Three-dimensional reconstruction and morphological characterization of pituitary macroadenomas.

Introduction: The aim was to investigate the relationship between the tumor (clinicopathologic and radiological) characteristics and the morphological parameters of pituitary macroadenoma or giant adenoma patients using a three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed model.

Material And Methods: Magnetic resoanance imaging (MRI) was performed preoperatively; tumor grade was determined by the Knosp-Steiner classification and tumor morphology by the SIPAP classification. Pituitary adenomas and adjacent structures were reconstructed three-dimensionally by volume rendering.

A virtual reality model of the clivus and surgical simulation via transoral or transnasal route.

Background: Neurosurgery in areas with restricted space and complicated anatomy can be greatly aided by the virtual reality (VR) technique. The clivus represents one of such challenging surgical areas, but its VR has not been established. The present study aimed to document a VR model of clival anatomy that may be useful in clival surgery.

Stereoscopic virtual reality models for planning tumor resection in the sellar region.

Background: It is difficult for neurosurgeons to perceive the complex three-dimensional anatomical relationships in the sellar region.

Methods: To investigate the value of using a virtual reality system for planning resection of sellar region tumors. The study included 60 patients with sellar tumors.

Risk factors for intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a case-control study in China.

Background/aims: The risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma are incompletely defined in China, especially for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). We evaluated the risk factors for both ICC and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC).

Methods: A case-control study in which cases were cholangiocarcinoma patients referred to Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) between 1998 and 2008 and controls were healthy individuals.

[Effect of silicosis alveolar macrophages on expression of c-myc in human embryo lung fibroblast in vitro].

Objective: To study the effect of silicosis alveolar macrophages (AM) restimulated by SiO(2) on expression of c-myc oncogene in human embryo lung fibroblasts.

Methods: The bronchoalveolar lavage of silicosis patients was collected. AMs were divided into 2 groups: (1) SiO(2): AMs were stimulated with SiO(2) (30 microg/ml) for 1, 2, 6, 12, 24 and 36 h; (2) control: treated for the same time without SiO(2).