Publications by authors named "Shao-Wei Han"
Pseudobulbs of Pleione bulbocodioides have been used as traditional Chinese medicine for a long time to treat cancers through decoction with water. However, as its main water-soluble ingredient, the structure of polysaccharide has not been elucidated yet. To obtain its polysaccharide with antitumor activity, a series of isolation, structural identification and antitumor evaluation experiments were performed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite the current recognition of and as two separate valid species of China, neither species have been revised based on examination of their types and/or topotypical materials, nor have they genetically analyzed. In this study, examination of the holotype of showed that it has a serrated anterior edge of the pectoral spine, a slightly emarginate caudal fin, and longer maxillary barbels extending beyond the base of the pectoral spine, the characters shared with specimens currently identified as . Morphological comparisons and molecular analysis showed that specimens from mainland China, which are characterized by the three mentioned morphological features, represent a single species.
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- China has a unique and diverse range of freshwater fish species, but human activities have severely threatened this biodiversity, making conservation efforts urgently needed.
- A recent assessment identified 355 at-risk freshwater fish species, with significant numbers classified as Critically Endangered, Endangered, and Vulnerable, while habitat loss, particularly due to damming, is the main cause of these threats.
- To improve conservation outcomes, a proposal includes conducting comprehensive surveys for fish diversity, reassessing at-risk species, enhancing conservation planning, developing protected areas, using genetic-based breeding, and implementing flexible fishing regulations.
Article Synopsis
- H. pylori infections are a significant global health issue, linked to gastric cancer and various ulcers, with a notable prevalence in China, where new treatments are necessary due to high infection rates.
- The study compares the effectiveness and safety of two new VPZ-based therapies against the traditional BI-based quadruple therapy for treating H. pylori, involving 327 participants in Shenzhen.
- Participants undergo random assignment to one of the three treatment regimens and follow-up assessments to evaluate treatment success and safety, with adjustments made if initial treatments are ineffective.
Article Synopsis
- Evidence suggests that the diversity of freshwater fish species, particularly bagrid species in South China, is underestimated in current taxonomy.
- A study conducted across 40 localities found nine distinct lineages, classifying them into eight geographic populations, leading to the identification of four recognized species and highlighting one new species with two genetically different lineages.
- The findings emphasize the importance of using molecular analysis alongside traditional methods for species identification and call for updated conservation strategies to protect the rich yet overlooked diversity of lowland fish.
Article Synopsis
- Nine new compounds called pleionosides M-U and 12 known compounds were extracted from the pseudobulbs of a certain plant.
- The structures of these compounds were determined using advanced techniques like high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
- Some of these new compounds demonstrated significant protective effects on liver cells against specific toxicities, improving cell viability substantially compared to the control group.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers identified 13 new phenanthrene and bibenzyl derivatives, named blestanols A-M, from the tubers of Bletilla striata, alongside 12 known compounds, using spectroscopic analysis to determine their structures.
- 15 compounds were isolated into enantiomers through chiral-phase HPLC, and their configurations were confirmed with optical rotation measurements and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) comparisons.
- Many of these compounds demonstrated potential as anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agents, with various levels of inhibition on nitric oxide production and selective cytotoxic effects against several cancer cell lines.
Article Synopsis
- The study explores how nonmetallic inclusions in 304 stainless steel evolve during heat treatment at 1250 °C over different time intervals (0, 30, 60, and 120 minutes).
- The research finds that the density of inclusions initially increases and then decreases, while their average size follows an opposite trend.
- Furthermore, chromium oxide (CrO) content in the inclusions rises with heat treatment time, which increases their melting points but decreases their plasticity, highlighting the significance of Ostwald ripening in the process.
Article Synopsis
- About 17 compounds were isolated from a 60% ethanol extract of Clematis hexapetala roots, including three new guaianolide sesquiterpenoids and five new prenylated phenolic glycosides.
- The chemical structures of these new compounds were identified using spectroscopic data and modified Mosher's method, with insights into their potential biosynthetic pathways.
- In vitro tests revealed that compound 16 showed moderate inhibition of TNF-α secretion and significant activity against PTP1B, with inhibition ratios of 48.30-86.00%.
Article Synopsis
- Two new compounds, pleionosides K and L, were discovered from the pseudobulbs of a specific orchid species, and their structures were thoroughly characterized using advanced analytical techniques.
- The study explored the possible biosynthetic pathways for these compounds and discussed their formation.
- Both pleionosides exhibited moderate protective effects on liver cells against damage from acetaminophen and showed antioxidant activity in nerve cells, improving cell survival rates in tests.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers discovered four new compounds (Bulbocodioidins E-H) from the pseudobulbs of Pleione bulbocodioides, alongside four known compounds.
- The structures of these compounds were determined using high-resolution mass spectrometry and advanced NMR techniques, while their configurations were confirmed through ECD analysis.
- Notably, compound 4a exhibited significant cytotoxic effects against various cancer cell lines, with IC values indicating effectiveness against colon, liver, and breast cancer, while compound 6 was specifically effective against breast cancer cells.
Article Synopsis
- Eight new phenanthrenequinones, labeled bulbocodioidins A-D, were extracted from the tubers of Pleione bulbocodioides.
- The structural details and configurations of these compounds were determined using advanced NMR analysis and ECD data.
- The cytotoxic effects of the compounds were tested on various human cancer cell lines, with compounds 1a and 4a showing significant cytotoxic activity.
New dammarane triterpenoid saponins from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus.
J Asian Nat Prod Res
November 2018
Article Synopsis
- Three new compounds, called cyclocariosides O, P, and Q, were discovered from the leaves of the plant Cyclocarya paliurus.
- These compounds belong to a class of chemicals known as dammarane triterpenoid saponins.
- The structures of these new saponins were determined using various spectroscopic techniques.
Article Synopsis
- Eighteen chemical compounds were extracted from the plant Bletilla striata using techniques like silica gel chromatography and RP-HPLC.
- The structures of these compounds were determined using various spectroscopic methods and their physical properties.
- Notably, compound 1 is a new discovery, while compounds 2-6, 9, and 15-18 are being reported from this genus for the first time.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined the digestive system of Chinese loach (Paramisgurnus dabryanus) from hatching to 40 days after hatching, focusing on the activities of key digestive enzymes.
- Key enzymes like trypsin, chymotrypsin, amylase, and lipase were present even before the fish started eating, indicating they are genetically programmed to develop.
- Notably, an increase in enzyme activity from 10 to 20 DAH suggests a shift to a juvenile digestive mode, while pepsin activity starting at 30 DAH indicates a transition to more complex digestion as the fish begins the weaning process.
[Studies on glucosyloxybenzyl 2-isobutylmalates of Pleione bulbocodioides].
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
March 2015
Article Synopsis
- Ten new compounds, including glucosyloxybenzyl 2-isobutylmalates and a benzyl alcohol glycoside, were extracted from the dry tuber of the orchid Pleione bulbocodioides, commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine.
- The extraction utilized various chromatography methods like ODS, macroporous adsorbent resin, Sepheadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC.
- Structures of the compounds were determined through chemical evidence and spectroscopic analysis, with seven of these compounds being isolated for the first time from this plant genus.
Article Synopsis
- Fourteen compounds were extracted from the Pleione bulbocodioides plant using various chromatographic techniques, revealing a mix of phenanthrenes, dihydrophenanthrenes, bibenzyls, a lignan, and a sterol.
- The structures of these compounds were identified through spectroscopy, leading to the discovery of new compounds including monbarbatain A and blestriarene A.
- Notably, compounds 1-3, 9, 13, and 14 were isolated from this plant genus for the first time, expanding the understanding of its chemical properties.