Strengthening public health education and humanitarian response through academic volunteerism.

Introduction: Volunteers are an integral part of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent (RCRC) Movement, with over 16 million people actively contributing to humanitarian action worldwide. Academic volunteerism within the Movement includes contributions from students, volunteers and professionals from academic institutions who offer their time and expertise. In this study we aimed to understand the process of embedding academic volunteers in humanitarian organizations such as the Canadian Red Cross (CRC) and assess the impact of their activities within the realm of public health education.

Magnetically dependent photovoltages in permalloy films and gratings.

Significant photoinduced voltages observed in permalloy structures consist of two contributions with different origins, which depend on illumination conditions, structure geometry and magnetic field in distinct ways. The first component is the plasmon drag effect voltage closely associated with plasmon propagation. The second contribution is magnetically dependent and can be related to photoinduced gradients in the sample temperature and spin polarization.

Red blood cell pyruvate kinase properties in Townes and Berkeley sickle cell disease mouse models - Of mice and men.

Pyruvate kinase (PK), a key ATP-generating enzyme in glycolysis, is a target for novel sickle cell disease (SCD) therapies. Enhancing PK activity lowers 2,3-diphosphyglycerate (2,3-DPG), increases adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and may prevent red blood cell (RBC) sickling. Townes and Berkeley SCD mouse models are commonly used for the development of novel drugs for SCD, but differ from humans in 2,3-DPG and ATP levels, which could be related to underlying differences in PK properties.

Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression: A focus on hepatocellular carcinoma.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) has drawn much interest recently in the search for innovative cancer therapeutics, especially in light of the growing body of evidence supporting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The TME comprises various cell types within the extracellular matrix (ECM), such as immune cells, endothelial cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Throughout the malignancy, these cells interact with cancerous cells and with one another.

Polyphenols as Wnt/β-catenin pathway modulators: A promising strategy in clinical neurodegeneration.

Polyphenols, a diverse group of naturally occurring compounds found in plants, have garnered significant attention for their potential therapeutic properties in treating neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). The Wnt/β-catenin (WβC) signaling pathway, a crucial player in neurogenesis, neuronal survival, and synaptic plasticity, is involved in several cellular mechanisms related to NDs. Dysregulation of this pathway is a hallmark in the development of various NDs.

Signature of collagen alpha-1(x) gene expression in human cancers and their therapeutic implications.

Cancers are a class of disorders that entail uncontrollably unwanted cell development with dissemination. One in six fatalities globally is attributed to cancer, a global health issue. The analysis of the entire DNA sequence and how it expresses itself in tumor cells is known as cancer genomics.

Boosting skin cancer diagnosis accuracy with ensemble approach.

Skin cancer is common and deadly, hence a correct diagnosis at an early age is essential. Effective therapy depends on precise classification of the several skin cancer forms, each with special traits. Because dermoscopy and other sophisticated imaging methods produce detailed lesion images, early detection has been enhanced.

Virtual screening assisted identification of a phytocompound as potent inhibitor against Candida lusitaniae; an in-silico study.

Candida lusitaniae is one of the fungal species which causes serious health illnesses including peritonitis, vaginitis and fungemia, among others. Several antifungal drugs have been designed to tackle its infections but their efficacy is still questionable due to their associated side effects. Hence, there is a need to design those drugs which possess comparatively higher degree of therapeutic potential.

From diagnosis to therapy: The role of LncRNA GAS5 in combatting some cancers affecting women.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a collection of non-coding RNA molecules that consist of more than 200 nucleotides. In human malignancies, these lncRNAs exhibit abnormal expression patterns and play a significant role in either suppressing or promoting tumor growth. They achieve this by modulating various functions and mechanisms within cancer cells, including proliferation, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and resistance to different therapeutic approaches.

Innovative nanocarrier systems for enhanced delivery of phyto-active compounds in cancer therapy.

Millions of people worldwide suffer from cancer, facing challenges such as treatments affecting healthy cells, suboptimal responses, adverse effects, recurrence risk, drug resistance, and nonspecific targeting. Chemoresistance leads to fatalities, but phytoactives show promise in cancer management despite limitations such as high metabolism, poor absorption, and high dosage requirements. Challenges in the large-scale isolation of phytoactive compounds, solubility, bioavailability, and targeting limit their development.

siRNA-based therapy for overcoming drug resistance in human solid tumours; molecular and immunological approaches.

RNA interference (RNAi) is a primordial biological process that protects against external intrusion. SiRNA has the potential to selectively silence disease-related genes in a sequence-specific way, thus offering a promising therapeutic approach. The efficacy of siRNA-based therapies in cancer treatment has gained significant recognition due to multiple studies demonstrating its ability to effectively suppress cancer cells' growth and multiplication.

Chiral nanosystem and chiral supraparticles for drug delivery: an expert opinion.

Introduction: Chiral nanocarriers enhance therapeutic efficacy by improving in vivo stability and cellular uptake. Chemical functionalization reduces cytotoxicity, resulting in favorable biocompatibility. Nanoparticles self-assemble into supraparticles, enhancing drug delivery through improved retention and drug loading.

siRNA-based knockdown of lncRNAs: A new modality to target tumor progression.

This study examines the potential of small interfering RNA (siRNA) as a therapeutic agent for cancer targeting long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). The article begins with an analysis of the structure and biogenesis of lncRNA. It explains the diverse functions of lncRNAs in cancer, establishing a foundation for assessing approaches to inhibit these molecules.

Non-coding RNAs in Cancer: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications.

Non-coding RNAs have gathered significant attention for their unique roles in biological regulation. Across a broad spectrum of developmental processes and diseases, particularly in human malignancies, ncRNAs play pivotal roles in regulatory mechanisms. MicroRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and small nucleolar RNAs stand out among the diverse forms of ncRNAs that have been implicated in cancer.

Resveratrol: A Natural Compound Targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Neurological Diseases.

Neurological diseases (NDs), including neurodegenerative disorders and acute injuries, are a significant global health concern. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, a crucial signaling cascade, is responsible for the survival of cells, proliferation, and metabolism. Dysregulation of this pathway has been linked to neurological conditions, indicating its potential as a vital target for therapeutic approaches.

Carotenoids as modulators of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway: innovative strategies in cancer therapy.

Cancer progression is primarily driven by the uncontrolled activation of cellular signaling pathways, with the PI3K/Akt/mTOR (PAMT) pathway playing a central role. This pathway significantly contributes to the proliferation and survival of cancer cells, and its hyperactivity is a major challenge in managing several types of malignancies. This article delves into the promising potential of carotenoids, natural pigments found in abundance in fruits and vegetables, as a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.

Cellular stress response and neuroprotection of flavonoids in neurodegenerative diseases: Clinical insights into targeted therapy and molecular signaling pathways.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are caused by the gradual decline of neuronal structure and function, which presents significant challenges in treatment. Cellular stress responses significantly impact the pathophysiology of these disorders, often exacerbating neuronal damage. Plant-derived flavonoids have demonstrated potential as neuroprotective agents due to their potent anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant properties.

Mesalamine loaded ethyl cellulose nanoparticles: optimization andevaluation of antioxidant potential in ulcerative colitis.

This study aimed to optimize mesalamine (MES)-nanoparticles (NPs) using Box Behnken Design and investigate itsantioxidant potential in colon drug targeting. The formulation was prepared using oil/water (O/W) emulsion solvent evaporation technique for time dependent colonic delivery. The optimal formulation with the following parameters composition was selected: polymer concentration (% w/w) (A) = 0.

Integration of cost-effective datasets to improve predictability of strategic noise mapping in transport corridors in Delhi city, India.

Assessing exposure to environmental noise levels at transport corridors remains complex in conditions where no standardized noise prediction model is available. In planning and policy implementation for noise control, noise mapping is an important step. In the present study, land use regression model has been developed to predict the environmental noise levels in Delhi city, India, using previously developed approaches along with machine learning techniques, however improved using new datasets.

Phytochemicals and Their Nanoformulations for Targeting Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Exploring Potential and Targeting Strategies.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to pose a global health concern, necessitating the exploration of innovative therapeutic approaches. In the recent decade, targeting tumor stroma consisting of extracellular matrix (ECM), immune cells, vascular system, hypoxia, and also suppressive mechanisms in HCC has attracted interest in repressing tumor growth and metastasis. Phytochemicals have attained considerable attention because of their manifold biological effects and high capacity for anticancer activities.

Gradual chromosomal lagging drive programmed genome elimination in hemiclonal fishes from the genus Hypseleotris.

Most eukaryotes maintain the stability of their cellular genome sizes to ensure genome transmission to offspring through sexual reproduction. However, some alter their genome size by selectively eliminating parts or increasing ploidy at specific developmental stages. This phenomenon of genome elimination or whole genome duplication occurs in animal hybrids reproducing asexually.