Liver cirrhosis, a severe scarring condition of the liver with the potential to progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), necessitates the development of reliable biomarkers for early detection due to the asymptomatic nature of its early stages. Recent discoveries in microRNAs (miRNAs) hold promise for a noninvasive test, with the potential to significantly improve patient outcomes. Building upon these promising findings, this study investigates gene expression data, identifying distinct sets of DEGs and DEMs using GEO2R.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRice blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, reigns as the top-most cereal killer, jeopardizing global food security. This necessitates the timely scouting of pathogen stress-responsive genes during the early infection stages. Thus, we integrated time-series microarray (GSE95394) and RNA-Seq (GSE131641) datasets to decipher rice transcriptome responses at 12- and 24-h post-infection (Hpi).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarlier diagnosis of lung cancer is crucial for reducing mortality and morbidity in high-risk patients. Liquid biopsy is a critical technique for detecting the cancer earlier and tracking the treatment outcomes. However, noninvasive biomarkers are desperately needed due to the lack of therapeutic sensitivity and early-stage diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Rice blast disease, caused by , is the most devastating cereal killer worldwide. Note that melanin pigment is an essential factor of virulence, thus fungicides interfering with melanin biosynthesizing enzymes would reduce the pathogenicity. Scytalone dehydratase (SDH) is the key target for commercial fungicides, like carpropamid, due to its role in the dehydration reaction of the fungal melanin pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPesticides are widely used in agriculture but at the same time, a majority of them are known to cause serious harm to health and the environment. In the recent past, laccases have been reported as key enzymes having the ability to degrade pollutants by converting them into less toxic forms. In this investigation, laccase from polyextremophilic bacterium C-125 was analyzed for its structural, physicochemical, and functional characterization using in approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDysregulation of MAPK pathway receptors are crucial in causing uncontrolled cell proliferation in many cancer types including non-small cell lung cancer. Due to the complications in targeting the upstream components, MEK is an appealing target to diminish this pathway activity. Hence, we have aimed to discover potent MEK inhibitors by integrating virtual screening and machine learning-based strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunotherapy is revamping the therapeutic strategies for TNBC owing to its higher mutational burden and tumour-associated antigens. One of the most intriguing developments in cancer immunotherapy is the focus on peptide-based cancer vaccines. Thus, the current work aims to develop an efficient peptide-based vaccine against TNBC that targets Sema4A, which has recently been identified as a major regulator of TNBC progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide accounting about 85% of total lung cancer cases. The receptor REarranged during Transfection (RET) plays an important role by ligand independent activation of kinase domain resulting in carcinogenesis. Presently, the treatment for RET driven NSCLC is limited to multiple kinase inhibitors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe MAPK pathway is important in human lung cancer and is improperly activated in a substantial proportion through number of ways. Strategies on dual-targeting RAF and MEK are an alternative option to diminish the limitations in this pathway inhibition. Hence, we implemented parallel pharmacophore screening of 11,808 DrugBank compounds against RAF and MEK.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Human Betaherpesviruses HHV-5 and HHV-6 are quite inimical in immunocompromised hosts individually. A co-infection of both has been surmised to be far more disastrous. This can be attributed to a synergetic effect of their combined pathologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRearranged during transfection (RET) is an oncogenic driver receptor that is overexpressed in several cancer types, including non-small cell lung cancer. To date, only multiple kinase inhibitors are widely used to treat RET-positive cancer patients. These inhibitors exhibit high toxicity, less efficacy, and specificity against RET.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRearranged during transfection (RET) is a tyrosine kinase oncogenic receptor, activated in several cancers including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Multiple kinase inhibitors vandetanib and cabozantinib are commonly used in the treatment of RET-positive NSCLC. However, specificity, toxicity, and reduced efficacy limit the usage of multiple kinase inhibitors in targeting RET protein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Biochem Biotechnol
December 2021
In vivo micronucleus assay is the widely used genotoxic test to determine the extent of chromosomal aberrations caused by the chemicals in human beings, which plays a significant role in the drug discovery paradigm. To reduce the uncertainties of the in vivo experiments and the expenses, we intended to develop novel machine learning-based tools to predict the toxicity of the compounds with high precision. A total of 372 compounds with known toxicity information were retrieved from the PubChem Bioassay database and literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArtificial intelligence has illustrated drastic changes in radiology and medical imaging techniques which in turn led to tremendous changes in screening patterns. In particular, advancements in these techniques led to the development of computer aided detection (CAD) strategy. These approaches provided highly accurate diagnostic reports which served as a "second-opinion" to the radiologists.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe current outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been affecting millions of people and has caused devastating mortality worldwide. Moreover, it is to be noted that cytokine storm has become an important cause for the rising mortality. However, the efforts for the development of drugs, vaccines and treatment has also been intervened due to poor understanding of host's defense mechanism and also due to the development of cytokine storm against this viral infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOver the years, phytochemical compounds have shown compelling evidences in exhibiting powerful antitumor properties. Moreover, due to the lack of safety and high cost of cancer therapies, opportunities are being sought out in these compounds as an alternative treatment modality. Therefore, in the present study, 1,574 compounds from NPACT library were examined to excavate potent and nontoxic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA pre-eminent subtype of lung carcinoma, Non-small cell lung cancer accounts for paramount causes of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Undeterred by the endeavour in the treatment strategies, the overall cure and survival rates for NSCLC remain substandard, particularly in metastatic diseases. Moreover, the emergence of resistance to classic anticancer drugs further deteriorates the situation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug repurposing is a powerful technique which has been recently employed in both industry and academia to discover and validate previously approved drugs for new indications. It provides the quickest possible transition from bench to bedside. In essence, computational strategies are appealing because they putatively nominate the most encouraging candidate for a given indication.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug resistant S. typhimurium pose important public health problem. The development of effective drugs with novel mechanism(s) of action is needed to overcome issues pertaining to drug resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is the most important serotype of Salmonella transmitted from animals to humans in most parts of the world. They are associated with an estimated 1 million deaths annually. Quinolones, an important class of broad-spectrum antimicrobials, have been utilized as a treatment option for salmonellosis for over 40 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe growing incidence rate of breast cancer, coupled with cellular chemotherapeutic resistance, has made this disease one of the most prevalent cancers among women worldwide. Despite the recent efforts to understand the underlying cause of the resistance due to mutation, there are no feasible tactics to overcome this bottleneck. This issue could be addressed by the concept of polypharmacology-disguising drugs present in the pharmacopeia for novel purposes (drug repurposing).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Salmonella typhimurium is the main cause of gastrointestinal illness in humans, and treatment options are decreasing because drug-resistant strains have emerged.
Objective: The objective of this study was to use computational drug repurposing to identify a novel candidate with an effective mechanism of action to circumvent the drug resistance.
Methods: We used the Mantra 2.