Aggressive plaque modification with rotational atherectomy and cutting balloon for optimal stent expansion in calcified lesions.

Objective: To evaluate the factors affecting optimal stent expansion in calcified lesions treated by aggressive plaque modification with rotational atherectomy (RA) and a cutting balloon (CB).

Methods: From January 2014 to May 2015, 92 patients with moderate to severe coronary calcified lesions underwent rotational atherectomy and intravascular ultrasound imaging at Chinese PLA General Hospital (Beijing, China) were included in this study. They were divided into a rotational artherectomy combined with cutting balloon (RACB) group (46 patients treated with RA followed by CB angioplasty) and an RA group (46 patients treated with RA followed by plain balloon angioplasty).

Post-conditioning with gradually increased reperfusion provides better cardioprotection in rats.

Background: Rapid and complete reperfusion has been widely adopted in the treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but this process sometimes can cause severe reperfusion injury. This study aimed to investigate different patterns of post-conditioning in acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and to detect the role of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) during the injury.

Methods: RATS WERE RANDOMLY DIVIDED INTO FIVE GROUPS: sham group, reperfusion injury (R/ I) group, gradually decreased reperfusion group (GDR group, 30/10-25/15-15/25-10/30 seconds of reperfusion/ischemia), equal reperfusion group (ER group, 20/20 seconds reperfusion/ischemia, 4 cycles), and gradually increased reperfusion group (GIR group, 10/30-15/25-25/15-30/10 seconds of reperfusion/ischemia).

Cutting-balloon angioplasty before drug-eluting stent implantation for the treatment of severely calcified coronary lesions.

Background: Severely calcified coronary lesions respond poorly to balloon angioplasty, resulting in incomplete and asymmetrical stent expansion. Therefore, adequate plaque modification prior to drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation is the key for calcified lesion treatment. This study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cutting balloon angioplasty for severely calcified coronary lesions.

Comparison of human amniotic fluid-derived and umbilical cord Wharton's Jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells: Characterization and myocardial differentiation capacity.

Objective: To compare the characterization and myocardial differentiation capacity of amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AF MSCs) and umbilical cord Wharton's Jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (WJ MSCs).

Methods: The human AF MSCs were cultured from amniotic fluid samples obtained by amniocentesis. The umbilical cord WJ MSCs were obtained from Wharton's Jelly of umbilical cords of infants delivered full-term by normal labor.

[Effect of ischemic postconditioning on activation of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase and cardiac myocyte apoptosis in rats].

Objective: To explore the change of phospho-p38 (P-p38) mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK) and its influence on myocardial apoptosis in reperfusion injury in postconditioning.

Methods: Totally 60 rats were equally and randomly divided into six groups: Sham group,reperfusion injury (R/I) group, postconditioning (Post) group, SB203580 (I_p38) group, anisomycin plus postconditioning (Ani+post) group,and anisomycin (Ani) group. After the model of acute myocardial infarction was established,placebo solution (DMSO), SB203580 (1 mg/kg), or anisomycin (2 mg/kg) was injected through jugular vein 5 minutes before reperfusion.