End-tidal carbon dioxide, a point-of-care biomarker to assess severity in acute asthma: A systematic review.

Background And Objective: Accurate severity assessment in acute asthma is vital to guide patient management and disposition. End-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO) has been proposed as a real-time measure for this purpose. This study aimed to systematically review literature on EtCO measurement in assessing the severity of acute asthma exacerbations.

Solid aneurysmal bone cyst of cuboid: rare location and diagnostic conundrum.

The solid variant of aneurysmal bone cyst is an expansile cystic lesion involving long tubular bones with unknown aetiology and usually occurs in the second decade of life. This is a paradigm of fibrocystic lesions. We report the rare case of a male with a biopsy-proven solid variant aneurysmal bone cyst of the cuboid that was mistakenly diagnosed as osteomyelitis.

Intraosseous lipoma of the talus.

Lipomas of the talus are rare benign bone lesions. They are usually atraumatic in aetiology with a male preponderance and generally occur between the third and sixth decades of life. We report the case of a man in his 30s who had presented with pain and swelling in the posteromedial aspect of his left ankle of 6 months' duration, associated with functional restrictions, and was diagnosed as a case of intraosseous lipoma involving the talus.

The next frontier in multiple sclerosis therapies: Current advances and evolving targets.

Recent advancements in research have significantly enhanced our comprehension of the intricate immune components that contribute to multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. By conducting an in-depth analysis of complex molecular interactions involved in the immunological cascade of the disease, researchers have successfully identified novel therapeutic targets, leading to the development of innovative therapies. Leveraging pioneering technologies in proteomics, genomics, and the assessment of environmental factors has expedited our understanding of the vulnerability and impact of these factors on the progression of MS.

Late dysfunction of a mechanical aortic valve after long-term low molecular weight heparin therapy: a case report.

Background: To date, vitamin K anticoagulants are the only recommended long-term therapy for mechanical heart valves. Bleeding episodes, thromboembolic events, and international normalized ratio monitoring are difficult and prevalent complications for these patients. This report reflects the late mechanical aortic valve dysfunction after long-term low molecular weight heparin therapy.

Development and validation of observational and qualitative study protocol reporting checklists for novice researchers (ObsQual checklist).

Introduction: Currently, no reporting guidelines exist for observational and qualitative study protocols. In an effort to enhance the quality of research protocols, we introduce two study protocol reporting checklists that we have developed.

Main Recommendations: These checklists include educational components and examples intended to assist novice researchers.

Monoclonal antibody based solid phase competition ELISA to detect FMDV serotype A specific antibodies.

In Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) enzootic countries, periodic vaccination is the key tool in controlling the disease incidence. Active seromonitoring of the vaccinated population is critical to assess the impact of vaccination. Virus neutralization test (VNT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are commonly used for antibody detection.

Robotic mitral valve surgery.

Totally endoscopic robotic mitral valve repair is the least invasive surgical therapy for mitral valve disease. Robotic mitral valve surgery demonstrates faster recovery with shorter hospital stays, less morbidity, and equivalent mortality and mid-term durability compared to sternotomy. In this review, we will explore the advantages and disadvantages of robotic mitral valve surgery and consider important technical details of both operative set-up and mitral valve repair techniques.

Selective detection of salivary cortisol using screen-printed electrode coated with molecularly imprinted polymer.

A novel electrochemical sensor was developed for the detection of salivary cortisol levels. The sensor employs a combination of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) that are electrodeposited onto a screen-printed electrode (SPE). The study utilised density functional theory and molecular docking techniques to determine the geometry of molecular orbitals, electrostatic potential energies, and binding energy of cortisol and the polymers.

At the Heart of the Community: Implementation of Echocardiographic Screening for Rheumatic Heart Disease in Primary Care Facilities of Northern Borneo Island.

Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a potentially life-threatening condition that causes long-standing public health concerns. Echocardiography is a reliable diagnostic and screening technique for many cardiovascular conditions, including RHD. It is commonly used in tertiary care facilities worldwide but less so in the community setting.

Effect of radiotherapy on phagocytosis percentage and index in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Phagocytosis plays an important role in the fundamental process of immunity and maintains systemic tissue homeostasis. Phagocytosis function is assessed in radiotherapy to signify the prognosis of patient. Therefore, we designed a study to assess and compare the phagocytosis percentage and phagocytic index of the leucocytes in patients with oral cancer before and after radiotherapy.

Assessment of sex and sexual dimorphism in children from Tamilnadu, India through odontometrics in primary dentition - a cross sectional study with discriminant function analysis.

One of the crucial steps in the process of identification of human remains is sex determination of an unknown individual. Sex can be determined using the human skeleton, especially by examining the pelvis and skull. Odontometric analysis and assessment of sexual dimorphism of the human dentition has been less investigated, especially in primary dentition.

Validation of NEWS2, SIRS, and qSOFA in Postoperative Cardiac Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: The 'quick Sepsis Related Organ Failure Assessment' (qSOFA), 'Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome' (SIRS), and 'National Early Warning Score' 2 (NEWS2) scores are yet to be comparatively validated in ward-based cardiac surgical patients despite widespread routine use in clinical practice. We sought to assess the predictive validity of NEWS, SIRS, and qSOFA in identifying postoperative, ward-level cardiac surgical patients at risk of poor short-term mortality.

Methods: All adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery at a single tertiary center between November 2014 and October 2017 were identified.

Hybrid surgical epicardial cryoablation for ventricular tachycardia in the electrophysiology laboratory: a case report.

Background: Scar-related ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a challenging medical condition, with catheter ablation providing a valuable treatment option. Whilst most VTs can be ablated endocardially, epicardial ablation is often required in patients with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy. The percutaneous subxiphoid technique has become instrumental for epicardial access.

Routine blood parameters of dengue infected children and adults. A meta-analysis.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has revised dengue case classification in 2009 to better reflect the severity of the disease. However, there was no comprehensive meta-analysis of pooled routine blood parameters according to the age or the categories of the 2009 WHO classification. This study aimed to meta-analyze the routine blood parameters of dengue infected children and adults.

Challenges and opportunities for implementing digital health interventions in Nepal: A rapid review.

Background: In recent times, digital technologies in health care have been well recognized in Nepal. It is crucial to understand what is works well and areas that need improvements in the digital health ecosystem. This rapid review was carried out to provide an overview of Nepal's challenges and opportunities for implementing digital health interventions.

Evaluating the sustainability of non-communicable diseases programs in Malaysia.

Background: The substantial rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) over the last two decades poses a major concern to the healthcare services in Malaysia. This study aimed to evaluate the sustainability of the current NCDs programs and identify the challenges and factors impeding the sustainability of the NCDs program implemented under the National Strategic Plan.

Methods: This study applied the mixed-method approach using the Program Sustainability Assessment Tool (PSAT) to assess the eight domains for program sustainability combined with 5 open-ended questions.

Implementation Initiatives to Improve Low Back Pain Care in Australia: A Scoping Review.

Objective: This scoping review aimed to comprehensively review strategies for implementation of low back pain (LBP) guidelines, policies, and models of care in the Australian health care system.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, and Web of Science to identify studies that aimed to implement or integrate evidence-based interventions or practices to improve LBP care within Australian settings.

Results: Twenty-five studies met the inclusion criteria.

Inflammatory bowel diseases in Tamil Nadu: A survey of demographics, clinical profile, and practices.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasingly diagnosed in South Asia. This survey by the Tamil Nadu Chapter of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology (TNISG) documents the demography, clinical profile, and therapeutic practices related to IBD in Tamil Nadu.

Methods: TNISG members from 32 institutions completed an online cross-sectional questionnaire on IBD patients from March 2020 to January 2021.

An Insilico evaluation of phytocompounds from Albizia amara and Phyla nodiflora as cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme inhibitors.

Purpose: The enzyme Cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2) catalyze the formation of prostaglandin, a mediator of the inflammatory pathway. Inflammation related pathological conditions may be alleviated by targeting the Cox enzymes.COX-2 inhibitors that are currently available in the market causes undesirable side effects.

Multiarterial coronary grafting using the radial artery as a second arterial graft: how far does the survival benefit extend?

Objectives: Despite the 10-year results of the Arterial Revascularization Trial, the controversy regarding the survival benefit of multiarterial grafting (MAG) remains. Our goal was to present our long-term survival data in this propensity-matched observational study.

Methods: A primary unmatched population of 4303 patients with first-time isolated coronary artery bypass grafts operated on between 2000 and 2018 were included.

Evaluation of Micronuclei and Cytomorphometric Changes in Patients with Different Tobacco Related Habits Using Exfoliated Buccal Cells.

Background: Tobacco is one of the main reasons behind the occurrence of oral cancer. Oral cancer, even though being the tenth most common cancer in the world, gets diagnosed at an advanced stage and ends up with poor prognosis. So early diagnosis is the need of the hour.

A Sociological Analysis and Exploration of Factors Associated with Commercial Preparations of Smokeless Tobacco Use in Sri Lanka.

Background: Use and addiction to commercial preparation of Smokeless Tobacco (CPSLT) is creating new socio-cultural issues and health challenges in Sri Lanka.  The objective of this sociological study is to investigate and analyse the socio-cultural factors that influence CPSLT use Sri Lanka to enable development of effective interventions.  Methods: This is a qualitative study for which data was collected through in-depth interviews in selected groups that use CPSLT.

Molecularly imprinted polymer-based electrochemical sensor for the determination of endocrine disruptor bisphenol-A in bovine milk.

Bisphenol A (BPA) contamination from food packaging material has been a major concern in recent years, due to its potential endocrine-disrupting effects on humans, especially infants and children. This paper reports the detection of BPA using an electrochemical sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide coated glassy carbon electrode used for this study.