Physiological and Genetic Regulation for High Lipid Accumulation by Strains from Different Environments of an Arctic Glacier, Desert, and Temperate Lake under Nitrogen Deprivation Conditions.

Microalgae can adapt to extreme environments with specialized metabolic mechanisms. Here, we report comparative physiological and genetic regulation analyses of from different environmental regions of an arctic glacier, desert, and temperate native lake in response to N deprivation, for screening the optimal strain with high lipid accumulation. Strains from the three regions showed different growth and biochemical compositions under N deprivation.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Toxic and Non-Toxic Communities and Identification of Genes Involved in TTX-Adaptation.

has caused serious people poisoning and death incident as a popular food due to tetrodotoxin (TTX) accumulation in their body. Understanding the genetic basis of tetrodotoxin (TTX) transformation and resistance in animals could lead to significant insights into adaptive evolution to toxins and toxin poisoning cures in medicine. Here we performed comparative transcriptome analysis for toxic and non-toxic communities in and to reveal their genetic expression and mutation patterns.

Improvement on lipid production by Scenedesmus obliquus triggered by low dose exposure to nanoparticles.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), α-FeO nanoparticles (nano FeO) and MgO nanoparticles (nano MgO) were evaluated for the effects on algae growth and lipid production. Nano FeO promoted cell growth in the range of 0-20 mg·L. CNTs, nano FeO and nano MgO inhibited cell growth of Scenedesmus obliquus at 10, 40 and 0.

Effect of Kelp Waste Extracts on the Growth and Development of Pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.).

To explore the effects of kelp waste extracts (KWE) on the growth and development of Brassia chinensis L., germination and greenhouse experiments were carried out under different concentrations of KWE. The results showed that a higher germination percentage (95%), associated with high germination index (8.

Kelp waste extracts combined with acetate enhances the biofuel characteristics of Chlorella sorokiniana.

To probe the effect of kelp waste extracts (KWE) combined with acetate on biochemical composition of Chlorella sorokiniana, the cultures were performed under independent/combined treatment of KWE and acetate. The results showed that high cell density and biomass were obtained by KWE combined with acetate treatments, whose biomass productivity increased by 79.69-102.

How DNA barcoding can be more effective in microalgae identification: a case of cryptic diversity revelation in Scenedesmus (Chlorophyceae).

Microalgae identification is extremely difficult. The efficiency of DNA barcoding in microalgae identification involves ideal gene markers and approaches employed, which however, is still under the way. Although Scenedesmus has obtained much research in producing lipids its identification is difficult.

DNA barcoding reveal patterns of species diversity among northwestern Pacific molluscs.

This study represents the first comprehensive molecular assessment of northwestern Pacific molluscs. In total, 2801 DNA barcodes belonging to 569 species from China, Japan and Korea were analyzed. An overlap between intra- and interspecific genetic distances was present in 71 species.

Combining and Comparing Coalescent, Distance and Character-Based Approaches for Barcoding Microalgaes: A Test with Chlorella-Like Species (Chlorophyta).

Several different barcoding methods of distinguishing species have been advanced, but which method is the best is still controversial. Chlorella is becoming particularly promising in the development of second-generation biofuels. However, the taxonomy of Chlorella-like organisms is easily confused.

Pay Attention to the Overlooked Cryptic Diversity in Existing Barcoding Data: the Case of Mollusca with Character-Based DNA Barcoding.

With the global biodiversity crisis, DNA barcoding aims for fast species identification and cryptic species diversity revelation. For more than 10 years, large amounts of DNA barcode data have been accumulating in publicly available databases, most of which were conducted by distance or tree-building methods that have often been argued, especially for cryptic species revelation. In this context, overlooked cryptic diversity may exist in the available barcoding data.

Breeding of high biomass and lipid producing Desmodesmus sp. by Ethylmethane sulfonate-induced mutation.

To improve the biomass yield and lipid productivity, two desert microalgae, Desmodesmus sp. S81 and G41 were induced mutagenesis by Ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS), and obtained two potential mutants, Desmodesmus sp. S5 and G3 from the mutagenic clones for their greatly promoted biomass and lipid production.

Growth and lipid accumulation in three Chlorella strains from different regions in response to diurnal temperature fluctuations.

It was economically feasible to screen strains adaptive to wide temperature fluctuation for outdoor cultivation without temperature control. In this research, three Chlorella strains from arctic glacier, desert soil and temperate native lake were isolated and identified. The growth, biochemical composition, lipid content and fatty acid composition of each strain cultured under the mode of diurnal temperature fluctuations were compared.

Effect of kelp waste extracts on the growth and lipid accumulation of microalgae.

Kelp waste extracts (KWE) contained massive soluble sugars, amino acids and various mineral elements. To probe the effects of KWE on microalgal physiological and biochemical responses, the cultures were carried out under the different dilutions. The results showed that 8.

Bioethanol production from the dry powder of Jerusalem artichoke tubers by recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation.

It has been found that recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae 6525 can produce high concentration of ethanol in one-step fermentation from the extract of Jerusalem artichoke tubers or inulin. However, the utilization rate of raw materials was low and the fermentation process was costly and complicated. Therefore, in this study, after the optimum processing conditions for ethanol production in fed-batch fermentation were determined in flask, the recombinant S.

Monophyly, distance and character-based multigene barcoding reveal extraordinary cryptic diversity in Nassarius: a complex and dangerous community.

Background: Correct identification and cryptic biodiversity revelation for marine organisms are pressing since the marine life is important in maintaining the balance of ecological system and is facing the problem of biodiversity crisis or food safety. DNA barcoding has been proved successful to provide resolution beyond the boundaries of morphological information. Nassarius, the common mudsnail, plays an important role in marine environment and has problem in food safety, but the classification of it is quite confused because of the complex morphological diversity.

Comparing the usefulness of distance, monophyly and character-based DNA barcoding methods in species identification: a case study of neogastropoda.

Background: DNA barcoding has recently been proposed as a promising tool for the rapid species identification in a wide range of animal taxa. Two broad methods (distance and monophyly-based methods) have been used. One method is based on degree of DNA sequence variation within and between species while another method requires the recovery of species as discrete clades (monophyly) on a phylogenetic tree.

Additional gene data and increased sampling give new insights into the phylogenetic relationships of Neogastropoda, within the caenogastropod phylogenetic framework.

Neogastropoda, a highly diversified group of predatory marine snails, has often been contradicted in molecular phylogenetic studies. This is partly the consequence of limited neogastropod taxa or outgroups analyzed or insufficient gene sequences employed. This paper reports the most extensive molecular study of the group published to date with increased neogastropod taxa, multiple representatives of caenogastropod outgroups, and additional gene sequences.

Multigene barcoding and phylogeny of geographically widespread muricids (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) along the coast of China.

The identification and phylogeny of muricids have been in a state of confusion for a long time due to the morphological convergence and plasticity. DNA-based identification and phylogeny methods often offer an analytically powerful addition or even an alternative. In this study, we employ a DNA barcoding method to identify 17 known and easily confused muricid species (120 individuals) from the whole China coast based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S rRNA sequences, and nuclear ITS-1 and 28S rRNA sequences.