A novel single-domain antibody obtained from immune Bactrian camels against botulinum toxin type A using SPR-based screening method.

Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is a highly lethal toxin produced by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which leads to nerve paralysis following poisoning. At present, there is no specific drug officially approved. Antibodies, particularly single-domain antibodies, represent safe and effective candidates for specific drugs against BoNT.

Detection of TNF-α using the established ab-MPs-CLIA.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a key cytokine in inflammation and immune responses, making its rapid and accurate detection essential for disease diagnosis and management. In this study, we developed a highly sensitive chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) using antibody-coated magnetic particles (Ab-MPs-CLIA) for TNF-α detection. From nine candidate antibodies, we identified an optimal pair through epitope competition and affinity assessments, significantly improving assay performance.

Whitening and antioxidant activities of Extract and development of primary whitening gel products.

Polysaccharides and flavonoids have excellent antioxidant properties and tyrosinase inhibitory effects. In this paper, the antioxidant capacity of extract and its inhibition kinetics on mushroom tyrosinase were investigated to determine the preparation process of primary whitening gel. By conducting experimental studies on the effects of water extract and alcohol extract of on antioxidant capacity and tyrosinase activity, their inhibitory ability and types of inhibitory effects were determined.