Comparison of Clinical and Radiological Features of Aquaporin4 (AQP-4) Antibody Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) and Anti Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (Anti-MOG) Syndrome-Our Experience from Northwest India.

Background: More and more cases of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody are being diagnosed with the availability of laboratory tests helping us to know the differing patterns from AQP-4 antibody disease and we need to understand the natural course, treatment, and prognosis in a better way.

Objectives: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and anti-MOG syndromes are immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating conditions of the central nervous system (CNS) that mainly involve the optic nerves and the spinal cord. We conducted this study to compare demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological features of AQP-4 antibody and MOG antibody positive patients.

Clinical Characteristics, Etiology, Recanalization Rates and Neurological Outcomes in CVT: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Recanalization rates in cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) and its effect on neurological outcome have been debated worldwide and are inadequately addressed in studies from India. Our objective was to study the clinical profile of CVT and determine recanalization rates with its predictors and its effect on outcome.

Methods: A prospective single centre cohort study on 101 patients with radiologically confirmed acute CVT between October 2018 and June 2021 was conducted.

Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis: A retrospective analysis of sixty-four patients at tertiary care center of North-West India.

Objectives: To evaluate the demographic profile, clinical presentations, laboratory parameters and etiologies of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) patients in Indian population.

Patients And Methods: LETM is characterized by contiguous inflammatory lesions of spinal cord extending to three or more vertebral segments. Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is the most common cause of LETM.

Medullary Hot-Cross Bun Sign in Multiple System Atrophy-Cerebellar.

Multiple-system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. It is characterized by dysfunction of multiple systems including autonomic, extrapyramidal, pyramidal and cerebellar. Pontine hot-cross bun (HCB) sign in MSA is a well-documented and highly specific entity.

A rare association of tuberculous longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) with brain tuberculoma.

Background: Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis is characterized by contiguous inflammatory lesion of spinal cord involving three or more spinal segments. It is a well-recognized but rare presentation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

Case Description: We report a case of young boy diagnosed with multiple brain tuberculomas.

Cerebral proliferative angiopathy with papilledema.

A young female presented with intermittent blurring of vision and mild to moderate headache for three months. Fundus examination revealed bilateral papilledema with secondary optic atrophy (right more than left). Computed tomography scan of brain showed a diffuse intraparenchymal vascular malformation in right parietooccipital region.

Familial segmental spinal myoclonus: a rare clinical feature of Friedreich's ataxia.

Introduction: Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is the most common autosomal recessive inherited ataxia. It is characterized by onset before the age of 25 year, progressive limb and truncal ataxia, lower limb areflexia, extensor plantars, dysarthria and impaired posterior column sensations. Other important associated features are skeletal deformity, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and diabetes mellitus.

Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis as presenting manifestation of small cell carcinoma lung.

Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) is an unusual manifestation of systemic malignancy. It has been mainly reported with lung cancers and lymphoproliferative malignancy. LETM in systemic malignancy can be caused by either intramedullary metastases or paraneoplastic syndrome.

Reversible magnetic resonance imaging changes in a case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening neurologic emergency associated with the use of mainly typical antipsychotic drugs. It is characterized by fever, altered mental status, generalized rigidity, autonomic instability, myoclonus, raised creatine phosphokinase, rhabdomyolysis, and leukocytosis. Neuroimaging (brain computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) is usually normal in most of the cases of NMS.

An institutional experience of 26 patients with Moyamoya disease: A study from Northwest India.

Aim: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a slowly progressive bilateral stenocclusive process of the distal internal carotid and proximal portions of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries and the formation of an abnormal vascular network at the base of the brain. The purpose of this retrospective study was to identify clinical features, salient features, radiological features and yield of diagnostic cerebral angiography in MMD.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed the records of 26 patients with MMD evaluated and treated at our institute from August 2010 until March 2013.

Primary intraventricular hemorrhage: clinical features, risk factors, etiology, and yield of diagnostic cerebral angiography.

Background: Primary intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) is a rare neurological disorder, with bleeding confined to the ventricles only, without recognizable parenchymal or subarachnoid component.

Aim: The purpose of this retrospective study was to identify clinical features, predisposing risk factors, etiology, radiological features and yield of diagnostic cerebral angiography in identifying the etiological causes.

Settings And Design: Records of patients admitted in neurology division were analyzed in a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Lenticulostriate artery aneurysm presenting as primary intraventricular haemorrhage.

Isolated or primary intraventricular haemorrhage (PIVH) is rare and usually caused by hypertension, vascular malformations, aneurysms and moyamoya disease. Lenticulostriate artery aneurysm (LSA) is also a rare entity, and LSA aneurysm rupture causing primary intraventricular haemorrhage is extremely rare. There are only a few case reports.

Rapid thrombosis of middle cerebral artery aneurysm after subarachnoid haemmorhage.

Spontaneous thrombosis of intracranial aneurysm is a rare event but is frequent after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and in fusiform or giant saccular aneurysms. We report a case of a 20-year-old man presenting with SAH due to rupture of a giant aneurysm of the middle cerebral artery. Initial CT angiography (CTA) revealed partially thrombosed MCA aneurysm but digital subtraction angiography performed 3 days later revealed complete occlusion of the aneurysm.