A trans-disciplinary agro-ecology strategy to grow medicinal plants.

The scope of the emerging field of Ayurvedic-biology visualized thus far is confined to studies on dimensions pertaining to clinical and experimental pharmacology, basic trans-disciplinary science and drug design. However, given the multiple facets of classical Ayurveda knowledge system, its application in the field of organic agriculture perhaps also needs to be urgently explored. The urgency is due to the growing public acceptance of Ayurveda as a preferred clinical choice for well-being and disease management.

C-reactive Protein-based Screening of People with Tuberculosis Symptoms: A Diagnostic Accuracy Study.

: C-reactive protein (CRP)-based tuberculosis (TB) screening is recommended for people with HIV (PWH). However, its performance among people without HIV and in diverse settings is unknown. : In a multi-country study, we aimed to determine whether CRP meets the minimum accuracy targets (sensitivity ≥90%, specificity ≥70%) for an effective TB screening test.

Sarcoidosis Treatment Patterns in the United States: 2016-2022.

Background: There are limited US Federal Drug Administration-approved medications and real-world data on sarcoidosis treatment in the United States. Concordance of practice patterns with guideline recommendations have not been well characterized.

Research Question: What are the practice patterns and factors associated with treatment for patients with sarcoidosis in the year following diagnosis?

Study Design And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of patients with sarcoidosis from 2016 to 2022 using a multicenter, all-payer claims database (TriNetX).

Effectiveness of Video-Observed Therapy in Tuberculosis Management: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review aimed to assess the association between video-observed therapy (VOT) and treatment adherence among TB patients and the benefits and limitations of this treatment modality. The systematic review used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow guideline. Multiple databases including Cochrane, Lilacs, PubMed, Scopus, Lancet, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ), and BMC were employed to identify relevant articles published between 2012 and 2024.

Variation in Triage to Pediatric vs Adult ICUs Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Asthma Exacerbations.

Background: More than 90,000 children and adults in the United States are hospitalized with an asthma exacerbation annually, and between 5% and 34% of these hospitalizations include admission to an ICU. It is unclear how adolescent and young adults with severe asthma exacerbations are triaged in the inpatient setting between PICUs and adult ICUs. Using a large multicenter US cohort, we characterized how hospitals triage adolescents and young adults with asthma exacerbations between PICUs and adult ICUs.

The Effectiveness of Alpha-2-Macroglobulin Injections for Osteoarthritis of the Knee.

Background: Intra-articular (IA) injections of plateletrich plasma (PRP) have been increasingly used in the nonoperative treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) but have considerable heterogeneity in both formulation and clinical results. Alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) is a large plasma protein found in PRP that inhibits cartilage-degrading enzymes and could be an efficacious OA treatment independently. The purpose of this study was to compare the short-term clinical efficacy of IA injection of A2M-rich PRP concentrate to conventionally prepared PRP and corticosteroids in the management of symptomatic knee OA.

Significant systematic bias of alpha angles measured on MRI compared to various radiographic views in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the inter-rater reproducibility and inter-method comparability of hip alpha angle measurements on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) and plain radiographs in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS).

Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients who were diagnosed with symptomatic FAIS underwent preoperative MRI/MRA with axial oblique and/or radial plane imaging and had preoperative radiographs with anterior-posterior (AP), 45° Dunn and 90° Dunn views. Alpha angle measurements were performed independently by two musculoskeletal radiologists.

The Use of Postoperative Antibiotics in Shoulder Arthroscopy Patients.

Background: Shoulder arthroscopy and related complications like deep tissue infections have increased in the last several decades. Practice patterns have shown significant consensus among arthroscopic surgeons supporting intraoperative pre-incision antibiotic usage and against postoperative antibiotic usage. While there is consensus in practice, the absence of robust guidelines for postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis after shoulder arthroscopy warrants further research.

Multi-centric evaluation of Truenat MTB and MTB-RIF Dx assays for diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB) is difficult to diagnose due to paucibacillary nature of disease. Current study evaluated accuracy of Truenat MTB and MTB-Rif Dx (TN), for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and resistance to rifampicin. Samples were collected from 2103 treatment naive adults with presumptive EPTB, and tested by smear microscopy, liquid culture (LC) (MGIT-960) and GeneXpert MTB/RIF (GX) (Microbiological Reference Standards, MRS).

Practice Patterns for Acute Asthma Exacerbation in Adult Patients Admitted to U.S. Intensive Care Units.

Guidelines recommend systemic corticosteroids and inhaled β-agonists for patients with severe asthma exacerbation who are admitted to intensive care units. The benefits and utilization of adjunct treatments after guideline-recommended first-line treatments have been initiated are unclear. Examine practice patterns of adjunct interventions in US intensive care units (ICUs) and their associations with outcomes for adults with severe asthma exacerbations.

Versatility of Transport Distraction Osteogenesis for Reconstruction of Lateral Mandibular Ablative Defects.

Introduction: The reconstitution of form and function after maxillofacial tumor resection or traumatic bony defects is a challenge when considering reconstructive options. The reconstructive options will depend upon whether the tissues to be replaced included bone alone or both bone and soft tissue (composite resection).

Methodology: This study was carried out on nine patients who with benign tumors or cysts of the mandible that required segmental resection.

Effectiveness and Distribution of Anesthesia for a Modified Extra Oral Maxillo-Mandibular Nerve Block for Dento-Alveolar Procedures: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of a modified maxillo-mandibular nerve block technique that includes anesthetizing the maxillary and mandibular nerve with single injection.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, clinical cohort study was carried out including patients who presented for surgical removal of maxillary and mandibular third molars. All patients were administered maxilla-mandibular nerve block through a single injection on one side.

Effect of Spinopelvic Parameters on Outcomes After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome.

Background: Spinopelvic parameters, including pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), and pelvic incidence, have been developed to characterize the relationship between lumbar spine and hip motion, but a paucity of literature is available characterizing differences in spinopelvic parameters among patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) versus patients without FAIS, as well as the effect of these parameters on outcomes of arthroscopic treatment of FAIS.

Purpose: To (1) identify differences in spinopelvic parameters between patients with FAIS versus controls without FAIS; (2) identify associations between spinopelvic parameters and preoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs); and (3) identify differences in PROs between patients with stiff spines (standing-sitting ΔSS ≤10°) versus those without.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

lVentral tethering-is the prognosis worse than in dorsal tethering in the dysraphic spine?

Objective: To compare cases of dysraphism with ventral tethering of cord with those with dorsal tethering and to find out any differences in the outcome of surgery in them.

Methods: We collected the data of 188 consecutively operated tethered cord patients at our institute in the past 7 years and divided them into ventral tethering and dorsal tethering groups. Those that we felt had both dorsal and ventral tethering were excluded.

C-reactive protein-based tuberculosis triage testing: a multi-country diagnostic accuracy study.

Rationale: C-reactive protein (CRP)-based tuberculosis (TB) screening is recommended for people with HIV (PWH). However, its performance among people without HIV and in diverse settings is unknown.

Objectives: In a multi-country study, we aimed to determine whether CRP meets the minimum accuracy targets (sensitivity ≥90%, specificity ≥70%) for an effective TB triage test.

Female patients have greater improvement in pain symptoms and physical activity after fasciotomy for treatment of chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the lower leg.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify sex differences in postoperative outcomes and return-to-sport rates after fasciotomy for treatment of chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) of the lower leg. It was hypothesised that male CECS patients would have a higher rate of return to sport than female CECS patients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving patients who underwent primary fasciotomy of one to four leg compartments for treatment of CECS at a single centre from 2010 to 2020.

Post-traumatic lumbar nerve root entrapment into the spinous process of the lumbar spine.

Thoracolumbar fractures constitute a significant portion of spinal trauma, accounting for 15-20% of the cases. These fractures, caused by high-impact injuries, may involve tears of the posterior ligamentous complex, presenting a high chance of neurological injury ranging from dural tears to spinal root avulsion. This case report discusses a rare occurrence of avulsion of lumbosacral nerve roots posteriorly, becoming entrapped in the fractured spinous process of the L2 lumbar vertebra, leading to cauda equina syndrome following trauma and its implications during surgery.

Effect of Surface Chemistry on Hemolysis, Thrombogenicity, and Toxicity of Carbon Nanotube Doped Thermally Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Implants.

Assessing blood compatibility is crucial before in vivo procedures and is considered more reliable than many in vitro tests. This study examines the physiochemical properties and blood compatibility of bioactive powders ((0.5-2 wt % carbon nanotube (CNT)/alumina)-20 wt %)) produced through a heterocoagulation colloidal technique followed by ball milling with hydroxyapatite (HAp).

Impact of post-COVID-19 lung damage on pulmonary function, exercise tolerance and quality of life in Indian subjects.

After recovery from COVID-19, there is data to suggest potential long-term pulmonary sequelae and associated impairment of functional capacity. This cross-sectional study was designed to assess the impact on respiratory function in a cohort of Indian subjects. Subjects who had recovered from COVID-19 were recruited.