Comparison of visual quality in cataract patients with low astigmatism after ART2 or ReSTOR intraocular lens implantation.

Aim: To compare visual quality in cataract patients with low corneal astigmatism who underwent intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, and evaluate effects of low levels of astigmatism on visual outcomes in multifocal pseudophakic eyes.

Methods: This retrospective review of clinical records comprised patients with preoperative regular corneal astigmatism of 0.75-1.

Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Idiopathic Epiretinal Membranes and In Vitro Studies on the Effect of TGF-β on Müller Cells.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of type VI collagen and glial cells in idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) and the role of TGF-β in the expression of collagens and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in retinal Müller cells.

Methods: Idiopathic ERM samples from vitrectomy were analyzed for glial acidic fibrillary protein (GFAP), cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein (CRALBP), α-SMA, and type VI collagen using flat-mount immunohistochemistry. To study intracellular collagen expression in relation to cellular phenotype, spontaneously immortalized human Müller cells (MIO-M1) were treated with TGF-β1 for 48 hours, and the expression of α-SMA and intracellular type I, II, IV, and VI collagens was studied by using immunocytology.

Substrate Elastic Modulus Regulates the Morphology, Focal Adhesions, and α-Smooth Muscle Actin Expression of Retinal Müller Cells.

Purpose: The stiffness of the extracellular matrix has been shown to regulate cell adhesion, migration, and transdifferentiation in fibrotic processes. Retinal Müller cells have been shown to be mechanosensitive; they are involved in fibrotic vitreoretinal diseases. Since fibrosis increases the rigidity of the extracellular matrix, our aim was to develop an in vitro model for studying Müller cell morphology and differentiation state in relation to matrix stiffness.

The Ultrastructural Localization of Type II, IV, and VI Collagens at the Vitreoretinal Interface.

Background: The vitreoretinal interface is the border of the cortical vitreous and the inner surface of the retina. The adhesion of the cortical vitreous to the ILM, namely vitreoretinal adhesion, involves a series of complex molecular adhesion mechanisms and has been considered as an important pathogenic factor in many vitreoretinal diseases. The presence of type VI collagen at the vitreoretinal interface and its possible interaction with collagens and glycoproteins indicates that type VI collagen may contribute to the vitreoretinal adhesion.

Idiopathic epiretinal membrane.

Background: Idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) is a fibrocellular membrane that proliferates on the inner surface of the retina at the macular area. Membrane contraction is an important sight-threatening event and is due to fibrotic remodeling.

Methods: Analysis of the current literature regarding the epidemiology, clinical features, and pathogenesis of iERM and fibrotic tissue contraction.

Glial cells and collagens in epiretinal membranes associated with idiopathic macular holes.

Purpose: To investigate the identity of collagens and cellular components in the epiretinal membrane (ERM) associated with full-thickness idiopathic macular hole and their clinical relevance.

Methods: Pars plana vitrectomy with the peeling of internal limiting membrane and ERM was performed by 2 surgeons in 40 eyes with idiopathic macular holes. The clinical data were reviewed and the surgical specimens were processed for flat-mount and immunohistochemical analysis.

[Clinical study of foldable TORIC intraocular lens implantation for corneal astigmatism correction].

Objective: To discuss the result of TORIC intraocular lens (IOL) implantation to correct preexisting astigmatism in patients having cataract surgery.

Methods: This prospective series case study in Tianjin Medical University Eye Center included 61 eyes of 52 patients with more than 0.75 diopter (D) of preexisting corneal astigmatism having cataract surgery.