Distinct Gut Microbiota Profiles in Normal Weight Obesity and Their Association With Cardiometabolic Diseases: Results From Two Independent Cohort Studies.

Background: Normal weight obesity (NWO) is characterized by excess body fat in individuals with normal body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to investigate gut microbiota alterations in NWO and their potential associations with cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) risk in two independent cohorts.

Methods: Our NWO-CMD mortality analysis included 168 099 adults with normal BMI from two large open-access databases, while our NWO-gut microbiota study involved 5467 adults with normal BMI from two independent cohorts: the WELL-China cohort and the Lanxi cohort.

[Fatty acid content in Jiangnan dishes in Hangzhou].

Objective: To analyze the fatty acid content of Jiangnan dishes in Hangzhou.

Methods: Based on the order frequency records from an online platform, two popular Jiangnan cuisine restaurants were selected for monitoring. Fat extraction was performed on three types of dishes: purely vegetarian, mixed vegetarian and non-vegetarian, and purely non-vegetarian, using acid hydrolysis.

A novel genetic mouse model of osteoporosis with double heterozygosity of Irx3 and Irx5 characterizes sex-dependent phenotypes in bone homeostasis.

Iroquois homeobox gene 3 (Irx3) and Irx5 encode transcription factors that play crucial roles in limb development and bone formation. Previous studies using knockout mice have revealed a role of Irx3 and Irx5 in osteogenesis in young adult mice. However, whether these genes are also essential for bone homeostasis in adulthood and contribute to bone diseases remain poorly understood.

Breastfeeding in infancy and cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older adulthood: a prospective study of 0.36 million UK Biobank participants.

Background: Cardiovascular disease originates in early life. We aimed to investigate the association between breastfeeding in infancy and cardiovascular disease in adult life.

Methods: We followed 364,240 participants from UK Biobank aged 40-73 years from 2006 - 2010 to 2021.

Nut consumption, gut microbiota, and body fat distribution: results of a large, community-based population study.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the relationships among nut consumption, gut microbiota, and body fat distribution.

Methods: We studied 2255 Chinese adults in the Lanxi Cohort living in urban areas in Lanxi City, China. Fat distribution was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and nut consumption was assessed using food frequency questionnaires.

Association of dietary overall antioxidant intake with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among adults with depression: evidence from NHANES 2005-2018.

Higher intakes of individual antioxidants such as vitamins A, C, and E have been linked to mortality in the general population, but the association of overall antioxidant intake with mortality especially in depressed adults remains unclear. We aimed to investigate whether the dietary overall antioxidant intake is associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among depressed adults. This study included 3051 US adults with depression, who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018.

Gut Microbiota and Adipose Tissue Microenvironment Interactions in Obesity.

Obesity is an increasingly serious global health problem. Some studies have revealed that the gut microbiota and its metabolites make important contributions to the onset of obesity. The gut microbiota is a dynamic ecosystem composed of diverse microbial communities with key regulatory functions in host metabolism and energy balance.

Differences in prenatal diagnosis rate of congenital anomalies associated with singletons and multiple births: An observational study of more than 1.9 million births in Zhejiang Province, eastern China, during 2012-2018.

Objective: To characterize differences in the prenatal detection of congenital anomalies (CAs) associated with singleton and multiple births.

Methods: This observational study covered all births registered in the CA surveillance system in Zhejiang Province of China during 2012-2018. Differences in the incidence and characteristics between singletons and multiple births with CAs were tested.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) detection and deep learning in a Chinese community-based population.

Objectives: We aimed to develop and validate a deep learning system (DLS) by using an auxiliary section that extracts and outputs specific ultrasound diagnostic features to improve the explainable, clinical relevant utility of using DLS for detecting NAFLD.

Methods: In a community-based study of 4144 participants with abdominal ultrasound scan in Hangzhou, China, we sampled 928 (617 [66.5%] females, mean age: 56 years ± 13 [standard deviation]) participants (2 images per participant) to develop and validate DLS, a two-section neural network (2S-NNet).

Breastfeeding in infancy and mortality in middle and late adulthood: A prospective cohort study and meta-analysis.

Background: Breastfeeding in infancy is associated with a lower risk of mortality among children, but the impact on mortality in middle and late adulthood remains unknown.

Objectives: To assess the association between breastfeeding in infancy and mortality in middle and late adulthood.

Methods: We included 383,627 participants aged 40-73 from the UK Biobank (2006-2010) and followed up until 2021.

Protein-to-carbohydrate ratio is informative of diet quality and associates with all-cause mortality: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2014).

Background: Dietary protein and carbohydrate intake and health outcomes have received extensive attention in recent years. However, the nutritional context in which these associations occur is less studied.

Objectives: We aimed to examine the dietary context associating protein-to-carbohydrate ratio and all-cause mortality in US adults.

Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between body flexibility and sarcopenia.

Background: The associations between body flexibility and sarcopenia were not well understood. This study aimed to explore the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of flexibility with sarcopenia.

Methods: Our study selected participants aged 50-80 from the WELL-China cohort and the Lanxi cohort.

Associations of eating speed with fat distribution and body shape vary in different age groups and obesity status.

Background: Eating speed has been reported to be associated with energy intake, body weight, waist circumference (WC), and total body fat. However, no study has explored the association between eating speed and body fat distribution, especially its difference among different age or body mass index (BMI) groups.

Methods: 4770 participants aged 18-80 years were recruited from the baseline survey of the Lanxi Cohort Study.

LncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in brown adipose tissue of obesity-prone and obesity-resistant mice.

Obesity-prone or obesity-resistant phenotypes can exist in individuals who consume the same diet type. Brown adipose tissue functions to dissipate energy in response to cold exposure or overfeeding. Long noncoding RNAs play important roles in a wide range of biological processes.

Changes in lifestyles and depressive symptom among patients with chronic diseases during COVID-19 lockdown.

This study aims to investigate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on lifestyle behaviors and depressive symptom among patients with NCDs (noncommunicable diseases). We incorporated a COVID-19 survey to the WELL China cohort, a prospective cohort study with the baseline survey conducted 8-16 months before the COVID-19 outbreak in Hangzhou, China. The COVID-19 survey was carried out to collect information on lifestyle and depressive symptom during lockdown.

Association between napping status and depressive symptoms in urban residents during the COVID-19 epidemic.

: To explore the association between napping status and depressive symptoms in urban residents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. : The survey was embedded in the Wellness Living Laboratory-China (WELL China) cohort study. Health and lifestyle information during the COVID-19 epidemic were obtained via the telephone interview from April 8, 2020 to May 29, 2020.

Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity after cholecystectomy: A population-based study.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the associations of cholecystectomy with low muscle mass, low muscle strength, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity.

Methods: This population-based study included data from 4,909 participants aged 18 to 80 years. History of cholecystectomy was diagnosed using abdominal ultrasonography.

Daytime napping is associated with retinal microcirculation: a large population-based study in China.

Study Objectives: To investigate the association between daytime napping and retinal microcirculation.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study from a prospective population-based cohort. 2,662 participants were recruited after quota sampling.

Metabolomic Profiles of Plasma Retinol-Associated Dyslipidemia in Men and Women.

Studies of both animals and humans show that a high intake of vitamin A is associated with a lower risk of dyslipidemia. However, an association of plasma retinol levels with dyslipidemia is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate an association between plasma retinol and dyslipidemia and to identify related metabolites and pathways in the general population.

Fas signaling in adipocytes promotes low-grade inflammation and lung metastasis of colorectal cancer through interaction with Bmx.

Obesity is a global public health issue. Obesity-related chronic low-grade inflammation (meta-inflammation) can lead to aberrant adipokine release and promote cardiometabolic diseases and obesity-related tumors. However, the mechanisms involved in the initiation of inflammatory responses in obesity and obesity-related tumors as well as metastasis are not fully understood.

Association between contact with a general practitioner and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown: a large community-based study in Hangzhou, China.

Objectives: To determine the association of general practitioner (GP) contact with depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown in China.

Design: In April 2020, a follow-up survey was conducted on the basis of a baseline survey conducted between October 2018 and May 2019.

Setting: The survey was embedded in the Stanford Wellness Living Laboratory-China (WELL China) study, an ongoing prospective community-based cohort study during 2018-2019.

Combining gene expression signature with clinical features for survival stratification of gastric cancer.

The AJCC staging system is considered as the golden standard in clinical practice. However, it remains some pitfalls in assessing the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) patients with similar clinicopathological characteristics. We aim to develop a new clinic and genetic risk score (CGRS) to improve the prognosis prediction of GC patients.