Rapid upwards spread of non-native plants in mountains across continents.

High-elevation ecosystems are among the few ecosystems worldwide that are not yet heavily invaded by non-native plants. This is expected to change as species expand their range limits upwards to fill their climatic niches and respond to ongoing anthropogenic disturbances. Yet, whether and how quickly these changes are happening has only been assessed in a few isolated cases.

Trends in postgraduate year 2 pharmacy residencies.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to quantify the growth and trends in postgraduate year 2 (PGY2) pharmacy residencies.

Methods: Summaries of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) Resident Matching Program from 2008 to 2021 were obtained. Only standalone PGY2 residencies were included in the analysis.

Evaluation of pharmacists' awareness of illegal online pharmacies and perceived impact on safe access to medicines.

Background: An estimated 95% of all online pharmacies operate unlawfully. Illegal online pharmacies distribute substandard and falsified medical products that may result in patient harm and suboptimal treatment, leading to an overall mistrust of medications, healthcare providers, and health systems. As medication experts, pharmacists are trusted to guide patients in selection of safe and effective medication therapy.

Impact of Proactive Integrated Care on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Up to 50% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients do not receive recommended care for COPD. To address this issue, we developed Proactive Integrated Care (Proactive iCare), a health care delivery model that couples integrated care with remote monitoring.

Methods: We conducted a prospective, quasi-randomized clinical trial in 511 patients with advanced COPD or a recent COPD exacerbation, to test whether Proactive iCare impacts patient-centered outcomes and health care utilization.

Molecular Characterization of Resistance to Soybean Rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & Syd.) in Soybean Cultivar DT 2000 (PI 635999).

Resistance to soybean rust (SBR), caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & Syd., has been identified in many soybean germplasm accessions and is conferred by either dominant or recessive genes that have been mapped to six independent loci (Rpp1 -Rpp6), but No U.

Partial nitritation ANAMMOX in submerged attached growth bioreactors with smart aeration at 20 °C.

Submerged attached growth bioreactors (SAGBs) were operated at 20 °C for 30 weeks in smart-aerated, partial nitritation ANAMMOX mode and in a timer-controlled, cyclic aeration mode. The smart-aerated SAGBs removed 48-53% of total nitrogen (TN) compared to 45% for SAGBs with timed aeration. Low dissolved oxygen concentrations and cyclic pH patterns in the smart-aerated SAGBs suggested conditions favorable to partial nitritation ANAMMOX and stoichiometrically-derived and numerically modeled estimations attributed 63-68% and 14-44% of TN removal to partial nitritation ANAMMOX in these bioreactors, respectively.

Carbinoxaminium dipicrate.

In the dication of the title salt, C16H21ClN2O(2+)·2C6H2N3O7 (-) [systematic name: 2-{(4-chloro-phen-yl)[2-(di-methyl-aza-nium-yl)eth-oxy]meth-yl}pyridinium bis-(2,4,6-tri-nitro-phenolate), contains a carbinoxaminium dication and two picrate anions, which are held together through inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. In the dication, the two aromatic rings form a dihedral angle of 80.1 (1)°.

Novel quantitative trait loci for broad-based resistance to soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) in soybean PI 567516C.

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is the most destructive pest of soybean worldwide. Host plant resistance is an effective approach to control this pest. Plant introduction PI 567516C has been reported to be highly resistant to multiple-HG types of SCN.

Drench treatments for management of larval Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in field-grown balled and burlapped nursery plants.

Insecticide drenches were applied to postharvest field-grown nursery plants harvested as 60-cm-diameter balled and burlapped (B&B) root balls for controlling third instars of Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos, lambda-cyhalothrin, and thiamethoxam were drench-applied in fall and spring tests at volumes of runoff (1X; approximately equal 2.57 liters per drench per root ball) or twice runoff (2X).

Chlorpyrifos immersion to eliminate third instars of Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in balled and burlapped trees and subsequent treatment effects on red maple.

This study examined chlorpyrifos immersion of balled and burlapped (B&B) nursery trees for elimination of third instars of Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), and for phytotoxicity on red maple, Acer rubrum L. Trees were harvested as 45- and 60-cm-diameter B&B and immersed in chlorpyrifos at U.S.

Mosquitoes infected with West Nile virus in the Florida Keys, Monroe County, Florida, USA.

More than 30,000 mosquitoes in 22 species or species groups were collected from the Florida Keys, Monroe County, FL, USA, in dry ice-baited light and gravid traps. Dry ice-baited traps collected more mosquitoes than did gravid traps. West Nile virus was detected in pools of Anopheles atropos Dyar & Knab, Deinocerites cancer Theobald, and Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus (Wiedemann).