Clinical and Prognostic Differences in Mild to Moderate COPD With and Without Emphysema.

Background: The clinical and prognostic characteristics of mild-to-moderate COPD with and without emphysema remain inadequately investigated.

Research Question: Do the clinical and prognostic characteristics differ between mild- to-moderate COPD with and without emphysema?

Study Design And Methods: We obtained clinical data of 989 participants with mild-to-moderate COPD from the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study (SPIROMICS). They were categorized into 2 groups based on their baseline low-attention lung voxels with a density < -950 Hounsfield units of < 5% on CT scans: mild-to-moderate COPD with emphysema (EC) group and mild-to-moderate COPD without emphysema (NEC) group.

The roles of bacteria and viruses in COPD-Bronchiectasis association: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Exacerbations are implicated in bronchiectasis and COPD, which frequently co-exist [COPD-Bronchiectasis association (CBA)]. We aimed to determine the bacterial and viral spectrum at stable-state and exacerbation onset of CBA, and their association with exacerbations and clinical outcomes of CBA as compared with bronchiectasis.

Methods: We prospectively collected spontaneous sputum from adults with CBA, bronchiectasis with (BO) and without airflow obstruction (BNO) for bacterial culture and viral detection at stable-state and exacerbations.

Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia: a pairwise and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background: The role of prophylactic antibiotics in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unclear. This network meta-analysis compared the efficacy and safety of antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing VAP in an IMV population in intensive-care units (ICUs).

Methods: We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to December 2021, to identify relevant studies assessing the impact of prophylactic antibiotics on the incidence of VAP, the mortality, and the duration of ICU stays and hospitalization to perform a meta-analysis.

Efficacy of positive airway pressure therapy and high flow nasal cannula oxygen in acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Introduction: Positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy is currently the first-line respiratory support technique for acute respiratory failure (ARF) due to acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE), but the accompanied adverse events and patient's intolerance with treatment in some cases limited its use in clinical practice. Some recent trials indicated that high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNO) is a promising alternative to PAP therapy. In order to choose the optimum treatment for patients with ACPE, this network meta-analysis will firstly compares the efficacy of HFNO, PAP, and conventional oxygen therapy (COT).

Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 Resurgence in Areas Initially Under Control.

To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and infection routes of new cases in order to provide information for preventing COVID-19 resurgence in areas initially under control. The information of new symptomatic and asymptomatic patients in Chinese mainland was collected. The location distribution, epidemic course, infection routes and patients' characteristics of outbreaks were described and analyzed.

Prevention of IL-6 signaling ameliorates toluene diisocyanate-induced steroid-resistant asthma.

Background: Accumulating evidence indicated the crucial role for interleukin 6 (IL-6) signaling in the development of allergic asthma. Yet, the role of IL-6 signaling in toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced mixed granulocytic airway inflammation still remains unclear. Thus, the aims of this study were to dissect the role of IL-6 signaling and to evaluate the effect of tocilizumab on TDI-induced steroid-resistant asthma.

Noninvasive Ventilation in Patients With COVID-19-Related Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been used to alleviate hypoxemia and dyspnea, but there is no consensus on the application of NIV in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Some staff use NIV as the rescue therapy which might lead to the adverse outcomes. This study was to identify early factors associated with intubation to help the medical staff select appropriate patients for receiving NIV treatment.

Greenhouse gases emissions from duckweed pond system treating polyester resin wastewater containing 1,4-dioxane and heavy metals.

Phytoremediation of polyester resin wastewater containing 1,4-dioxane and heavy metals using Lemna gibba (L.gibba) was enhanced by incorporation of perforated polyethylene carrier materials (PCM) onto the duckweed pond (DWP) system. The DWP module was operated at a hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 2, 4 and 6 days and as well as 1,4-dioxane loading rate of 16, 25 and 48 g/m.