Dynamic Simulator for Three-Phase Gravity Separators in Oil Production Facilities.

In this study, a dynamic simulator for three-phase gravity separators in oil production facilities is proposed. The mass conservation equation is established to calculate the pressure, water level, and oil level in the separator and the mass balance equation of the dispersed phase to calculate the oil-water separation efficiency. The proportional integral controllers are applied to control the water level, oil level, and pressure in the separator by setting the opening of the three outlet valves of oil, gas, and water.

Evolution of morphology and cohesive force of hydrate particles in the presence/absence of wax.

In the exploitation of deep-sea oil and gas resources, the multiphase production and transportation process is frequently plagued by pipeline blockage issues. Especially when hydrates and wax coexist simultaneously, the viscosity and plugging tendency of multiphase flow systems will synergistically increase. Understanding the evolution of morphology of hydrate particles and the agglomeration characteristics of hydrate particles in the presence or absence of wax crystals is crucial to flow assurance industry.

Study on the kinetic characteristics of gas hydrate in the dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate system.

Surfactants promote the production of hydrates, which provide a possibility for the industrialization of hydrate technology. In this paper, methane and CO hydrate formation experiments were carried out, respectively, with surfactant-dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DSS) using a visual experimental apparatus at a constant pressure. This study explored the influence of the surfactant dosage, experimental pressure, and subcooling temperature on the dynamic characteristics of hydrate formation.

Study on the Formation Characteristics of CO Hydrate and the Rheological Properties of Slurry in a Flow System Containing Surfactants.

Adding low dosage hydrate inhibitors to the hydrate systems makes the generated hydrate particles more uniformly dispersed in the liquid phase, which can significantly reduce the hydrate accumulation and blockage in oil and gas pipelines. The effect of surfactant hydrophile-lipophilic balance (HLB) values on hydrate flow characteristics was studied with a flow loop. The experimental results showed that there was a critical HLB value.

Experimental Study of the Growth Kinetics of Natural Gas Hydrates in an Oil-Water Emulsion System.

In order to explore the growth kinetics characteristics of NGH (natural gas hydrate) in an oil and gas mixed transportation pipeline and ensure the safe transportation of the pipeline, with the high-pressure hydrate experimental loop, an experimental study on the growth characteristics of NGH in an oil-water emulsion system was carried out, and the effects of pressure, flow rate, and water cut on the hydrate induction time, gas consumption, consumption rate, and hydrate volume fraction were explored, and important experimental rules were obtained. The experiment was divided into three stages: in the rapid formation stage of the hydrate, the temperature and gas consumption rose sharply, and the pressure dropped suddenly. The induction time decreased with the increase of pressure, flow rate, and water cut.

Hydrate slurry flow property in W/O emulsion systems.

Hydrate risk management strategy has become a promising way of dealing with hydrates in subsea transportation pipelines in recent years. In this way, hydrates are allowed to form in the pipeline and are treated as a slurry flow with the help of anti-agglomerants. This work investigated the effect of hydrate formation on the flow friction factor in water in oil (W/O) emulsion systems.

Ruthenium-catalyzed olefin metathesis accelerated by the steric effect of the backbone substituent in cyclic (alkyl)(amino) carbenes.

Three ruthenium complexes bearing backbone-monosubstituted CAACs were prepared and displayed dramatic improvement in catalytic efficiency not only in RCM reaction but also in the ethenolysis of methyl oleate, compared to those bearing backbone-disubstituted CAACs.