Circulating tumor cells in patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy with versus without cryosurgery for metastatic prostate cancer: a retrospective analysis.

Background: The study aimed to assess the value of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as a prognostic and treatment response marker in patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) plus cryosurgery vs. ADT alone for metastatic prostate cancer (mPCA).

Methods: This retrospective analysis included 43 patients with mPCA: 23 receiving ADT alone (control) and 20 receiving additional cryosurgery (cryosurgery group).

NANOG regulates the proliferation of PCSCs via the TGF-β1/SMAD pathway.

Purpose: In prostate cancer, castration resistance is a factor that frequently leads to death in individuals with this disease. Recent studies have suggested that prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) are pivotal regulators in the establishment of castration resistance. The nanog homeobox (NANOG) and the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic protein (SMAD) signaling pathways are involved in several cancer stem cells but are not involved in PCSCs.

Cancer cell membrane-cloaked mesoporous silica nanoparticles with a pH-sensitive gatekeeper for cancer treatment.

Nanoparticular drug delivery system (NDDS) has great potential for enhancing the efficacy of traditional chemotherapeutic drugs. However, it is still a great challenge to fabricate a biocompatible NDDS with simple structure capable of optimizing therapeutic efficacy, such as high tumor accumulation, suitable drug release profile (e.g.