Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis Reveals 2 Subtypes of Tumor Cells of Sclerosing Pneumocytoma With Distinct Molecular Features and Clinical Implications.

Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) is a rare, distinctive benign lung adenoma of pneumocyte origin. Despite its rarity, the tumor's unique cellular morphology has sparked ongoing debates regarding the origin of its constituent cells. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular features of PSP tumor cells and enhance our understanding of the cellular processes contributing to PSP formation and biological behavior.

Proteomic characterization of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma response to immunotherapy reveals potential therapeutic strategy and predictive biomarkers.

Immunotherapy is the first-line therapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), yet many patients do not respond due to drug resistance and the lack of reliable predictive markers. We collected 73 ESCC patients (including discovery cohort and validation cohort) without immune thrombocytopenia and undergoing anti-PD1 immunotherapy. Proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis of 73 ESCC treatment-naive samples by mass spectrometry-based label-free quantification were applied to explore the potential resistant and sensitive mechanisms, and identify predictive markers of ESCC immunotherapy.

Clonal dynamics and Stereo-seq resolve origin and phenotypic plasticity of adenosquamous carcinoma.

The genomic origin and development of the biphasic lung adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) remain inconclusive. Here, we derived potential evolutionary trajectory of ASC through whole-exome sequencing, Stereo-seq, and patient-derived xenografts. We showed that EGFR and MET activating mutations were the main drivers in ASCs.

Single-cell profiling reveals the trajectory of FOLR2-expressing tumor-associated macrophages to regulatory T cells in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma.

An immunosuppressive microenvironment enriched with regulatory CD4 T lymphocytes (Tregs) facilitates the progression of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). This study aims to investigate the cellular mechanism underlying the formation of the immunosuppressive microenvironment in LUAD. LUAD samples (n = 12) and normal lung samples (n = 3) were obtained from patients with different pathological stages of LUAD.

Mediastinal high-grade vasculogenic mesenchymal tumour with seminoma: a case report and literature review.

Germ cell tumours with somatic-type solid malignancy (GCT-STM) are a rare disease of the mediastinum. Recently, a cohort of vasculogenic mesenchymal tumour (VMT)-nonseminoma cases with different prognoses were recognized and reported. Here, we report a case of mediastinal high-grade VMT with a seminoma.

Clinicopathologic Features and Frozen Diagnostic Pitfalls of Bronchiolar Adenoma/Ciliated Muconodular Papillary Tumors (BA/CMPTs).

To describe the histologic features of bronchiolar adenoma/ciliated muconodular papillary tumors (BA/CMPTs) and analyze the pitfalls in diagnosis from frozen sections. A total of 208 frozen and permanent sections of BA/CMPTs from Shanghai Chest Hospital from July 2018 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The median age of BA/CMPT patients was 65 years (15 to 79 y), and women accounted for 61.

3D deep learning versus the current methods for predicting tumor invasiveness of lung adenocarcinoma based on high-resolution computed tomography images.

Background: Different pathological subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma lead to different treatment decisions and prognoses, and it is clinically important to distinguish invasive lung adenocarcinoma from preinvasive adenocarcinoma (adenocarcinoma and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma). This study aims to investigate the performance of the deep learning approach based on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images in the classification of tumor invasiveness and compare it with the performances of currently available approaches.

Methods: In this study, we used a deep learning approach based on 3D conventional networks to automatically predict the invasiveness of pulmonary nodules.

Distinct mutational features across preinvasive and invasive subtypes identified through comprehensive profiling of surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a heterogeneous disease. Our study aimed to understand the unique molecular features of preinvasive to invasive LUAD subtypes. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, histopathological, and molecular data of 3,254 Chinese patients with preinvasive lesions (n = 252), minimally invasive adenocarcinomas (n = 479), and invasive LUAD (n = 2,523).

Thr790Leu as a Potential Resistance Mechanism to First-Generation EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor May Respond to Osimertinib in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: It has been well established that Thr790Met is one of the major resistance mechanisms to first- and second-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Nevertheless, whether Thr790Leu (T790L), which shares the mutation site of Thr790 with Thr790Met, mediates resistance to EGFR TKIs remains elusive. The treatment options for patients harboring this rare mutation have not been reported.

Challenging of frozen diagnoses of small sclerosing pneumocytoma.

Aims: An increasing number of small pulmonary nodules are being screened by CT, and an intraoperative diagnosis is necessary for preventing excessive treatment. However, there is limited literature on the frozen diagnosis of small sclerosing pneumocytomas (SPs). In particular, tumours smaller than 1 cm are challenging for pathologists performing intraoperative frozen diagnosis.

Identification of NTRK gene fusions in lung adenocarcinomas in the Chinese population.

The molecular profile of neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor (NTRK) gene fusions in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is not fully understood. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and pan-tyrosine kinase receptor (TRK) immunohistochemistry (IHC) are powerful tools for NTRK fusion detection. In this study, a total of 4,619 LUAD formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were collected from patients who underwent biopsy or resection at the Shanghai Chest Hospital during 2017-2019.

Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of surgically resected combined small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study.

Objectives: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most malignant lung cancer. Some of them are mixed with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC, Non SCLC),which are called combined small cell lung cancer (C-SCLC).Due to the difficulty of pathological diagnosis and the complexity of treatment, studies of C-SCLC have just been rising in recent years.

Altered Clock and Lipid Metabolism-Related Genes in Atherosclerotic Mice Kept with Abnormal Lighting Condition.

Background. The risk of atherosclerosis is elevated in abnormal lipid metabolism and circadian rhythm disorder. We investigated whether abnormal lighting condition would have influenced the circadian expression of clock genes and clock-controlled lipid metabolism-related genes in ApoE-KO mice.

Effect of H₂S on the circadian rhythm of mouse hepatocytes.

Background: Dysregulation of circadian rhythms can contribute to diseases of lipid metabolism. NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1(SIRT1) is an important hub which links lipid metabolism with circadian clock by its deacetylation activity depends on intracellular NAD+/NADH content ratio. Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is an endogenous reductant which can affect the intracellular redox state.