Photoinduced Cobaloxime-Catalyzed Regio- and Diastereoselective Hydrogen-Evolution C(sp)-H Phosphorylation of Bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes.

Radical-initiated functionalization of bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes (BCBs) is a straightforward approach to accessing diverse cyclobutane derivatives.

RNA Translocation through Protein Nanopores: Interlude of the Molten RNA Globule.

Direct translocation of RNA with secondary structures using single-molecule electrophoresis through protein nanopores shows significant fluctuations in the measured ionic current, in contrast to unstructured single-stranded RNA or DNA. We developed a multiscale model combining the oxRNA model for RNA with the 3-dimensional Poisson-Nernst-Planck formalism for electric fields within protein pores, aiming to map RNA conformations to ionic currents as RNA translocates through three protein nanopores: α-hemolysin, CsgG, and MspA. Our findings reveal three distinct stages of translocation (pseudoknot, melting, and molten globule) based on contact maps and current values.

Modulation of the Second-Beyond Coordination Structure in Single-Atom Electrocatalysts for Confirmed Promotion of Ammonia Synthesis.

Although microenvironments surrounding single-atom catalysts (SACs) have been widely demonstrated to have a remarkable effect on their catalytic performances, it remains unclear whether the local structure beyond the secondary coordination shells works as well or not. Herein, we employed a series of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with well-defined and tunable second-beyond coordination spheres as model SAC electrocatalysts to discuss the influence of long-distance structure on the ammonia synthesis from nitrate, which were synthesized and denoted as Cu-NDI-X (X = NMe, H, F). It is first experimentally confirmed that the remote substitution of function groups beyond the secondary coordination sphere can remarkably affect the activity of ammonia synthesis.

TSPOAP1-AS1: A Novel Biomarker for the Prognosis and Therapeutic Target in Cervical Cancer.

Background: TSPOAP1 antisense RNA 1 (TSPOAP1-AS1) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that has received widespread attention in oncology research in recent years. Its role and mechanism in some cancers have gradually been revealed. However, it is not clear what role TSPOAP1-AS1 plays in cervical cancer (CESC).

The Anaphylactic and Anti-allergenic Properties of Shuanghuanglian: A Review.

Shuanghuanglian (SHL) and its primary constituents have demonstrated protective effects against allergenic diseases. This review examines the anaphylactic and anti-allergenic activities of SHL and its constituents. We also discuss potential avenues for future research, particularly regarding the expansion of the clinical applications of SHL formulations (oral or nebulized) for the treatment of allergenic disorders.

Machine-Learning Based Computed Tomography Radiomics Nomgram For Predicting Perineural Invasion In Gastric Cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and validate predictive models for perineural invasion (PNI) in gastric cancer (GC) using clinical factors and radiomics features derived from contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) scans and to compare the performance of these models.

Methods: This study included 205 GC patients, who were randomly divided into a training set (n=143) and a validation set (n=62) in a 7:3 ratio. Optimal radiomics features were selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm.

Polycarbonate-Based Polymersome Photosensitizers with Cell-Penetrating Properties for Improved Killing of Cancer Cells.

Polymer-based photosensitizers have found various applications in photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, the absence of targeting ability commonly results in a substantial reduction in photosensitizer accumulation at the tumor site, significantly limiting the therapeutic efficacy of the system. In addition, the development of biodegradable polymeric photosensitizers is of critical importance for biological applications.

Association Between Healthful Plant-Based Dietary Pattern and Obesity Trajectories and Future Cardiovascular Diseases in Middle-Aged and Elderly: A Prospective and Longitudinal Cohort Study.

We aimed to explore the association between plant-based dietary (PBD) patterns and obesity trajectories in middle-aged and elderly, as well as obesity trajectories linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. A total of 7108 middle-aged and elderly UK Biobank participants with at least three physical measurements were included. Dietary information collected at enrolment was used to calculate the healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI).

Therapeutic Potential of Vanillic Acid in Ulcerative Colitis Through Microbiota and Macrophage Modulation.

This study investigated the protective effects of the dietary polyphenol vanillic acid (VA) on dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice, focusing on its impact on the gut microbiota and inflammatory responses. VA was supplemented following dextran sulfate sodium administration, and key indicators, including body weight, disease activity index, colon length, spleen index, and inflammatory markers, were assessed. VA supplementation significantly alleviated UC symptoms, preserved intestinal barrier integrity, and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.

Overcoming Energy-Scaling Barriers: Efficient Ammonia Electrosynthesis on High-Entropy Alloy Catalysts.

Electrochemically converting nitrate (NO ) to value-added ammonia (NH) is a complex process involving an eight-electron transfer and numerous intermediates, presenting a significant challenge for optimization. A multi-elemental synergy strategy to regulate the local electronic structure at the atomic level is proposed, creating a broad adsorption energy landscape in high-entropy alloy (HEA) catalysts. This approach enables optimal adsorption and desorption of various intermediates, effectively overcoming energy-scaling limitations for efficient NH electrosynthesis.

Scalable Synthesis of 2D ErOCl with Sub-meV Narrow Emissions at Telecom Band.

Van der Waals (vdWs) materials are promising candidates for hetero-integration with silicon photonics toward miniaturization and integration. VdWs materials like molybdenum telluride and black phosphorus, despite being prominent, exhibit air sensitivity, and their room temperature emissions can be significantly broadened by tens of meV. Here, a self-encapsulation strategy is developed to scalably synthesize robust 2D vdWs ErOCl with sub-meV narrow emissions at the telecom C-band.

High Gain, Low Voltage Solar-Blind Deep UV Photodetector Based on GaO/(AlGa)O/GaN nBp Heterojunction.

In this study an (AlGa)O barrier layer is inserted between β-GaO and GaN in a p-GaN/n-GaO diode photodetector, causing the dark current to decrease considerably, and device performance to improve significantly. The β-GaO/β-(AlGa)O/GaN n-type/Barrier/p-type photodetector achieves a photocurrent gain of 1246, responsivity of 237 A W, and specific detectivity of 5.23 × 10 cm Hz W under a bias of -20 V.

Self-Reconstruction of High Entropy Alloys for Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution.

Alkaline water (HO) electrolysis is currently a commercialized green hydrogen (H) production technology, yet the unsatisfactory hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance severely limits its energy conversion efficiency and cost reduction. Herein, PtRuFeCoNi high entropy alloys (HEAs) is synthesized and subsequently exploited electrochemically induced structural oxidation processes to construct self-reconfigurable HEAs, as an efficient alkaline HER catalyst. The optimized self-reconstructed PtRuFeCoNi HEAs with the HEAs and cobalt rutheniate interface (HEAs-CoRuO) exhibits excellent alkaline HER performance, requiring just 11.

An OMV-Based Nanovaccine as Antigen Presentation Signal Enhancer for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) process tumor vaccines and present tumor antigens as the first signals to T cells to activate anti-tumor immunity, which process requires the assistance of co-stimulatory second signals on APCs. The immune checkpoint programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) not only mediates the immune escape of tumor cells but also acts as a co-inhibitory second signal on APCs. The serious dysfunction of second signals due to the high expression of PD-L1 on APCs in the tumor body results in the inefficiency of tumor vaccines.

Observation of Large Low-Field Magnetoresistance in Layered (NdNiO):NdO Films at High Temperatures.

Large low-field magnetoresistance (LFMR, < 1 T), related to the spin-disorder scattering or spin-polarized tunneling at boundaries of polycrystalline manganates, holds considerable promise for the development of low-power and ultrafast magnetic devices. However, achieving significant LFMR typically necessitates extremely low temperatures due to diminishing spin polarization as temperature rises. To address this challenge, one strategy involves incorporating Ruddlesden-Popper structures (ABO):AO, which are layered derivatives of perovskite structure capable of potentially inducing heightened magnetic fluctuations at higher temperatures.

Engineering Highly Aligned and Densely Populated Cardiac Muscle Bundles via Fibrin Remodeling in 3D-Printed Anisotropic Microfibrous Lattices.

Replicating the structural and functional features of native myocardium, particularly its high-density cellular alignment and efficient electrical connectivity, is essential for engineering functional cardiac tissues. Here, novel electrohydrodynamically printed InterPore microfibrous lattices with anisotropic architectures are introduced to promote high-density cellular alignment and enhanced tissue interconnectivity. The interconnected pores in the microfibrous lattice enable dynamic, cell-mediated remodeling of fibrous hydrogels, resulting in continuous, mechanically stable tissue bundles.

Gastric Cancer Models Developed via GelMA 3D Bioprinting Accurately Mimic Cancer Hallmarks, Tumor Microenvironment Features, and Drug Responses.

Current in vitro models for gastric cancer research, such as 2D cell cultures and organoid systems, often fail to replicate the complex extracellular matrix (ECM) found in vivo. For the first time, this study utilizes a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel, a biomimetic ECM-like material, in 3D bioprinting to construct a physiologically relevant gastric cancer model. GelMA's tunable mechanical properties allow for the precise manipulation of cellular behavior within physiological ranges.

Position Optimization of Bulky Tetraphenylsilane in Multiple Resonance Molecules for Highly Efficient Narrowband OLEDs.

Multiple resonance (MR)-type thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have garnered significant interest due to their narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) and high electroluminescence efficiency. However, the planar structures and large singlet-triplet energy gaps (ΔEs) characteristic of MR-TADF molecules pose challenges to achieving high-performance devices. Herein, two isomeric compounds, p-TPS-BN and m-TPS-BN, are synthesized differing in the connection modes between a bulky tetraphenylsilane (TPS) group and an MR core.

Target Discovery Driven by Chemical Biology and Computational Biology.

Target identification is crucial for drug screening and development because it can reveal the mechanism of drug action and ensure the reliability and accuracy of the results. Chemical biology, an interdisciplinary field combining chemistry and biology, can assist in this process by studying the interactions between active molecular compounds and proteins and their physiological effects. It can also help predict potential drug targets or candidates, develop new biomarker assays and diagnostic reagents, and evaluate the selectivity and range of active compounds to reduce the risk of off-target effects.

Combining Top-Down and Bottom-Up: An Open Microfluidic Microtumor Model for Investigating Tumor Cell-ECM Interaction and Anti-Metastasis.

Using a combined top-down (i.e., operator-directed) and bottom-up (i.

Ultrahigh-Selectivity Photocatalytic Upgrading of Bio-Aldehydes/Diols to Monoalcohols Via In Situ Circumventing Coupling Co-Products Over Janus Single-Atom Pd/TiO.

Photocatalytic transfer hydrogenation of biomass-derived aldehydes to alcohols often results in unwanted coupling co-products. Herein, an ultraselective hydrogen transfer system enabled by in situ oxidative C─C bond cleavage over a Janus single-atom palladium on titanium dioxide (0.5Pd/TiO) photocatalyst is presented.

Nonvolatile Memory Device Based on the Ferroelectric Metal/Ferroelectric Semiconductor Junction.

The ferroelectric tunnel junction (FTJ) is a competitive candidate for post-Moore nonvolatile memories due to its low power consumption and nonvolatility, with its performance being strongly dependent on the conditions for contact between the ferroelectric material and the metal electrode. The development of two-dimensional materials in recent years has offered new opportunities such as functional metal layers, which is challenging for traditional FTJ systems. Here, we introduce the newly discovered ferroelectric metal WTe as the electrode to construct WTe/α-InSe/Au ferroelectric semiconductor junctions.

Beyond Inducing Anionic Redox: Controllable Migration Sequence of Li Ions in Transition Metal Layers Toward Highly Stable Li-Rich Cathodes.

The energy density of layered oxides of Li-ion batteries can be enhanced by inducing oxygen redox through replacing transition metal (TM) ions with Li ions in the TM layer. Undesirably, the cathodes always suffer from unfavorable structural degradation, which is closely associated with irreversible TM migration and slab gliding, resulting in continuous capacity and voltage decay. Herein, attention is paid to the Li ions in the TM layer (Li) and find their extra effects beyond inducing oxygen redox, which has been rarely mentioned.

A Mitochondria-Related Signature in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Prognosis, Immune and Therapeutic Features.

Background: Distinctive heterogeneity characterizes diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), one of the most frequent types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Mitochondria have been demonstrated to be closely involved in tumorigenesis and progression, particularly in DLBCL.

Objective: The purposes of this study were to identify the prognostic mitochondria-related genes (MRGs) in DLBCL, and to develop a risk model based on MRGs and machine learning algorithms.

Effective One-for-All Phototheranostic Agent for Hypoxia-Tolerant NIR-II Fluorescent/PA Image-Guided Phototherapy.

Near-infrared (NIR)-triggered type-I photosensitizers are crucial to address the constraints of hypoxic tumor microenvironments in phototherapy; however, significant challenges remain. By selecting an electron-deficient unit, a matched energy gap in the upper-level state is instrumental in boosting the efficiency of intersystem crossing for the type-I electron transfer process. 2-Cyanothiazole, an electron acceptor, is covalently linked with N, N-diphenyl-4-(thiophen-2-yl)aniline to yield a multifunctional photosensitizer (TTNH) that exhibits intrinsic NIR absorbance and compatible T energy levels, facilitating both radiative and nonradiative transitions.