The effect of statins on the risk of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury among patients with active tuberculosis: A cohort study.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains prevalent worldwide, and anti-TB drugs are associated with drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Statins have pleiotropic effects which may decrease inflammation and achieve immunomodulation. However, few studies have investigated the pleiotropic effects of statins on the risk of DILI.

The relationships between routine admission blood tests and burn size, and length of stay in intensive care unit.

Background: Although blood test is a routine in major burns, its relationship with burn size and intensive care unit length of stay (ICULOS) remains undetermined. We investigated the feasibility of using these tests as a reference for definite diagnosis of major burn size, burn size >20% of the total body surface area (TBSA), and their relationships with ICULOS.

Methods: Data of routine laboratory blood tests within 24 h after burns (n = 73) were collected retrospectively.

The "rail sign": an ultrasound finding in placenta accreta spectrum indicating deep villous invasion and adverse outcomes.

Background: Ultrasound has demonstrated a high accuracy in the prenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum. However, it is not known whether ultrasound findings can pinpoint the depths of villous invasion, recommend surgical strategies, and predict clinical outcomes.

Objective: We described an ultrasound descriptor for the placenta accreta spectrum and investigated whether it can predict the severity of villous invasion and clinical outcomes.

Systematic review and sequential network meta-analysis on the efficacy of periodontal regenerative therapies.

Aims: We aimed to update a previous network meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of periodontal regenerative therapies on the treatment of infrabony lesions.

Materials And Methods: Seven clinical trials were added after literature research for studies published between January 2011 and September 2019. We conducted network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the effects of guided tissue regeneration (GTR), enamel matrix derivatives (EMD) and their combination therapies on probing pocket depth (PPD) reduction and clinical attachment level (CAL) gain.

Anti-Proliferative Activity of Triterpenoids and Sterols Isolated from Alstonia scholaris against Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Cells.

(1) Background: In China and South Asia, (Apocynaceae) is an important medicinal plant that has been historically used in traditional ethnopharmacy to treat infectious diseases. Although various pharmacological activities have been reported, the anti-lung cancer components of have not yet been identified. The objective of this study is to evaluate the active components of the leaf extract of and assess the anti-proliferation effects of isolated compounds against non-small-cell lung carcinoma cells; (2) Methods: NMR was used to identify the chemical constitutes isolated from the leaf extract of .

The Pleiotropic Antibacterial Mechanisms of Ursolic Acid against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

(1) BACKGROUND: Several triterpenoids were found to act synergistically with classes of antibiotic, indicating that plant-derived chemicals have potential to be used as therapeutics to enhance the activity of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant pathogens. However, the mode of action of triterpenoids against bacterial pathogens remains unclear. The objective of this study is to evaluate the interaction between ursolic acid against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA); (2) METHODS: The ability of ursolic acid to damage mammalian and bacterial membranes was examined.

Cinnamtannin D1 from Rhododendron formosanum Induces Autophagy via the Inhibition of Akt/mTOR and Activation of ERK1/2 in Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Cells.

In our previous study, ursolic acid present in the leaves of Rhododendron formosanum was found to possess antineoplastic activity. We further isolated and unveiled a natural product, cinnamtannin D1 (CNT D1), an A-type procyanidin trimer in R. formosanum also exhibiting anticancer efficacy that induced G1 arrest (83.

Structure Elucidation of Procyanidins Isolated from Rhododendron formosanum and Their Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Bacterial Activities.

Rhododendron formosanum is an endemic species distributed in the central mountains of Taiwan. In this study, the biological activities of major procyanidins isolated from the leaf extract of R. formosanum were investigated.

Chemical constituents of Rhododendron formosanum show pronounced growth inhibitory effect on non-small-cell lung carcinoma cells.

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Rhododendron formosanum Hemsl. (Ericaceae), an endemic species in Taiwan, exhibits antineoplastic potential against non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). R.

Chemopreventive effects of pterostilbene on urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis in mice via the inhibition of EGFR-mediated pathways and the induction of apoptosis and autophagy.

Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths globally. Due to the lack of successful chemopreventive agents for lung cancer, there is an emerging need to evaluate new and effective agents for lung cancer prevention. Pterostilbene, a naturally occurring analogue of resveratrol, has been reported to be an effective chemopreventive agent against many cancers.

EGCG inhibits protein synthesis, lipogenesis, and cell cycle progression through activation of AMPK in p53 positive and negative human hepatoma cells.

In the previous studies, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been shown to have anticarcinogenic effects via modulation in protein expression of p53. Using p53 positive Hep G2 and p53 negative Hep 3B cells, we found that treatment of EGCG resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of cellular proliferation, which suggests that the interaction of EGCG with p53 may not fully explain its inhibitory effect on proliferation. Caloric restriction (CR) reduces the incidence and progression of spontaneous and induced tumors in laboratory rodents.

Pu-erh tea attenuates hyperlipogenesis and induces hepatoma cells growth arrest through activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in human HepG2 cells.

In the present study, we successively extracted the pu-erh raw tea with methanol (PR-1), chloroform (PR-2), ethyl acetate (PR-3), n-butanol (PR-4), and water (PR-5). Among these extracts, PR-3 extract contained ingredients with the most effective hypolipidemic potential and was further purified by column chromatography. Moreover, chronic administration of PR-3 provoked a significant reduction in levels of serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in rats.

Diosgenin, a naturally occurring steroid, suppresses fatty acid synthase expression in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells through modulating Akt, mTOR and JNK phosphorylation.

Fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression is markedly elevated in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. In this study, diosgenin, a plant-derived steroid, was found to be effective in suppressing FAS expression in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Diosgenin preferentially inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in HER2-overexpressing cancer cells.