of copepod Pseudodiaptomous annandalei and its ferritin cDNA cloning and differential expression under nickel stress].

To study the molecular response mechanisms of copepod to nickel stress, a suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) cDNA library of Pseudodiaptomous annandalei under nickel stress was constructed by using SSH technique, and a total of 140 clones were randomly picked from the growing colonies and identified by PCR. The recombinant rate of the library was 98.6%, and the volume of the library was 1.

Differential gene expression profile of the calanoid copepod, Pseudodiaptomus annandalei, in response to nickel exposure.

To better understand the underlying mechanisms of reactions of copepods exposed to elevated level of nickel, the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to elucidate the response of the copepod Pseudodiaptomus annandalei to nickel exposure at the gene level. P. annandale is one of a few copepod species that can be cultured relatively easy under laboratory condition, and it is considered to be a potential model species for toxicity study.

Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 October 2009-30 November 2009.

This article documents the addition of 411 microsatellite marker loci and 15 pairs of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) sequencing primers to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Acanthopagrus schlegeli, Anopheles lesteri, Aspergillus clavatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus terreus, Branchiostoma japonicum, Branchiostoma belcheri, Colias behrii, Coryphopterus personatus, Cynogolssus semilaevis, Cynoglossus semilaevis, Dendrobium officinale, Dendrobium officinale, Dysoxylum malabaricum, Metrioptera roeselii, Myrmeciza exsul, Ochotona thibetana, Neosartorya fischeri, Nothofagus pumilio, Onychodactylus fischeri, Phoenicopterus roseus, Salvia officinalis L., Scylla paramamosain, Silene latifo, Sula sula, and Vulpes vulpes.

[Effect of chitosan gene nanoparticles on L02 cells].

Objective: To investigate the effect of the gene nanoparticles using chitosan (CNP), arginine modified chitosan (ANP), or hexadecylated chitosan (HNP) as carriers on the human normal liver cell line L02.

Methods: CNPs, ANPs, and HNPs were prepared using complex coacervation method. The size and zeta potential of the gene nanoparticles were measured using Zetasizer nanoZS.

[High throughput screening for glutathione S-transferase inhibitors].

To identify the inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GST), a high-throughput screening method was established in a 384-well microplate with total 35 microL volume, and the absorbance at 340 nm is detected. The concentrations of substrates, CDNB and GST were determined by chromatometry. The optimal enzyme kinetics reaction time and temperature are 2 h and 30 degrees C , respectively.

Heavy metal exposure reduces hatching success of Acartia pacifica resting eggs in the sediment.

The potential effects of three heavy metals (Cu, Pb, and Cd) on hatching success of Acartia pacifica resting eggs in the sediment of Xiamen Bay were experimentally investigated. The number ofA. pacifica nauplii hatched from the sediment sharply decreased with the increase of metal concentration and exposure time from 3 to 30 d.

The novel mechanism of recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor on the anti-diabetes activity.

In a previous study, the ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) were demonstrated to lead to weight-loss partly by up-regulating the energy metabolism and the expression of uncoupling protein-1, mitochondrial transcription factor A and nuclear respiratory factor-1 in adipose tissues or muscle. To investigate the up-stream regulators of the expression, recombinant human CNTF (rhCNTF) (0.1, 0.

Genomic organization and tissue-specific expression analysis of hepcidin-like genes from black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegelii B).

Hepcidin is an antimicrobial peptide and putative iron regulatory hormone previously described in mice and humans. Dozens of fish hepcidins have been isolated and characterized so far. Here we present seven hepcidin-like cDNA sequences named AS-hepc1-7, amplified from the normal commercially cultured fish (black porgy) by RACE-PCR.

Reduction of recruitment of Acartia pacifica nauplii from benthic resting eggs due to organochlorine pesticides.

Many estuarine and coastal planktonic copepods depend on the hatching of benthic resting eggs for recruitment of nauplii to the water column population. The potential effects of two organochlorine pesticides, hexchloriobinzene (HCH) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), on the recruitment of Acartia pacifica nauplii from benthic resting eggs in the seabed of Xiamen Bay were experimentally investigated. The abundance of A.

A male-specific expression gene, encodes a novel anionic antimicrobial peptide, scygonadin, in Scylla serrata.

Scygonadin is a novel antimicrobial peptide, which was originally isolated from the seminal plasma of the mud crab, Scylla serrata. Based on the partial 20-residue NH(2)-terminal sequence of the peptide, H-Gly-Gln-Ala-Leu-Asn-Lys-Leu-Met-Pro-Lys-Ile-Val-Ser-Ala-Ile-Ile-Tyr-Met-Val-Gly-OH, scygonadin was cloned from the gonads of S. serrata using a degenerated reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE).

[Orange fluorescent protein--modification of green fluorescent protein GFPxm].

Recently, we have reported a new gfp gene isolated from Aequorea macrodactyla. The protein purified from expressed E. coli exhibited an excitation peak at 476 nm and an emission peak at 496 nm.