Unique somatic variants in DNA from urine exosomes of individuals with bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer (BC), a heterogeneous disease characterized by high recurrence rates, is diagnosed and monitored by cystoscopy. Accurate clinical staging based on biopsy remains a challenge, and additional, objective diagnostic tools are needed urgently. We used exosomal DNA (exoDNA) as an analyte to examine cancer-associated mutations and compared the diagnostic utility of exoDNA from urine and serum of individuals with BC.

Impact of High-risk Features and Effect of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Urothelial Cancer Patients with Invasion into the Lamina Propria on Transurethral Resection in the Absence of Deep Muscle Invasion.

Background: High-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) that invades into the lamina propria is frequently understaged and is associated with a risk of lymph node metastasis and death.

Objective: To identify high-risk features (HRFs) for NMIBC that may identify patients with poorer prognosis who may benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) prior to radical cystectomy (RC).

Design, Setting, And Participants: We performed a single-center retrospective review of patients who underwent RC for NMIBC with invasion into the lamina propria between 1995 and 2013.

Refining patient selection for neoadjuvant chemotherapy before radical cystectomy.

Purpose: We evaluated the survival of patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy without neoadjuvant chemotherapy to confirm the utility of existing clinical tools to identify low risk patients who could be treated with radical cystectomy alone and a high risk group most likely to benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: We identified patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer who underwent radical cystectomy without neoadjuvant chemotherapy at our institution between 2000 and 2010. Patients were considered high risk based on the clinical presence of hydroureteronephrosis, cT3b-T4a disease, and/or histological evidence of lymphovascular invasion, micropapillary or neuroendocrine features on transurethral resection.

Use of fluorescence in situ hybridization to predict response to bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy for bladder cancer: results of a prospective trial.

Purpose: No reliable methods currently exist to predict patient response to intravesical immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette-Guérin given after transurethral resection for high risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. We initiated a prospective clinical trial to determine whether fluorescence in situ hybridization results during bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy can predict therapy failure.

Materials And Methods: Candidates for standard of care bacillus Calmette-Guérin were offered participation in a clinical trial.