Older Adults' Self-Reported Barriers to Aging in Place.

Current literature on aging in place highlights the socioemotional components that act as barriers to remaining in the home, but it often neglects actionable safety features of the home which may also pose a threat. Furthermore, this literature often neglects self-reported barriers to aging in place. Utilizing grounded theory, a retrospective review of home safety assessments completed in Philadelphia analyzed older adult reports to determine what factors older adults view as barriers to their aging in place plans.

Neighborhood characteristics and sexual intimate partner violence against women among low-income, drug-involved New York City residents: results from the IMPACT Studies.

We assessed relations among neighborhood characteristics and sexual intimate partner violence against women (SIPVAW), among low-income, drug-involved, women (n = 360) and men (n = 670) in New York City between 2005 and 2009. Six percent of women (n = 22) and 5% of men (n = 33) reported experiencing and perpetrating SIPVAW in the past year with a main partner. In adjusted mixed models among women, neighborhood ethnic heterogeneity was significantly negatively associated with SIPVAW victimization.

Pediatric prehospital evaluation of NYC cardiac arrest survival (PHENYCS).

Objectives: The objective of this study was to describe the demographics of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OOHCAs) in children younger than 18 years and characteristics associated with survival among these children in New York City (NYC).

Methods: A prospective observational cohort of all children younger than 18 years with OOHCA in NYC between April 1, 2002, and March 31, 2003. Data were collected from prehospital providers by trained paramedics utilizing a previously validated telephone interview process.

Pediatric prehospital evaluation of NYC respiratory arrest survival (PHENYCS).

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the demographics, epidemiology, and characteristics associated with survival of children younger than 18 years who had an out-of-hospital respiratory arrest (OOHRA) during a 1-year period in a large urban area.

Methods: A prospective observational cohort of consecutive children younger than 18 years with OOHRA cared for by the New York City 911 emergency medical services (EMS) system from April 12, 2002, to March 31, 2003. Following resuscitative efforts, data were collected from prehospital providers by trained paramedics using a previously validated telephone interview process.

Pharmacy staff characteristics associated with support for pharmacy-based HIV testing.

Objectives: To determine support of in-pharmacy human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing among pharmacy staff and the individual-level characteristics associated with in-pharmacy HIV testing support.

Design: Descriptive, nonexperimental, cross-sectional study.

Setting: New York City (NYC) from January 2008 to March 2009.

Individual- and neighborhood-level characteristics associated with support of in-pharmacy vaccination among ESAP-registered pharmacies: pharmacists' role in reducing racial/ethnic disparities in influenza vaccinations in New York City.

New York State (NYS) passed legislation authorizing pharmacists to administer immunizations in 2008. Racial/socioeconomic disparities persist in vaccination rates and vaccine-preventable diseases such as influenza. Many NYS pharmacies participate in the Expanded Syringe Access Program (ESAP), which allows provision of non-prescription syringes to help prevent transmission of HIV, and are uniquely positioned to offer vaccination services to low-income communities.

Individual- and neighborhood-level factors associated with nonprescription counseling in pharmacies participating in the New York State Expanded Syringe Access Program.

Objective: To determine the individual- and neighborhood-level predictors of frequent nonprescription in-pharmacy counseling.

Design: Descriptive, nonexperimental, cross-sectional study.

Setting: New York City (NYC) during January 2008 to March 2009.

Neighborhood characteristics and disability in older adults.

Objective: To characterize the influence of the residential neighborhood of older adults on the prevalence of disability.

Methods: We combined Census data on disability in older adults living in New York City with environmental information from a comprehensive geospatial database. We used factor analysis to derive dimensions of compositional and physical neighborhood characteristics and linear regression to model their association with levels of disability.

Neighborhood characteristics and change in depressive symptoms among older residents of New York City.

Objectives: We investigated the relationship between the depressive symptoms of older adults over time and the characteristics of the neighborhoods in which they live.

Methods: We surveyed a random sample of 1325 New York City residents aged 50 years or older in 2005 and conducted 808 follow-up interviews in 2007. We assessed the compositional characteristics of the respondents' neighborhoods at a census-tract level and determined the relationships between these characteristics and changes in respondents' depressive symptoms.

Neighborhood-level correlates of consistent condom use among men who have sex with men: a multi-level analysis.

There is growing evidence that the neighborhood environment influences sexual behavior and related outcomes, but little work has focused specifically on men who have sex with men (MSM). Using interview data from a probability sample of 385 young MSM living in New York City, recruited at public venues in 1999 and 2000 as part of the Young Men's Survey-New York City, and data on neighborhood characteristics obtained from the U.S.

Project VIVA: a multilevel community-based intervention to increase influenza vaccination rates among hard-to-reach populations in New York City.

Objectives: We sought to determine whether the work of a community-based participatory research partnership increased interest in influenza vaccination among hard-to-reach individuals in urban settings.

Methods: A partnership of researchers and community members carried out interventions for increasing acceptance of influenza vaccination in disadvantaged urban neighborhoods, focusing on hard-to-reach populations (e.g.

Predictors of influenza vaccination in an urban community during a national shortage.

Little is known about the impact of vaccine shortages on vaccination rates among disadvantaged populations in the United States. We compared factors associated with influenza vaccination rates during a vaccine shortage (2004-2005) and a non-shortage (2003-2004) year among adults in predominantly minority New York City neighborhoods. Thirty-one percent of participants received influenza vaccine during the non-shortage year compared with 18% during the shortage.

Access to influenza vaccine in East Harlem and the Bronx during a national vaccine shortage.

In October 2004, one of the major producers of the U.S. influenza vaccine supply announced that their vaccine would not be available because of production problems, resulting in approximately half of the anticipated supply suddenly becoming unavailable.

The "vertical response time": barriers to ambulance response in an urban area.

Background: Ambulance response time is typically reported as the time interval from call dispatch to arrival on-scene. However, the often unmeasured "vertical response time" from arrival on-scene to arrival at the patient's side may be substantial, particularly in urban areas with high-rise buildings or other barriers to access.

Objectives: To measure the time interval from arrival on-scene to the patient in a large metropolitan area and to identify barriers to emergency medical services arrival.

Multilevel community-based intervention to increase access to sterile syringes among injection drug users through pharmacy sales in New York City.

Objectives: Research has indicated that there is minimal use of pharmacies among injection drug users (IDUs) in specific neighborhoods and among Black and Hispanic IDUs. We developed a community-based participatory research partnership to determine whether a multilevel intervention would increase sterile syringe access through a new policy allowing nonprescription syringe sales in pharmacies.

Methods: We targeted Harlem, NY (using the South Bronx for comparison), and disseminated informational material at community forums, pharmacist training programs, and counseling or outreach programs for IDUs.

Syringe disposal among injection drug users in Harlem and the Bronx during the New York State Expanded Syringe Access Demonstration Program.

Effective January 1, 2001, New York State enacted the Expanded Syringe Access Demonstration Program (ESAP), allowing syringes to be sold in pharmacies without a prescription or dispensed through doctors, hospitals, and clinics to adults. A concern in the assessment of ESAP is its effects on syringe disposal practices. Syringe use data regarding the last injection episode were combined from three projects (N = 1,030) recruiting injection drug users.

Gender differences in sexual behaviors, sexual partnerships, and HIV among drug users in New York City.

We compared sexual behaviors/partnerships and determined sexual risk correlates associated with HIV by gender among street-recruited drug users using chi-square tests and logistic regression. Men reported higher risk sexual behaviors, yet fewer high-risk sexual partners than women. After adjustment, HIV seropositive men were more likely than seronegatives to be older, MSM, use condoms, and have an HIV-infected partner.

Support for buprenorphine and methadone prescription to heroin-dependent patients among New York City physicians.

Methadone and buprenorphine are treatments for heroin-dependent patients. Methadone is available through highly-regulated treatment centers while buprenorphine was approved in 2002 for prescription by certified physicians. Just prior to the approval of buprenorphine, we conducted a random postal survey of 770 physicians in New York City to determine willingness to prescribe methadone or buprenorphine for heroin-dependent patients to be picked up at a pharmacy.

Receptive syringe sharing among injection drug users in Harlem and the Bronx during the New York State Expanded Syringe Access Demonstration Program.

Background: Effective on January 1, 2001, New York State enacted the Expanded Syringe Access Demonstration Program (ESAP), which allows syringes to be sold in pharmacies without a prescription or dispensed through doctors, hospitals, and clinics to persons 18 years of age or older and permits the possession of those syringes for the purposes of injecting drugs.

Objective: To assess changes in receptive syringe sharing since the inception of the ESAP.

Methods: Sociodemographic characteristics and syringe use data regarding the last injection episode were combined from 3 projects (n = 1181) recruiting injection drug users in ongoing studies in Harlem and the Bronx in New York City from January 2001 through June 2003.

A comparison of HIV seropositive and seronegative young adult heroin- and cocaine-using men who have sex with men in New York City, 2000-2003.

The purpose of this analysis was to determine the prevalence and correlates of HIV infection among a street-recruited sample of heroin- and cocaine-using men who have sex with men (MSM). Injection (injecting View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Explaining the relationship between race/ethnicity and pharmacy purchased syringes among injection drug users in New York City.

Objective: Pharmacy syringe sales without a prescription became legal in New York State on January 1, 2001 through the Expanded Syringe Access Demonstration Program (ESAP). At the same time, Pharmacy use among Black and Hispanic injection drug users was found to be significantly lower when compared to Whites. The purpose of this study was to assess the factors that could explain the relationship between race/ethnicity and pharmacy use.

The association between multiple domains of discrimination and self-assessed health: a multilevel analysis of Latinos and blacks in four low-income New York City neighborhoods.

Objective: This study examines the association between discrimination due to race and other attributes (e.g., sex, age) and self-assessed mental and physical health among Latinos and blacks.

Syringe distribution to injection drug users for prevention of HIV infection: opinions and practices of health care providers in New York City.

The Expanded Syringe Access Demonstration Program (ESAP), which was intended to increase access to syringes for injection drug users (IDUs), went into effect in New York State on 1 January 2001. ESAP allowed prescription-authorized health care providers to register to distribute syringes without a prescription. In spring 2002, we conducted a random postal survey of 1100 providers in New York City to evaluate involvement in ESAP and willingness to furnish IDUs with syringes.

Redox reactions of the pyranopterin system of the molybdenum cofactor.

This work provides the first extensive study of the redox reactivity of the pyranopterin system that is a component of the catalytic site of all molybdenum and tungsten enzymes possessing molybdopterin. The pyranopterin system possesses certain characteristics typical of tetrahydropterins, such as a reduced pyrazine ring; however, it behaves as a dihydropterin in redox reactions with oxidants. Titrations using ferricyanide and dichloroindophenol (DCIP) prove a 2e(-)/2H(+) stoichiometry for pyranopterin oxidations.

Preliminary evidence of health care provider support for naloxone prescription as overdose fatality prevention strategy in New York City.

Preliminary research suggests that naloxone (Narcan), a short-acting opiate antagonist, could be provided by prescription or distribution to heroin users to reduce the likelihood of fatality from overdose. We conducted a random postal survey of 1100 prescription-authorized health care providers in New York City to determine willingness to prescribe naloxone to patients at risk of an opiate overdose. Among 363 nurse practitioners, physicians, and physician assistants responding, 33.