Fundamental and Second-Order Superregular Breathers in Vector Fields.

We developed an exact theory of the superregular breathers (SRBs) of Manakov equations. We have shown that the vector SRBs do exist both in the cases of focusing and defocusing Manakov systems. The theory is based on the eigenvalue analysis and on finding the exact links between the SRBs and modulation instability.

Evaluation of Isolates Susceptibility to Antibiotics in Zhejiang Province Since 2007.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the drug susceptibility of clinical isolates of to spectinomycin, ceftriaxone and azithromycin. Moreover, the temporal trends in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of five antibiotics from Zhejiang, China, are also in the scope of this study.

Methods: A total of 1710 gonococcal clinical strains were collected between 2007 and 2021 from health-care institutions in Zhejiang.

Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Alleviates Chronic Neuropathic Pain-Induced Allodynia by Inhibiting Neuroplasticity in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex.

Low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) is a potential noninvasive method to alleviate allodynia by modulating the central nervous system. However, the underlying analgesic mechanisms remain unexplored. Here, we assessed how LIFU at the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) affects behavior response and central plasticity resulting from chronic constrictive injury (CCI).

Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Alleviates Spasticity and Increases Expression of the Neuronal K-Cl Cotransporter in the L4-L5 Sections of Rats Following Spinal Cord Injury.

Low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) has been shown to provide effective activation of the spinal cord neurocircuits. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of LIFU in order to alleviate spasticity following spinal cord injury (SCI) by activating the spinal neurocircuits and increasing the expression of the neuronal K-Cl cotransporter KCC. Adult male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (220-300 g) were randomly divided into a sham control group, a LIFU group, and a LIFU group.

A Single Amino Acid Substitution in Elongation Factor G Can Confer Low-Level Gentamicin Resistance in .

The continued emergence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates which are resistant to first-line antibiotics has reinvigorated interest in alternative therapies such as expanded use of gentamicin (Gen). We hypothesized that expanded use of Gen promotes emergence of gonococci with clinical resistance to this aminoglycoside. To understand how decreased susceptibility of gonococci to Gen might develop, we selected spontaneous low-level Gen-resistant (Gen) mutants (Gen MIC = 32 μg/mL) of the Gen-susceptible strain FA19.

Fever, Tachypnea, and Monocyte Distribution Width Predicts Length of Stay for Patients with COVID-19: A Pioneer Study.

(1) Background: Our study investigated whether monocyte distribution width (MDW) could be used in emergency department (ED) settings as a predictor of prolonged length of stay (LOS) for patients with COVID-19. (2) Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted; patients presenting to the ED of an academic hospital with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to obtain the odds ratios (ORs) for predictors of an LOS of >14 days.

Effects of Noninvasive Low-Intensity Focus Ultrasound Neuromodulation on Spinal Cord Neurocircuits In Vivo.

Although neurocircuits can be activated by focused ultrasound stimulation, it is unclear whether this is also true for spinal cord neurocircuits. In this study, we used low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) to stimulate lumbar 4-lumbar 5 (L4-L5) segments of the spinal cord of normal Sprague Dawley rats with a clapper. The activation of the spinal cord neurocircuits enhanced soleus muscle contraction as measured by electromyography (EMG).

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Ertapenem in Isolates Collected Within the China Gonococcal Resistance Surveillance Programme (China-GRSP) 2018.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ertapenem on collected from eight Chinese provinces in 2018.

Methods: The MICs of ertapenem on 503 isolates (415 isolates selected randomly and 88 isolates selected with preference) were measured using the agar dilution method. For comparison, the MICs of ceftriaxone and azithromycin were detected.

Extreme spectral asymmetry of Akhmediev breathers and Fermi-Pasta-Ulam recurrence in a Manakov system.

The dynamics of Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU) recurrence in a Manakov system is studied analytically. Exact Akhmediev breather (AB) solutions for this system are found that cannot be reduced to the ABs of a single-component nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Expansion-contraction cycle of the corresponding spectra with an infinite number of sidebands is calculated analytically using a residue theorem.

Exact Analytic Spectra of Asymmetric Modulation Instability in Systems with Self-Steepening Effect.

Nonlinear waves become asymmetric when asymmetric physical effects are present within the system. One example is the self-steepening effect. When exactly balanced with dispersion, it leads to a fully integrable system governed by the Chen-Lee-Liu equation.

Monocyte Distribution Width, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Improves Early Prediction for Sepsis at the Emergency.

(1) Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition, and most patients with sepsis first present to the emergency department (ED) where early identification of sepsis is challenging due to the unavailability of an effective diagnostic model. (2) Methods: In this retrospective study, patients aged ≥20 years who presented to the ED of an academic hospital with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) were included. The SIRS, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), and quick SOFA (qSOFA) scores were obtained for all patients.

Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of a Generic Fixed-Dose Combination Tablet of Metformin Hydrochloride/Vildagliptin Versus a Branded Product in Healthy Chinese Subjects Under Fed and Fasting Conditions.

The purpose of this study was to compare the bioequivalence and safety of test and reference preparations of fixed-dose combination tablets of metformin hydrochloride/vildagliptin 850 mg/50 mg in healthy volunteers under fasting and fed conditions for marketing authorization in China. A single-dose, randomized, open-label, 2-way crossover study was conducted. Blood samples were collected up to 36 hours after dosing in each period with a 7-day washout.

Evaluation of Drugs with Therapeutic Potential for Susceptibility of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Isolates from 8 Provinces in China from 2018.

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate meropenem, fosfomycin, berberine hydrochloride, and doxycycline minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of collected from eight provinces in China in 2018.

Methods: The MICs of 540 isolates (451 isolates selected randomly and 89 isolates selected with preference) were determined to meropenem, fosfomycin, berberine hydrochloride, and doxycycline using the agar dilution method, and the MICs of ceftriaxone and azithromycin were detected for comparison.

Results: Among 451 randomly selected isolates, the MIC was 0.

Propulsion Mechanism of Flexible Microbead Swimmers in the Low Reynolds Number Regime.

A propulsion mechanism for a flexible microswimmer constructed from superparamagnetic microbeads with different diameters and subjected to an oscillating field was studied experimentally and theoretically herein. Various types of artificial swimmers with different bending patterns were fabricated to determine the flexibility and an effective waveform for a planar beating flagellum. Waveform evolutions for various swimmer configurations were studied to determine the flexible mechanism of the swimmers.

Efficacy of gabexate mesilate in preventing post endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background/purpose: The evidence provided by syntheses of the preventative effects of gabexate mesilate against pancreatitis among patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is limited and highly heterogeneous. To enhance the understanding of this topic, this study aimed to provide overview of gabexate mesilate on preventing post ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) by synthesizing all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: We searched three databases for relevant RCTs.

The Anatomy of the Temporal and Zygomatic Branches of the Facial Nerve: Application to Crow's Feet Wrinkles.

Background: Advances in the understanding of wrinkling crow's feet while improving the safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type A injection has pointed to drug dispersion in the lateral orbital wrinkles as a cause of adverse events of botulinum toxin type A injection. The purpose of this study is to identify the distribution of temporal and zygomatic branches of facial nerve in the orbicularis oculi muscles.

Methods: Anatomical dissection of cadavers was performed in 31 cadavers, 13 females and 18 males, with ages ranging from 20 to 60 years, which of all had been embalmed by 10% formalin solution.

Enhancing gonorrhea surveillance in China by testing females in gynecology clinics: Lessons learned from a pilot survey.

Objectives: China has a high burden of gonorrhea, but an imbalanced male-to-female (M/F) ratio of reported cases. Therefore, the prevalence of gonorrhea in China may be underestimated due to inadequate testing of potentially infected females. The objective of this study is to investigate the cause of this imbalanced M/F ratio and develop strategies to enhance gonorrhea surveillance, particularly among females.

Surveillance and molecular epidemiology of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Shenzhen, China, 2010-2017.

Objectives: The development and emergence of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) have become a major public-health problem worldwide. This study aimed to analyse the antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular characteristics of NG isolates in Shenzhen, China.

Methods: A total of 1282 NG isolates were consecutively collected between 2010 and 2017.

Disk-Diffusion Testing Is an Inappropriate Screening Tool for Cephalosporin-Resistant Gonorrhoea Strains in Clinical Practice in China.

Purpose: Injectable ceftriaxone and oral cefixime are the last agents effective against . In vitro antimicrobial-susceptibility testing (AST) is done to identify the most efficacious antibiotic needed to combat the infection in that particular individual. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether Kirby-Bauer (KB) disk-diffusion tests can detect isolates that have decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone and cefixime for appropriate clinical management.

Sustained transmission of the ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae FC428 clone in China.

Background: Ceftriaxone resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae has become an imminent threat to effective control of gonorrhoea globally. In recent years, the ceftriaxone-resistant FC428 clone has shown international dissemination. After our first report of the FC428 clone in China in 2016, we now describe another six cases of FC428-related ceftriaxone-resistant N.

Impact of the gonococcal FC428 allele 60.001 on ceftriaxone resistance and biological fitness.

Global dissemination of the ceftriaxone-resistant FC428 clone jeopardizes the currently recommended ceftriaxone-based first-line therapies. Ceftriaxone resistance in the FC428 clone has been associated with the presence of its mosaic allele 60.001.

Gnaq Protects PC12 Cells from Oxidative Damage by Activation of Nrf2 and Inhibition of NF-kB.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously produced as byproducts of aerobic metabolism. Oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in the occurrence of several neurodegenerative diseases as well as aging because of the accumulation of ROS. Gnaq is a member of G protein α subunits.

Gonococcal urethritis caused by a multidrug resistant strain with high-level resistance to spectinomycin in China.

We report a recent (2018) gonorrhoeal urethritis caused by a multidrug-resistant strain in China. The isolated strain from a male and female pair expressed high-level resistance to spectinomycin (SPC), azithromycin, and other antibiotics but was sensitive to ceftriaxone. The SPC high-level resistance (MIC = 2048 mg/L) was due to a small deletion in that caused two amino acid changes in ribosomal protein S5.

Gentamicin susceptibility of isolates from 7 provinces in China.

Purpose: Gentamicin is a promising antimicrobial for the treatment of gonorrhea. The study aimed to evaluate gentamicin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of isolates in China.

Methods: In this study, the agar dilution method was used to determine the MICs of 470 isolates collected in 2016 to four effective antimicrobials (gentamicin, azithromycin, ceftriaxone, and spectinomycin).