[Application of peer-assisted learning based on Mini-CEX combined with DOPS evaluation in the teaching of autoimmune liver diseases].

Objective To explore the effects of peer assistance model based on mini-clinical evaluation exercise (Mini-CEX) combined with direct observation of procedural skill (DOPS) in the teaching of autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs). Methods A total of 115 residents receiving training in the Department of Gastroenterology of Xijing Hospital were selected and divided into a control group and an experimental group according to the order in which they came to the department. The control group received traditional teaching mode, while the experimental group underwent peer assistance model based on Mini-CEX combined with DOPS.

Low-risk individuals with primary biliary cholangitis and significant liver stiffness: prognosis and treatment.

Background: Some patients treated with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) or combined fenofibrate had well-controlled biochemical parameters but high liver stiffness, and the prognosis as well as therapeutic options for these patients may be an area worthy of further exploration.

Aims: To explore the prognosis and treatment of patients with low-risk and high liver stiffness.

Methods: A retrospective study included 424 cases of UDCA monotherapy and 102 cases of combined fenofibrate treatment.

Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer: The Largest Systematic Reviews of 68,755 Patients and Meta-analysis.

Background: This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of robotic gastrectomy (RG) and laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) in treating gastric cancer (GC).

Patients And Methods: A comprehensive literature search across PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science identified 86 eligible studies, including 68,755 patients (20,894 in the RG group and 47,861 in the LG group).

Results: The analysis revealed that RG was associated with superior outcomes in several areas: more lymph nodes were harvested, intraoperative blood loss was reduced, postoperative hospital stays were shorter, and the time to first flatus and oral intake was shortened (all p < 0.

Native and engineered extracellular vesicles: novel tools for treating liver disease.

Liver diseases are classified as acute liver damage and chronic liver disease, with recurring liver damage causing liver fibrosis and progression to cirrhosis and hepatoma. Liver transplantation is the only effective treatment for end-stage liver diseases; therefore, novel therapies are required. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are endogenous nanocarriers involved in cell-to-cell communication that play important roles in immune regulation, tissue repair and regeneration.

Prevalence and effect on prognosis of sarcopenia in patients with primary biliary cholangitis.

Background: Sarcopenia adversely affects the treatment outcomes in Cirrhosis and NAFLD. However, such research is limited in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients. This study was performed to examine the prevalence of sarcopenia and its impact on PBC patients' prognoses.

Identifying optimal candidates for autologous peripheral blood stem cell therapy in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis: a prognostic scoring system.

Background: Stem cell transplantation shows great potential to improve the long-term survival of cirrhosis patients. However, therapeutic effects may not be homogeneous across the whole study population. This study constructed an easy-to-use nomogram to improve prognostic prediction and aid in treatment decision making for cirrhotic patients.

Integrated analysis and validation of the TRIM28-H2AX-CDK4 diagnostic model assists to predict the progression of HCC.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. However, identifying key genes that can be exploited for the effective diagnosis and management of HCC remains difficult. The study aims to examine the prognostic and diagnostic value of TRIM28-H2AX-CDK4 axis in HCC.

Integrative bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation of key biomarkers for risk stratification in primary biliary cholangitis.

Background: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease, whose etiology is yet to be fully elucidated. Currently, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is the only first-line drug. However, 40% of PBC patients respond poorly to it and carry a potential risk of disease progression.

Prognostic significance of liver stiffness in patients with primary biliary cholangitis: validation of Baveno VII criteria.

Background: The role of liver stiffness measurements (LSM) in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) remains to be further elucidated.

Aims: To clarify the prognostic role of LSM and to validate the "novel concepts" proposed by the Baveno VII Working Group.

Methods: An analysis of the prognostic significance of LSM was performed involving 672 patients.

Cancer associated fibroblast derived SLIT2 drives gastric cancer cell metastasis by activating NEK9.

The secretory properties of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play predominant roles in shaping a pro-metastatic tumor microenvironment. The present study demonstrated that SLIT2, an axon guidance protein, produced by CAFs and promoted gastric cancer (GC) metastasis in two gastric cancer cell lines (AGS and MKN45) by binding to roundabout guidance receptor 1 (ROBO1). Mass-spectrometry analysis revealed that ROBO1 could interact with NEK9, a serine/threonine kinase.

N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation in liver diseases: from mechanism to treatment.

Epigenetic modification occurring in RNA has become the hotspot of the field. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is the most abundant RNA internal modification mainly occurring at the consensus motif DR (m6A) CH (D = A/G/U, R = A/G, H = A/C/U) in the 3'-UTR particularly the region near stop codons. The life cycle of m6A methylation includes "writers," "erasers," and "readers", which are responsible for the addition, removal, and recognition of m6A, respectively.

Effectiveness of Fenofibrate in Treatment-Naive Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a progressive autoimmune liver disease, and patients with inadequate response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment show reduced long-term survival. Recent studies have shown that fenofibrate is an effective off-label therapy for PBC. However, prospective studies on biochemical response including the timing of fenofibrate administration are lacking.

Fenofibrate normalizes alkaline phosphatase and improves long-term outcomes in patients with advanced primary biliary cholangitis refractory to ursodeoxycholic acid.

Background: Although patients with advanced liver disease have been included in studies evaluating fibrates for the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), the frequency of biochemical responses and adverse effects for this group of patients was not reported separately and comprehensively.

Aims: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of additional fenofibrate therapy in patients with advanced and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA)-refractory PBC.

Methods: Patients were analyzed retrospectively to determine the clinical therapeutic effects of UDCA with additional fenofibrate therapy versus continued UDCA monotherapy.

A Novel Gene Signature Associated with Inflammatory Responses and Immune Status Assists in Prognosis and Intervention for Patients with HCC.

Background: Tumor growth depends on tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment, which are regulated by inflammation and immune responses. However, the roles of inflammation and immune status in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of an inflammatory response- related gene signature associated with immune status, which may provide insight into new treatment options for HCC patients.

Prediction and evaluation of high-risk patients with primary biliary cholangitis receiving ursodeoxycholic acid therapy: an early criterion.

Background And Aims: Current treatment guidelines recommend ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) as the first-line treatment for new-diagnosed primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients. However, up to 40% patients are insensitive to UDCA monotherapy, and evaluation of UDCA response at 12 months may result in long period of ineffective treatment. We aimed to develop a new criterion to reliably identify non-response patients much earlier.

Efficacy and safety of fenofibrate addition therapy in patients with cirrhotic primary biliary cholangitis with incomplete response to ursodeoxycholic acid.

Fenofibrate (FF) has shown potential benefits in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) who have an incomplete response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). However, the efficacy and safety of FF in patients with cirrhosis remain unclear. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of additional FF therapy in patients with PBC-related cirrhosis with an incomplete response to UDCA, we conducted a retrospective analysis comparing the clinical results of additional FF therapy and continued UDCA monotherapy.

Efficacy and safety of fenofibrate add-on therapy in patients with primary biliary cholangitis refractory to ursodeoxycholic acid: A retrospective study and updated meta-analysis.

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is currently used for the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), but some people do not respond well to UDCA. It reported that the combination of fenofibrate and UDCA can improve the clinical indices in these patients. However, more high-quality evidence is needed to improve guideline recommendations.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes protect against liver fibrosis via delivering miR-148a to target KLF6/STAT3 pathway in macrophages.

Background: Despite emerging evidence on the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for liver fibrosis, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. At present, MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-EXOs) are widely accepted as crucial messengers for intercellular communication. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of MSC-EXOs on liver fibrosis and identify the mechanisms underlying the action of MSC-EXOs.

Rho GTPase-activating protein 35 suppresses gastric cancer metastasis by regulating cytoskeleton reorganization and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

Cytoskeletal reorganization and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are key processes and typical characteristics of metastatic cancer cells. Rho GTPase‑activating protein 35 (ARHGAP35) is a GTPase-activating protein, which has a significant effect on cell motility. However, the particular function of ARHGAP35 in gastric cancer (GC) remains unknown.

Efficacy and safety of apatinib as second or later-line therapy in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a prospective, exploratory, single-arm, multi-center clinical trial.

Background: A paucity of strategies exist for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) patients who fail the first-line chemotherapy. Apatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that selectively inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), which has been demonstrated to have active anti-tumor activity in ES-SCLC when used only or combined with PD-1 inhibitors or chemotherapy with good tolerance. However, the efficacy and safety of apatinib monotherapy is unclear in second-line or beyond treatment of ES-SCLC.

Comprehensive evaluation of the effects of long-term cryopreservation on peripheral blood mononuclear cells using flow cytometry.

Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) originate from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, which mainly includes lymphocytes (T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells) and monocytes. Cryopreserved PBMCs providing biobank resources are crucial for clinical application or scientific research. Here, we used flow cytometry to explore the influence of long-term cryopreservation on the quality of PBMCs with the aim of providing important evidence for the effective utilization of biobank resources.