Antimicrobial Prescription Practices and Stewardship in Washington State Small and Mixed Animal Veterinary Medicine.

Introduction: Judicious antimicrobial use is essential for the continued treatment of infections in small and mixed animal veterinary medicine. To better support Washington (WA) State veterinarians in antimicrobial stewardship, we surveyed licensed small and mixed animal veterinarians and led group conversations regarding antimicrobial prescription practices.

Methods: Survey questions included demographic information, factors influencing prescription practices and clinical cases.

Temporal analysis suggests a reciprocal relationship between 3D chromatin structure and transcription.

To infer potential causal relationships between 3D chromatin structure, enhancers, and gene transcription, we mapped each feature in a genome-wide fashion across eight narrowly spaced time points of macrophage activation. Enhancers and genes connected by loops exhibit stronger correlations between histone H3K27 acetylation and expression than can be explained by genomic distance or physical proximity alone. At these looped enhancer-promoter pairs, changes in acetylation at distal enhancers precede changes in gene expression.

Segmental resection for the treatment of congenital pulmonary malformations.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare clinical outcomes of segmental resection to lobectomy as increasing antenatal diagnosis of congenital pulmonary malformations has led to a shift in surgical management.

Methods: A retrospective institutional review for patients undergoing surgical excision of congenital pulmonary malformations was performed.

Results: Sixty-two patients with congenital pulmonary malformations were reviewed between 2001 and 2012.