Near-infrared and multifunctional fluorescent probe enabled by cyanopyridine cyanine dye for bisulfite recognition and biological imaging.

SO derivatives, sulfite/bisulfite, are widely employed in both the food processing and drug synthesis industries. Despite their widespread application, excessive levels of sulfite/bisulfite can negatively impact human health. Most probes for detecting sulfite/bisulfite are restricted by their fluorescence within the visible spectrum range and poor solubility in aqueous solution, which limit their use in food testing and biological imaging.