Major Adverse Kidney Events in Hospitalized Older Patients With Acute Kidney Injury: Machine Learning-Based Model Development and Validation Study.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in hospitalized older patients, associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Major adverse kidney events within 30 days (MAKE30), a composite of death, new renal replacement therapy, or persistent renal dysfunction, has been recommended as a patient-centered endpoint for clinical trials involving AKI.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning-based model to predict MAKE30 in hospitalized older patients with AKI.

Causal effects of rheumatoid arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis on membranous nephropathy: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the leading cause of adult-onset nephrotic syndrome, with primary MN of unclear cause accounting for 80% of cases. Retrospective clinical research reported that MN occurring in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients was triggered by nephrotoxic drugs or of unknown cause. However, whether RA or AS itself increases the risk of developing MN is unknown.

Temporal trends of post-contrast acute kidney injury in patients with intravenous administration of iodinated contrast medium.

Little is known about whether preventative practices for post-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI) recommended in guidelines have been adopted in clinical practice and translated into a lower incidence of PC-AKI. The aim of this study was to examine the yearly trends in the incidence of PC-AKI, and comorbidities and care practices associated with PC-AKI in hospitalized patients who received intravenous administration of iodinated contrast medium (ICM). Adult patients receiving intravenous ICM at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University in China between 2015 and 2021 were included.

Apelin-13 alleviates contrast-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a severe complication associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and effective therapeutic strategies are still lacking. Apelin is an endogenous physiological regulator with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties. However, the role of apelin-13 in CI-AKI remains unclear.

Effects of intravenous hydration in preventing post-contrast acute kidney injury in patients with eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of intravenous hydration in preventing post-contrast outcomes in patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 30 mL/min/1.73 m undergoing intravenous administration of iodinated contrast media (ICM).

Methods: Hospitalized patients with eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.

Association of underweight and obesity with adverse postoperative renal outcomes in infants and young children undergoing congenital heart surgery.

Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent condition and associated with increased morbidity and mortality following cardiac surgery. This study aimed to investigate the association of underweight and obesity with adverse postoperative renal outcomes in infants and young children undergoing congenital heart surgery. This retrospective cohort study included patients aged from 1 month to 5 years who underwent congenital heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2016 to March 2022.

Mitofusin2 Ameliorated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Through Maintaining Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane Integrity in Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury.

This study investigated the regulatory effect of Mitofusin2 (Mfn2) on mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) integrity and cellular injury in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (CP-AKI). CP-AKI mice exhibited decreased expression of Mfn2, increased expression of phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), abnormal mitochondrial morphology, and reduced MAMs integrity, accompanied by the activation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (inositol-requiring enzyme 1 [IRE1] and PERK pathways). In studies, CP-induced mitochondrial ROS, ER-stress activation, and increased apoptosis were accompanied by the downregulation of Mfn2 and MAMs integrity reduction in Boston University mouse proximal tubular cells (BUMPT) and human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2).

Differential renal proteomics analysis in a novel rat model of iodinated contrast-induced acute kidney injury.

Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI), which occurs after the use of iodinated contrast media, has become the third leading cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury (AKI). It is associated with prolonged hospitalization and increased risks of end-stage renal disease and mortality. The pathogenesis of CI-AKI is unclear and effective treatments are lacking.

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Acute Kidney Injury Following Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: Model Development and Validation Study.

Background: Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a major complication following pediatric cardiac surgery, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The early prediction of CSA-AKI before and immediately after surgery could significantly improve the implementation of preventive and therapeutic strategies during the perioperative periods. However, there is limited clinical information on how to identify pediatric patients at high risk of CSA-AKI.

Effects of mesenchymal stem cells in renovascular disease of preclinical and clinical studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Renal artery stenosis (RAS) causes severe renovascular hypertension, worsening kidney function, and increased cardiovascular morbidity. According to recent studies, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) administration is a promising therapy for the improvement of RAS outcomes. The meta-analysis aims to evaluate the therapeutic effects of MSC therapy on RAS.

Development and Validation of Machine Learning Models for Real-Time Mortality Prediction in Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury.

Background: Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is common in critically ill patients, which is associated with significantly increased mortality. Existing mortality prediction tools showed insufficient predictive power or failed to reflect patients' dynamic clinical evolution. Therefore, the study aimed to develop and validate machine learning-based models for real-time mortality prediction in critically ill patients with SA-AKI.

Acute Kidney Disease in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients With Acute Kidney Injury in China.

Objective: The epidemiology and outcomes of acute kidney disease (AKD) after acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized children are poorly described. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence, predictive factors, and clinical outcomes of AKD in hospitalized children with AKI.

Methods: Children (1 month-18 years) with AKI during hospitalization in the Second Xiangya Hospital from January 2015 to December 2020 were identified.

Development and validation of a deep neural network-based model to predict acute kidney injury following intravenous administration of iodinated contrast media in hospitalized patients with chronic kidney disease: a multicohort analysis.

Background: Stratification of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2] at risk for post-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI) following intravenous administration of iodinated contrast media (ICM) is important for clinical decision-making and clinical trial enrollment.

Methods: The derivation and internal validation cohorts originated from the Second Xiangya Hospital.

Machine learning for early discrimination between transient and persistent acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with sepsis.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is commonly present in critically ill patients with sepsis. Early prediction of short-term reversibility of AKI is beneficial to risk stratification and clinical treatment decision. The study sought to use machine learning methods to discriminate between transient and persistent sepsis-associated AKI.

Is intravenous iodinated contrast medium administration really harmful in hospitalized acute kidney injury patients: a propensity score-matched study.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of intravenous iodinated contrast medium (ICM) administration on the deterioration of renal function (DRF), new renal replacement therapy (RRT) induction and mortality of hospitalized acute kidney injury (AKI) patients.

Methods: Adult hospitalized patients undergoing a contrast-enhanced or unenhanced CT scan within 7 days after AKI diagnosis from January 2015 to December 2019 were identified in this retrospective study. Propensity score matching was performed.

Development of mortality prediction model in the elderly hospitalized AKI patients.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) correlates with increased health-care costs and poor outcomes in older adults. However, there is no good scoring system to predict mortality within 30-day, 1-year after AKI in older adults. We performed a retrospective analysis screening data of 53,944 hospitalized elderly patients (age > 65 years) from multi-centers in China.

Acute kidney disease in hospitalized acute kidney injury patients.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have become worldwide public health problems, but little information is known about the epidemiology of acute kidney disease (AKD)-a state in between AKI and CKD. We aimed to explore the incidence and outcomes of hospitalized patients with AKD after AKI, and investigate the prognostic value of AKD in predicting 30-day and one-year adverse outcomes.

Methods: A total of 2,556 hospitalized AKI patients were identified from three tertiary hospitals in China in 2015 and followed up for one year.

Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells and human cord blood mononuclear cells protect against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rat models.

Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) are a promising tool to attenuate cisplatin (CP)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). However, whether the transplantation of human cord blood mononuclear cells (hCBMNCs) exhibits similar protective effects and their potential underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. The present study aimed to determine the protective effects of hUCMSCs and hCBMNCs transplantation therapies on an established CP-induced rat model and explore their underlying mechanisms of action.

Novel risk models to predict acute kidney disease and its outcomes in a Chinese hospitalized population with acute kidney injury.

Acute kidney disease (AKD) is a state between acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the prognosis of AKD is unclear and there are no risk-prediction tools to identify high-risk patients. 2,556 AKI patients were selected from 277,898 inpatients of three affiliated hospitals of Central South University from January 2015 to December 2015. The primary point was whether AKI patients developed AKD.