Composite dietary antioxidant index and obesity among U.S. adults in NHANES 2007-2018.

Antioxidant-rich diets serve as protective factors in preventing obesity. The composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) represents a novel, comprehensive metric for assessing the antioxidant capacity of diets. Our objective is to investigate the relationship between the CDAI and obesity prevalence among adults in the United States.

Causality of Blood Metabolites on Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: Insights From a Genetic Perspective.

Our goal was to examine the causal link between blood metabolites, their ratios, and the risk of developing proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) from a genetic insight. Summary-level data about 1400 blood metabolites and their ratios, as well as PDR, were sourced from prior genome-wide association studies (GWAS). A two-sample univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was utilized.

Role of Triglyceride-Glucose Index in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications.

Insulin resistance (IR) is the major mechanism in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Early identification of IR is of great significance for preventing the onset of T2DM and delaying the progression of the disease. Previous studies have shown that triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index can be used as an effective surrogate marker for IR.

Association between the atherogenic index of plasma and kidney stones: a nationally representative study.

Purpose: The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a novel comprehensive lipid index. We aimed to investigate a possible relationship between AIP index and kidney stones in US adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among adults with complete AIP index and questionnaire records on kidney stones from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2007 to 2018.

The Relationship Between Remnant Cholesterol and Visceral Adipose Tissue: A National Cross-Sectional Study.

The aim of our study is to explore the relationship between remnant cholesterol (RC) levels and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in the US adult population. This cross-sectional study utilized data from 5301 participants aged 20 to 59 years gathered by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). RC was determined by deducting both high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) from total cholesterol (TC), and VAT was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Causal relationships between gut microbiota, gut metabolites, and diabetic neuropathy: A mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous studies have shown a strong correlation between gut microbiota and diabetes and its associated complications. We aimed to evaluate the causal relationships between the gut microbiota, gut metabolites, and diabetic neuropathy.

Methods: Summary statistics of 211 gut microbiota and 12 gut-related metabolites (β-hydroxybutyric acid, betaine, trimethylamine-N-oxide, carnitine, choline, glutamate, kynurenine, phenylalanine, propionic acid, serotonin, tryptophan, and tyrosine) were obtained from previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

Generalization of a Deep Learning Model for Continuous Glucose Monitoring-Based Hypoglycemia Prediction: Algorithm Development and Validation Study.

Background: Predicting hypoglycemia while maintaining a low false alarm rate is a challenge for the wide adoption of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices in diabetes management. One small study suggested that a deep learning model based on the long short-term memory (LSTM) network had better performance in hypoglycemia prediction than traditional machine learning algorithms in European patients with type 1 diabetes. However, given that many well-recognized deep learning models perform poorly outside the training setting, it remains unclear whether the LSTM model could be generalized to different populations or patients with other diabetes subtypes.

Correlation Between Blood Urea Nitrogen and Short- and Long-Term Glycemic Variability in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Who Were hospitalized:A Retrospective Study.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance and progressively impaired insulin secretion resulting in dynamic fluctuations in glucose levels.High blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels have been linked to decreased insulin sensitivity, suppressed insulin synthesis and increased risk of incident diabetes mellitus in humans as well as insulin use in patients with T2DM.This study characterize the association between BUN levels and short-term and long-term glycemic variability(GV) in the elderly patients with T2DM who were hospitalized.

Reduced sensitivity to thyroid hormones is associated with lung function in euthyroid individuals.

Background: The thyroid gland exhibits a subtle interconnection with the lungs. We further investigated the correlation between thyroid hormone sensitivity and lung function in euthyroid individuals.

Methods: Data on spirometry and mortality for participants aged 19-79 years were extracted from the NHANES database.

Association Between Remnant Cholesterol and Risk of Hyperuricemia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Remnant cholesterol (RC) is closely related to metabolic diseases. Our study aims to explore the relationship between RC and hyperuricemia. This cross-sectional study included 14 568 adults aged 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2007 and 2018 in the United States.

The relationship between weight-adjusted-waist index and diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: Obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, is seen as a risk factor for diabetic complications. The weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) is a recently developed index for measuring adiposity. Our goal was to uncover the potential correlation between the WWI index and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) risk.

Causal relationships between circulating inflammatory cytokines and diabetic neuropathy: A Mendelian Randomization study.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests systemic inflammation as a critical mechanism underlying diabetic neuropathy. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between 41 circulating inflammatory cytokines and diabetic neuropathy.

Methods: Summary statistics from previous Genome-Wide Association studies (GWAS) included pooled data on 41 inflammatory cytokines and diabetic neuropathy.

Impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormones is associated with albuminuria in the euthyroid population: results from NHANES.

Purpose: The relationship between thyroid hormone sensitivity and albuminuria remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between thyroid hormone sensitivity and the risk of albuminuria in a euthyroid population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 7634 euthyroid adults collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2007 and 2012.

Effect of emerging digital technologies and methodologies combined with incentives on HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: study protocol for a parallel, open randomized controlled trial.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common metabolic disease that requires long-term management and treatment. Digital intervention, as an emerging medical model, has been widely used in the treatment of T2DM patients. Behavioral economics theory provides a favorable perspective for studying the effect of digital intervention because it can reveal the decision-making mechanisms behind human behavior and provide more effective interventions for digital intervention.

Identification of Senescence-Associated Biomarkers in Diabetic Glomerulopathy Using Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis.

Background: Cellular senescence is thought to play a significant role in the onset and development of diabetic nephropathy. The goal of this study was to explore potential biomarkers associated with diabetic glomerulopathy from the perspective of senescence.

Methods: Datasets about human glomerular biopsy samples related to diabetic nephropathy were systematically obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.

Co-treatment of Astragaloside IV with Vitamin D in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathic Rats: Protective Effects and Potential Mechanisms.

Objective: The potential mechanism underlying the protective effect of Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) co-treatment with 1, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D (Vit-D) on neuropathy in diabetic high-fat rats was investigated.

Methods: The rat diabetic hyperlipidemia (DH) model was established via streptozotocin and a high-fat diet (HFD). After co-treatment (of AS-IV and Vit-D at respective doses of 50 mg/kg via oral gavage and 30000 IU/kg via intramuscular injection), blood glucose levels, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as apoptosis and histopathology were evaluated with appropriate techniques.

Causal relationships between gut microbiota and hypothyroidism: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous studies have shown that the gut microbiota plays an important role in the maintenance of thyroid homeostasis. We aimed to evaluate the causal relationships between gut microbiota and hypothyroidism.

Methods: Summary statistics for 211 gut microbiota taxa were obtained from the largest available genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis conducted by the MiBioGen consortium.

The relationship between triglyceride-glucose index and albuminuria in United States adults.

Purpose: Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a simple and reliable indicator of metabolic dysfunction. We aimed to investigate a possible relationship between TyG index and albuminuria in the United States adult population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among adults with complete TyG index and urinary albumin/urinary creatinine (UACR) from 2011-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Correlation Between Glycemic Variability and Diabetic Complications: A Narrative Review.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder with a complex etiology in which glycemic dynamics are disturbed and the body is unable to maintain the process of glucose homeostasis through the pancreas. Persistent symptoms of high blood glucose or low blood glucose may lead to diabetic complications, such as neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular diseases. Glycemic variability which can represent the presence of excessive glycemic excursions is an indicator for evaluating glucose homoeostasis.

variant rs3889348 is associated with metformin-induced gastrointestinal among Chinese Type 2 diabetes patients.

This study examined intronic gene variants for their association with metformin intolerance in a Chinese population, focusing on the plasma monoamine transporter () cis-protein expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTL) variant rs3889348. We recruited Type 2 diabetes patients from two hospitals and identified 111 metformin-intolerant patients using a questionnaire, and selected 206 metformin-tolerant patients from 2180 Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Genetic testing revealed an association between adverse gastrointestinal (GI) effects and and .

Identification of Basement Membrane Genes and Related Molecular Subtypes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Basement membranes (BMs) are widely distributed and highly specialized extracellular matrix (ECM). The goal of this study was to explore novel genes associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) from the perspective of BMs. Sequencing results of 304 liver biopsy samples about NAFLD were systematically obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.