A safe insect-based chikungunya fever vaccine affords rapid and durable protection in cynomolgus macaques.

Eilat (EILV)/chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an insect-based chimeric alphavirus was previously reported to protect mice months after a single dose vaccination. The underlying mechanisms of host protection are not clearly defined. Here, we assessed the capacity of EILV/CHIKV to induce quick and durable protection in cynomolgus macaques.

Pain Following Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Importance: Studies characterizing pain and pain management following obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) are limited.

Objectives: Our primary objective was to analyze time to pain resolution following OASI. Secondary objectives included analyzing pain severity, location, triggers, and patterns of pain medication use.

A multispecific antibody against SARS-CoV-2 prevents immune escape in vitro and confers prophylactic protection in vivo.

Despite effective countermeasures, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) persists worldwide because of its ability to diversify and evade human immunity. This evasion stems from amino acid substitutions, particularly in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein that confers resistance to vaccine-induced antibodies and antibody therapeutics. To constrain viral escape through resistance mutations, we combined antibody variable regions that recognize different RBD sites into multispecific antibodies.

Cosmetic Gynecology: Is There Enough Exposure in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency?

Introduction  While cosmetic gynecology has gained popularity, the training experience for obstetrics and gynecology residents in this area is limited and not standardized. The primary objective was to investigate the exposure of obstetrics and gynecology residents to cosmetic gynecologic procedures including hymenoplasty, labia majora reduction, vaginoplasty, G-spot amplification, labiaplasty, clitoral hood reduction, and vaginal laser therapy. The secondary objective was to assess their comfort in performing the procedures after graduation.

Virtual Compared With In-Office Postoperative Visits After Urogynecologic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To compare patient satisfaction, health care resource utilization, and adverse events among patients receiving a virtual video compared with in-office postoperative visit after urogynecologic surgery. We hypothesized that virtual video visits would be noninferior to in-office visits.

Methods: This was a randomized noninferiority clinical trial of patients undergoing surgery for pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence at a single academic tertiary referral center.

Adjuvanted subunit intranasal vaccine prevents SARS-CoV-2 onward transmission in hamsters.

Unlabelled: Most COVID-19 vaccine trials have focused on recipient protection, not protection of their contacts, a critical need. As a subunit intranasal COVID-19 vaccine reduced nasopharyngeal virus more than did an intramuscular (IM) vaccine, we hypothesized that this vaccine might reduce onward transmission to others. We vaccinated hamsters with either the IM-administrated Moderna mRNA vaccine twice or one dose of mRNA IM followed by adjuvanted subunit intranasal vaccine.

Healthcare Resource Utilization Following Minimally Invasive Sacrocolpopexy: Impact of Concomitant Rectopexy.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Combined surgical procedures with sacrocolpopexy (SCP) and rectopexy (RP) are more commonly being performed for treatment of multicompartment pelvic organ prolapse. This study aimed to compare healthcare resource utilization (HRU) within 6 weeks following combined surgery (SCP-RP) versus SCP alone (SCP-only). We hypothesized that concomitant RP does not impact HRU.

Albumin Proteins as Delivery Vehicles for PFAS Contaminants into Respiratory Membranes.

Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a family of chemicals that have been used in a wide range of commercial products. While their use is declining, the prevalence of PFAS, combined with their chemical longevity, ensures that detectable levels will remain in the environment for years to come. As such, there is a pressing need to understand how PFAS contaminants interact with other elements of the human exposome and the consequences of these interactions for human health.

Restrictive opioid prescribing after surgery for prolapse and incontinence: a randomized, noninferiority trial.

Background: Opioids are routinely prescribed for postoperative pain control after gynecologic surgery with growing evidence showing that most prescribed opioids go unused. Restrictive opioid prescribing has been implemented in other surgical specialties to combat the risk for opioid misuse and diversion. The impact of this practice in the urogynecologic patient population is unknown.

Patient Outcomes After Robotic Ventral Rectopexy With Sacrocolpopexy.

Importance: As few studies exist examining postoperative functional outcomes in patients undergoing robotic sacrocolpopexy and ventral rectopexy, results from this study can help guide surgeons in counseling patients on their outcomes.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate functional outcomes and overall postoperative satisfaction as measured by the Pelvic Floor Disability Index 20 (PFDI-20), Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-12), and Patient Global Impression of Improvement Scale (PGI-I) in patients who underwent combined robotic ventral rectopexy and sacrocolpopexy for concomitant pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and rectal prolapse or intussusception (RP/I).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort and survey study of patients with combined POP and RP/I who underwent the previously mentioned surgical repair between January 2018 and July 2021.

Vaginal hysteropexy compared with vaginal hysterectomy with apical suspension for the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse: A 5-year cost-effectiveness Markov model.

Objective: Our objective was to perform a 5-year cost-effectiveness analysis of transvaginal hysteropexy (HP) via sacrospinous ligament fixation (SS) or uterosacral ligament suspension (US) versus vaginal hysterectomy (VH) with apical suspension via sacrospinous ligament fixation (SS) or uterosacral ligament suspension (US) for the treatment of uterine prolapse.

Design: A decision analytic model assessed the cost-effectiveness of the surgical intervention over a 5-year horizon.

Setting: This model was constructed using TreeAge® software.

Surgical correction of the genital hiatus at the time of sacrocolpopexy - a 7-year Markov analysis: a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Introduction And Hypothesis: To perform a cost-effectiveness analysis of concurrent posterior repair performed at the time of laparoscopic hysterectomy with sacrocolpopexy over a 7-year time period. We hypothesize it is not cost-effective to perform a posterior colporrhaphy.

Methods: We used TreeAge Pro® to construct a decision model with Markov modeling to compare sacrocolpopexy with and without concurrent posterior repair (SCP and SCP+PR) over a time horizon of 7 years.

Trends in Urogynecologic Surgery Among Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents From 2002 to 2022.

Importance: The number of American women with a pelvic floor disorder is projected to increase from 28.1 million in 2010 to 43.8 million in 2050.

Medium-Term Outcomes of Conservative and Surgical Treatments for Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Medicare Claims Analysis: Developed by the AUGS Payment Reform Committee.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the 3- to 5-year retreatment outcomes for conservatively and surgically treated urinary incontinence (UI) in a population of women 66 years and older.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used 5% Medicare data to evaluate UI retreatment outcomes of women undergoing physical therapy (PT), pessary treatment, or sling surgery. The data set used inpatient, outpatient, and carrier claims from 2008 to 2016 in women 66 years and older with fee-for-service coverage.

Sexual Function in Women at 6 and 12 Months After Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury: Is Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy Associated With Improved Outcomes?

Importance: Women with obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) are at increased risk of postpartum sexual dysfunction. Risk persists beyond 3 years after perineal trauma in up to half of patients with OASI.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine if postpartum pelvic floor physical therapy (PFPT) is associated with improved sexual function after vaginal delivery with OASI and to describe sexual function in patients with OASI at 6 and 12 months postpartum.

Characterization of Ebola Virus Mucosal Challenge Routes in Cynomolgus Macaques.

(EBOV) causes Ebola virus disease (EVD), a devastating viral hemorrhagic fever in humans. Nonhuman primate (NHP) models of EVD traditionally use intramuscular infection with higher case fatality rates and reduced mean time-to-death compared to contact transmission typical of human cases of EVD. A cynomolgus macaque model of oral and conjunctival EBOV was used to further characterize the more clinically relevant contact transmission of EVD.

Nonhome Discharge in Patients Undergoing Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery: A National Analysis.

Importance: Discharge to home after surgery has been recognized as a determinant of long-term survival and is a common concern in the elderly population.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the incidence and risk factors for nonhome discharge in patients undergoing major surgery for pelvic organ prolapse.

Study Design: We performed a retrospective cohort study using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database from 2010 to 2018.

The Impact of Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy on Bladder and Bowel Function After Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury.

Importance: Women with obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) are at increased risk of pelvic floor disorders. No standard of care exists for management of pelvic floor dysfunction after OASI.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate the impact of pelvic floor physical therapy (PFPT) on bladder and bowel function after OASI and to describe adherence to PFPT.

Evaluation of molnupiravir (EIDD-2801) efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 in the rhesus macaque model.

Molnupiravir (EIDD-2801) is a prodrug of a ribonucleoside analogue that is currently being used under a US FDA emergency use authorization for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19. We evaluated molnupiravir for efficacy as an oral treatment in the rhesus macaque model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Twenty non-human primates (NHPs) were challenged with SARS-CoV-2 and treated with 75 mg/kg (n = 8) or 250 mg/kg (n = 8) of molnupiravir twice daily by oral gavage for 7 days.

Racial and socioeconomic disparities in cost and postoperative complications following sacrocolpopexy in a US National Inpatient Database.

Purpose: We sought to determine the association between socioeconomic factors, procedural costs, and postoperative complications among patients who underwent sacrocolpopexy.

Methods: The 2016-2017 US National Inpatient Sample from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project was used to identify females > 18 years of age with an ICD10 diagnosis code of apical prolapse who received open or laparoscopic/robotic sacrocolpopexy. We analyzed relationships between socioeconomic factors, procedural costs, and postoperative complications in these patients.

Review of Vaginal Approaches to Apical Prolapse Repair.

Purpose Of Review: To review recent literature and provide up-to-date knowledge on new and important findings in vaginal approaches to apical prolapse surgery.

Recent Findings: Overall prolapse recurrence rates following transvaginal apical prolapse repair range from 13.7 to 70.

Postoperative void trial failure and same-day discharge following apical pelvic organ prolapse surgery: a retrospective matched case-control study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Robust data comparing the timing of voiding trials following prolapse surgery are lacking. Filling in these knowledge gaps would be helpful in counseling patients preoperatively about the concerns regarding same-day discharge. We aimed to compare the rate of a failed void trial after apical pelvic organ prolapse (POP) repair between patients who were discharged on the day of surgery versus those discharged on postoperative day 1.