Publications by authors named "Shanta Dutta"

Article Synopsis
  • Cholera cases have surged in various regions, particularly in Kolkata, aiming to identify hotspots and understand the influence of sociodemographic factors and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) on cholera distribution from 2021 to 2023.
  • The study utilized advanced spatial analysis techniques to detect cholera clusters, revealing significant clustering in specific Kolkata wards and a median distance of about 188 meters between cases, indicating localized transmission patterns.
  • A case-control study demonstrated that males are at a higher risk of contracting cholera, with a significant adjusted odds ratio of 2.4, highlighting the importance of addressing gender-specific factors in cholera prevention efforts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The growing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) necessitates the development of new treatment methods to combat diseases like cholera. Lytic bacteriophages are viruses that specifically target and lyse bacteria upon infection, making them a possible treatment option for multi-drug-resistant pathogens. The current study investigated the potential role of bacteriophages isolated from clinical stool and sewage water samples in treating multi-drug-resistant infection, finding that over 95% of the strains were susceptible.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Anti-microbial stewardship program (AMSP) is practiced only in tertiary hospitals in India, though, the lower tier hospitals remain the first point of contact in patient care. This study was conducted in lower tier hospitals to calculate antibiotic and multiple antibiotic prescription rate (APR, MPR) for common infections and finding existing strength of health system for optimizing antibiotic prescription. We conducted a cross sectional convergent parallel mix-method study in eight lower tier hospitals of three districts of West Bengal, India.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We reviewed and analyzed the existing data on vibriosis in Southeast Asia to better understand its burden and prevalent causal agents. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE for studies published between January 2000 and April 2024. A random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled isolation rate of non-cholera Vibrio species.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Campylobacter and invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) are among the most common causative agents of gastroenteritis worldwide. As of now, no single combination licensed vaccine is available for public health use against both iNTS and Campylobacter species. Outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanoscale proteoliposomes released from the surface of gram-negative bacteria during log phase and harbor a variety of immunogenic proteins.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Epidemiological studies on amoebic infections are complicated due to morphologically identical and clinically important Entamoeba species. Therefore, newer, simpler, and more economical diagnostic techniques are required for differentiating clinically important Entamoeba species.

Methods: We developed a single-round multiplex PCR assay to identify E.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Giardia duodenalis is a major cause of diarrhea in low-resource areas, necessitating quick and affordable detection methods for studies and clinical use.
  • A new multiplex PCR-RFLP technique targeting the tpi gene was developed and successfully identified Giardia in 6.33% of clinical samples while classifying them into different genetic groups.
  • The method showed high reliability with sensitivity at 94.2%, specificity at 100%, and accuracy at 97.1%, making it a promising tool for diagnosing giardiasis effectively and economically.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • In 2018, the Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation launched a typhoid vaccine campaign aimed at children aged 9 months to 14 years.
  • The study analyzed factors influencing vaccine receipt using statistical methods and found that school enrollment, low household income, and community-level socioeconomic status significantly increased vaccine uptake.
  • The campaign effectively targeted and vaccinated underserved populations, improving access to healthcare among the most vulnerable demographics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

One of the five high-level goals under Phase V of the National AIDS and STD Control Programme (NACP) of the Government of India is the elimination of vertical transmission of HIV. In this paper, we estimate the potential impact of maintaining and enhancing the anti-retroviral treatment under the NACP in terms of averting new infections and vertical transmission rates vis-à-vis no intervention scenario. We used India's HIV Estimates 2022 models to create treatment coverage scenarios of no interventions, status quo, business as usual, on-track and fast-track scenarios from 2023 to 2030.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The application of antibiotics in the poultry and veterinary sectors is very common practice in India. Owing to the seriousness of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the present study has illustrated the overall scenario of AMR in the poultry and veterinary sectors in India through an in-depth scoping review and key informant interview (KII). In the poultry sector, most of the studies reviewed have reported resistant bacteria isolated from chicken meat, eggs, cloacal swabs, and fecal samples, and only a few have reported the presence of resistant bacteria in and around the environment of poultry farms.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

FTY720 or fingolimod is a known functional antagonist of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and it is effective in treating multiple sclerosis and preventing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Evidence shows that its use in mice can increase the susceptibility to mucosal infections. Despite the significant contribution of S1P to barrier function, the effect of the administration of FTY720 on the mucosal barrier has never been investigated.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Typbar-TCV®, a typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV), was prequalified by the World Health Organization in 2017. We evaluated its effectiveness in a mass vaccination program targeting children 9 months to 14 years in Navi Mumbai, India, from September 2018 to July 2020. We compared laboratory-confirmed typhoid cases from six clinical sites with age-matched community controls.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Dengue fever is a rapidly emerging tropical disease and an important cause of morbidity in its severe form worldwide. A wide spectrum of the pathophysiology is associated with the transition of dengue fever to severe dengue, which is driven by the host immune response and might reflect in patients' proteome profile. This study aims to analyze the plasma from different phases of dengue-infected patients at two time points.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Giardiasis is a prevalent parasitic diarrheal disease caused by Giardia lamblia, affecting people worldwide. Recently, the availability of several drugs for its treatment has highlighted issues such as multidrug resistance, limited effectiveness and undesirable side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to develop alternative new drugs and treatment strategies that can enhance therapeutic outcomes and effectively treat giardiasis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We meta-analyzed the diagnostic accuracy of rapid diagnostic tests (dipsticks) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method to detect Shigella species. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Google Scholar from inception to 2023 for studies reporting on the performance of Shigella dipstick and LAMP tests compared with culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Our search identified 2618 studies, of which fourteen met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * Out of 405 stool samples, RLDT identified more cases of Shigella (21%) and ETEC (17%) compared to traditional methods like qPCR and culture, demonstrating a high level of accuracy with sensitivities of 93% for Shigella and 98% for ETEC.
  • * The findings suggest that RLDT is a user-friendly and effective tool for disease surveillance in resource-poor settings, allowing for
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Chronic gastritis is one of the major symptoms of gastro-duodenal disorders typically induced by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). To date, no suitable model is available to study pathophysiology and therapeutic measures accurately.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background Objectives: West Bengal is a dengue-endemic State in India, with all four dengue serotypes in co-circulation. The present study was conceived to determine the changing trends of circulating dengue virus (DENV) serotypes in five consecutive years (2015-2019) using a geographic information system (GIS) during the dengue season in West Bengal, India.

Methods: Molecular serotyping of dengue NS1 sero-reactive serum samples from individuals with ≤5 days of fever was performed using conventional nested reverse transcriptase-PCR.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * The study utilized a multilocus sequence typing system to analyze genetic variations in 68 positive samples, successfully sequencing 33 samples across three key genetic markers and identifying 17 distinct genotypes, with M1 being strongly linked to increased diarrhoeal incidence.
  • * Findings revealed single-nucleotide polymorphisms that could serve as genetic markers for identifying pathogenic isolates, with one locus (apc) showing the most genetic diversity, suggesting its importance in the parasite's evolution and virulence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * Out of 1,978 records, 21 studies were analyzed, revealing high rates of undernutrition: stunting at 29.39%, wasting at 12.76%, and underweight at 24.05%, with Southeast Asian regions showing the highest rates.
  • * The findings highlight the urgent need for improved public food distribution, better healthcare access, and healthcare coverage to address the high levels of undernutrition in these vulnerable populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF