Hair care: Stem cells control immune response during wound repair.

Stem cells heal wounds. In this issue of Immunity, Luan et al. demonstrate that epidermal stem cells orchestrate the recruitment of regulatory T (Treg) cells and neutrophils during wound healing.

Quiescent cancer cells resist T cell attack by forming an immunosuppressive niche.

Immunotherapy is a promising treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but patients relapse, highlighting the need to understand the mechanisms of resistance. We discovered that in primary breast cancer, tumor cells that resist T cell attack are quiescent. Quiescent cancer cells (QCCs) form clusters with reduced immune infiltration.

Prognostic Value of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score in Critically-Ill Combat-Injured Patients.

Infection is a frequent and serious complication after combat-related trauma. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score has been shown to have predictive value for outcomes, including sepsis and mortality, among various populations. We evaluated the prognostic ability of SOFA score in a combat-related trauma population.

Dysgonomonas capnocytophagoides Bacteremia in a Patient With Stage IV Colon Adenocarcinoma.

 bacteremia is a rare clinical entity described in only five case reports. Difficulties in the identification and intrinsic multidrug resistance (MDR) of the organism make diagnosis and treatment challenging. We present a case of  bacteremia which highlights the diagnostic and treatment challenges posed by this organism.

Notes from the Field: Outbreak of Campylobacter jejuni Associated with Consuming Undercooked Chicken Liver Mousse - Clark County, Washington, 2016.

On July 13, 2016, Clark County (Washington) Public Health (CCPH) received a report of diarrheal illness in four of seven members of a single party who dined at a local restaurant on July 6, 2016. The report was received through an online/telephone system for reporting food service-associated illness complaints. Members of the five households in the party reported that their only shared exposure was the restaurant meal.

The Hippo pathway effector YAP is an essential regulator of ductal progenitor patterning in the mouse submandibular gland.

Salivary glands, such as submandibular glands (SMGs), are composed of branched epithelial ductal networks that terminate in acini that together produce, transport and secrete saliva. Here, we show that the transcriptional regulator Yap, a key effector of the Hippo pathway, is required for the proper patterning and morphogenesis of SMG epithelium. Epithelial deletion of in developing SMGs results in the loss of ductal structures, arising from reduced expression of the EGF family member Epiregulin, which we show is required for the expansion of Krt5/Krt14-positive ductal progenitors.

Kindergarten children's sensitivity to geometry in maps.

Geometrical concepts are critical to a host of human cognitive achievements, from maps to measurement to mathematics, and both the development of these concepts, and their variation by gender, have long been studied. Most studies of geometrical reasoning, however, present children with materials containing both geometric and non-geometric information, and with tasks that are open to multiple solution strategies. Here we present kindergarten children with a task requiring a focus on geometry: navigation in a small-scale space by a purely geometric map.

Non-symbolic arithmetic abilities and mathematics achievement in the first year of formal schooling.

Children take years to learn symbolic arithmetic. Nevertheless, non-human animals, human adults with no formal education, and human infants represent approximate number in arrays of objects and sequences of events, and they use these capacities to perform approximate addition and subtraction. Do children harness these abilities when they begin to learn school mathematics? In two experiments in different schools, kindergarten children from diverse backgrounds were tested on their non-symbolic arithmetic abilities during the school year, as well as on their mastery of number words and symbols.

Symbolic arithmetic knowledge without instruction.

Symbolic arithmetic is fundamental to science, technology and economics, but its acquisition by children typically requires years of effort, instruction and drill. When adults perform mental arithmetic, they activate nonsymbolic, approximate number representations, and their performance suffers if this nonsymbolic system is impaired. Nonsymbolic number representations also allow adults, children, and even infants to add or subtract pairs of dot arrays and to compare the resulting sum or difference to a third array, provided that only approximate accuracy is required.