Volumetric measurement of terminal ileal Crohn's disease by magnetic resonance enterography: a feasibility study.

Objectives: Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) interpretation of Crohn's disease (CD) is subjective and uses 2D analysis. We evaluated the feasibility of volumetric measurement of terminal ileal CD on MRE compared to endoscopy and sMARIA, and the responsiveness of volumetric changes to biologics.

Methods: CD patients with MRE and contemporaneous CD endoscopic index of severity-scored ileocolonoscopy were included.

Magnetic Resonance Enterography and Intestinal Ultrasound for the Assessment and Monitoring of Crohn's Disease.

Magnetic resonance enterography [MRE] and intestinal ultrasound [IUS] have developed rapidly in the past few decades, emerging as the primary non-invasive options for both diagnosing and monitoring Crohn's disease [CD]. In this review, we evaluate the pertinent data relating to the use of MRE and IUS in CD. We summarise the key imaging features of CD activity, highlight their increasing role in both the clinical and the research settings, and discuss how these modalities fit within the diagnostic pathway.

Diagnostic performance of sonographic activity scores for adult terminal ileal Crohn's disease compared to magnetic resonance and histological reference standards: experience from the METRIC trial.

Objectives: The simple ultrasound activity score for Crohn's disease (SUS-CD) and bowel ultrasound score (BUSS) are promising intestinal ultrasound (IUS) indices of CD, but studied mainly in small settings with few sonographers. We compared SUS-CD and BUSS against histological and magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) reference standards in a post hoc analysis of a prospective multicentre, multireader trial.

Methods: Participants recruited to the METRIC trial (ISRCTN03982913) were studied, including those with available terminal ileal (TI) biopsies.

A cross-sectional study of coping strategies and resilience and its association with psychological symptoms of doctors working in a dedicated COVID-19 care center.

Context: Health-care professionals who are involved in treating COVID patients use multiple coping strategies to overcome stress. Studies have shown that individuals having poor coping strategies and resilience are more prone toward psychological symptoms.

Aims: The study was conducted to assess the coping strategies and resilience and its association with psychological symptoms of frontline doctors working in a COVID care center.

An Explainable AI driven Decision Support System for COVID-19 Diagnosis using Fused Classification and Segmentation.

The coronavirus has caused havoc on billions of people worldwide. The Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction(RT-PCR) test is widely accepted as a standard diagnostic tool for detecting infection, however, the severity of infection can't be measured accurately with RT-PCR results. Chest CT Scans of infected patients can manifest the presence of lesions with high sensitivity.

A cross-sectional survey of sleep patterns and quality and its association with psychological symptoms among doctors working in a COVID-19 care facility.

Context: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has led to several psychological symptoms among frontline doctors of which sleep disturbances are common. Stress due to isolation and disease-related factors are known to be associated with sleep disturbances.

Aim: The aim of this study is to establish the prevalence of poor sleep and its association with psychological symptoms among doctors working in COVID-19 tertiary hospital.

Chest radiograph classification and severity of suspected COVID-19 by different radiologist groups and attending clinicians: multi-reader, multi-case study.

Objectives: To quantify reader agreement for the British Society of Thoracic Imaging (BSTI) diagnostic and severity classification for COVID-19 on chest radiographs (CXR), in particular agreement for an indeterminate CXR that could instigate CT imaging, from single and paired images.

Methods: Twenty readers (four groups of five individuals)-consultant chest (CCR), general consultant (GCR), and specialist registrar (RSR) radiologists, and infectious diseases clinicians (IDR)-assigned BSTI categories and severity in addition to modified Covid-Radiographic Assessment of Lung Edema Score (Covid-RALES), to 305 CXRs (129 paired; 2 time points) from 176 guideline-defined COVID-19 patients. Percentage agreement with a consensus of two chest radiologists was calculated for (1) categorisation to those needing CT (indeterminate) versus those that did not (classic/probable, non-COVID-19); (2) severity; and (3) severity change on paired CXRs using the two scoring systems.

Renal and Urological Disorders Associated With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Renal and urinary tract complications related to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been relatively understudied in the literature compared with other extraintestinal manifestations. Presentation of these renal manifestations can be subtle, and their detection is complicated by a lack of clarity regarding the optimal screening and routine monitoring of renal function in IBD patients. Urolithiasis is the most common manifestation.

Recent advances in clinical practice: advances in cross-sectional imaging in inflammatory bowel disease.

Endoscopy remains the reference standard for the diagnosis and assessment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but it has several important limitations. Cross-sectional imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) and intestinal ultrasound (IUS) are better tolerated and safer. Moreover, they can examine the entire bowel, even in patients with stenoses and/or severe inflammation.

Diagnostic Performance of Magnetic Resonance Enterography Disease Activity Indices Compared with a Histological Reference Standard for Adult Terminal Ileal Crohn's Disease: Experience from the METRIC Trial.

Background And Aims: The simplified magnetic resonance enterography [MRE] index of activity [sMARIA], London, and 'extended' London, scoring systems are widely used in Crohn's disease [CD] to assess disease activity, although validation studies have usually been single-centre, retrospective, and/or used few readers. Here, we evaluated these MRE indices within a prospective, multicentre, multireader, diagnostic accuracy trial.

Methods: A subset of participants [newly diagnosed or suspected of relapse] recruited to the METRIC trial with available terminal ileal [TI] biopsies was included.

Are preoperative CT variables associated with the success or failure of subsequent ventral hernia repair: nested case-control study.

Objectives: Systematic review of CT measurements to predict the success or failure of subsequent ventral hernia repair has found limited data available in the indexed literature. To rectify this, we investigated multiple preoperative CT metrics to identify if any were associated with postoperative reherniation.

Methods: Following ethical permission, we identified patients who had undergone ventral hernia repair and had preoperative CT scanning available.

Valorization of rice biomass by a green approach to release phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activities.

In the present context, we have assessed the green approach for the extraction of phenolics from agro-residues of rice viz., rice bran, and rice straw using water as an extracting solvent. The extraction was optimized with respect to time, temperature, pH, and solid (agro-residues) to liquid (water) ratio.

Efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan compared with enalapril in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: Results from PARADIGM-HF India sub-study.

Objectives: To determine efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan compared with enalapril in Indian patients of PARADIGM-HF trial.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, phase III sub-study (NCT01035255) was conducted between April 2010 and May 2014. Patients with chronic heart failure (HF), aged >18 years with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40% were randomized (1:1) to receive either sacubitril/valsartan 200 mg twice-daily or enalapril 10 mg twice-daily.

Use of Gla-100 in Special Situations.

Insulin therapy is the cornerstone of diabetes management in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, its use is recommended even in special populations and situations such as the elderly, pregnant women, obese individuals, people observing religious fasting, and in the presence of comorbidities such as renal insufficiency, and cancer. Since these special situations predispose to complications such as a high risk of hypoglycemia, patients need constant glucose monitoring and insulin dose adjustments, wherever applicable.

Renal cryoablation - a practical guide for interventional radiologists.

Renal cryoablation is a treatment option for early stage renal cell carcinomas with excellent oncological outcomes and low morbidity. This review outlines the technique of renal cryoablation and provides a guide for interventional radiologists on setting up an integrated service within a renal cancer network multidisciplinary setting. Patient selection and preparation, together with the technical aspects which ensure optimal oncological outcomes and avoid collateral damage to adjacent organs are highlighted.

Quantitative assessment of terminal ileum motility on MR enterography in Crohn disease: a feasibility study in children.

Objectives: Investigate the relationship between quantified terminal ileal (TI) motility and histopathological activity grading, Crohn Disease MRI Index (CDMI) and faecal calprotectin.

Methods: Retrospective review of children with Crohn disease or unclassified inflammatory bowel disease, who underwent MR enterography. Dynamic imaging for 25 patients (median age 12, range 5 to 16) was analysed with a validated motility algorithm.

Serum Scoring and Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Intestinal Failure-Associated Liver Disease: A Feasibility Study.

(1) Background: Intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) in adults is characterized by steatosis with variable progression to fibrosis/cirrhosis. Reference standard liver biopsy is not feasible for all patients, but non-invasive serological and quantitative MRI markers for diagnosis/monitoring have not been previously validated. Here, we examine the potential of serum scores and feasibility of quantitative MRI used in non-IFALD liver diseases for the diagnosis of IFALD steatosis; (2) Methods: Clinical and biochemical parameters were used to calculate serum scores in patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) with/without IFALD steatosis.

Publisher Correction: Purification, Biochemical Characterization, and Facile Immobilization of Laccase from Sphingobacterium ksn-11 and its Application in Transformation of Diclofenac.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake in the equation under "Immobilized Laccase Activity and its Storage Stability" section.

Purification, Biochemical Characterization, and Facile Immobilization of Laccase from Sphingobacterium ksn-11 and its Application in Transformation of Diclofenac.

An extracellular laccase enzyme secreted from Sphingobacterium ksn-11 was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity, showing a molecular weight of 90 kDa. The purified enzyme was monomeric in nature confirmed by sodium dodecyl gel electrophoresis. The optimum temperature and pH were found to be 40 °C and 4.

Outcomes of Renal Tumors Treated by Image-Guided Percutaneous Cryoablation: Immediate and 3- and 5-Year Outcomes at a Regional Center.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immediate and 3- and 5-year outcomes of patients with clinical stage T1 (cT1) biopsy-proven renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treated by image-guided percutaneous cryoablation at a regional interventional oncology center. A prospectively maintained local interventional radiology database identified patients with cT1 RCC lesions that were treated by percutaneous cryoablation. Technical success, procedural complications (graded using the Clavien-Dindo classification system), and the residual unablated tumor rate were collated.

Comparison of small intestinal contrast ultrasound with magnetic resonance enterography in pediatric Crohn's disease.

Aim: To compare the diagnostic yield of small intestinal contrast ultrasonography (SICUS) with magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) in routine clinical practice in a cohort of pediatric patients investigated for Crohn's disease (CD) attending a UK tertiary center.

Methods And Results: Patients with suspected or established CD who underwent SICUS were identified retrospectively. SICUS was compared to conventional transabdominal ultrasound (TUS), ileocolonoscopy (IC), and MRE.

Anticoagulation in Concomitant Chronic Kidney Disease and Atrial Fibrillation: JACC Review Topic of the Week.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) often coexist as they share multiple risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease. Although there is irrefutable evidence supporting anticoagulation in AF in the general population, these data may not be transferable to the setting of advanced CKD, where the decision to commence anticoagulation poses a conundrum. In this cohort, there is a progressively increased risk of both ischemic stroke and hemorrhage as renal function declines, complicating the decision to initiate anticoagulation.

Comparative assessment of solvents and lignocellulolytic enzymes affiliated extraction of polyphenols from the various lignocellulosic agro-residues: identification and their antioxidant properties.

The present investigation was aimed to utilize lignocellulosic agro-residues and compare the extraction of polyphenols utilizing lignocellulolytic enzymes secreted by sp. ksn and with that of the solvents (ethanol, methanol) affiliated methods. The maximum amount of polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins were 94.