How crosstalk between mitochondria, lysosomes, and other organelles can prevent or promote dry age-related macular degeneration.

Organelles such as mitochondria, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and the endoplasmic reticulum form highly dynamic cellular networks and exchange information through sites of physical contact. While each organelle performs unique functions, this inter-organelle crosstalk helps maintain cell homeostasis. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a devastating blinding disease strongly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and decreased clearance of cellular debris in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).

A 0.2 T-0.4 T Static Magnetic Field Improves the Bone Quality of Mice Subjected to Hindlimb Unloading and Reloading Through the Dual Regulation of BMSCs via Iron Metabolism.

Osteoporosis is the most prevalent metabolic bone disease, especially when aggravated by aging and long-term bed rest of various causes and also when coupled with astronauts' longer missions in space. Research on the use of static magnetic fields (SMFs) has been progressing as a noninvasive method for osteoporosis due to the complexity of the disease, the inconsistency of the effects of SMFs, and the ambiguity of the mechanism. This paper studied the effects of mice subjected to hindlimb unloading (UL, HLU) and reloading by the 0.

The repression of the lipolytic inhibitor G0s2 enhancers affects lipid metabolism.

The G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0s2) is a selective inhibitor of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) which is the rate-limiting enzyme for triglycerides (TGs) hydrolysis in adipocytes, and regulates the mobilization of TGs in adipocytes and hepatocytes. The expression and functional disorders of G0S2 are associated with various metabolic diseases and related pathological states, such as obesity and metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the extent to which the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms mediated by the interaction between the G0s2 gene promoter and enhancer regions are involved remains unknown.

AI-boosted and motion-corrected, wireless near-infrared sensing system for continuously monitoring laryngeal muscles.

Neuromuscular diseases pose significant health and economic challenges, necessitating innovative monitoring technologies for personalizable treatment. Existing devices detect muscular motions either indirectly from mechanoacoustic signatures on skin surface or via ultrasound waves that demand specialized skin adhesion. Here, we report a wireless wearable system, Laryngeal Health Monitor (LaHMo), designed to be conformally placed on the neck for continuously measuring movements of underlying muscles.

Porcine transient receptor potential channel 1 promotes adipogenesis and lipid deposition.

Adipose tissue, an important organ involved in energy metabolism and endocrine, is closely related to animal meat quality and human health. Transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1), an ion transporter, is adipocytes' major Ca entry channel. However, its function in fat deposition is poorly understood, particularly in pigs, which are both an ideal model for human obesity research and a primary meat source for human diets.

The Complement Factor H (Y402H) risk polymorphism for age-related macular degeneration affects metabolism and response to oxidative stress in the retinal pigment epithelium.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of central vision loss in the elderly, involves death of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and light-sensing photoreceptors. This multifactorial disease includes contributions from both genetic and environmental risk factors. The current study examined the effect of the Y402H polymorphism of Complement Factor H (CFH, rs1061170) and cigarette smoke, predominant genetic and environmental risk factors associated with AMD.

Isolation and tracing of matrix-producing notochordal and chondrocyte cells using ACAN-2A-mScarlet reporter human iPSC lines.

The development of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based regenerative therapies is challenged by the lack of specific cell markers to isolate differentiated cell types and improve differentiation protocols. This issue is particularly critical for notochordal-like cells and chondrocytes, which are crucial in treating back pain and osteoarthritis, respectively. Both cell types produce abundant proteoglycan aggrecan (ACAN), crucial for the extracellular matrix.

Study on Effect of Surface Micro-Texture of Cemented Carbide on Tribological Properties of Bovine Cortical Bone.

In bone-milling surgical procedures, the intense friction between the tool and bone material often results in high cutting temperatures, leading to the thermal necrosis of bone cells. This paper aims to investigate the effect of micro-texture on the tribological properties of YG8 cemented carbide in contact with bone. The main objective is to guide the design of tool surface microstructures to reduce frictional heat generation.

[Bioinformatic prediction and validation of cellular-mesenchymal epithelial transition(c-Met) as a target for chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy in the treatment of colorectal cancer].

Objective To explore the potential of the cell surface receptor c-Met as an effective target for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy in colorectal cancer. Methods The bioinformatics was used to analyze the specific expression of c-Met in colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD) and its clinical significance. c-Met protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in tumor tissues obtained from colorectal cancer patients.

Ultrasound-assisted improvement of thawing quality of Tibetan pork by inhibiting oxidation.

The challenge of meat quality degradation due to transportation difficulties in high-altitude plateaus underscores the importance of an efficient thawing process for Tibetan pork to ensure its quality. This study compared four thawing methods ultrasound thawing (UT), refrigerator thawing (RT), hydrostatic thawing (HT), and microwave thawing (MT) to assess their impact on the quality of Tibetan pork, focusing on thawing loss, tenderness, color variation, and alterations in protein secondary structure and moisture content. Additionally, the study examined the impact of thawing on the metabolites of Tibetan pork using metabolomics techniques.

Translocation of probiotics via gut-lung axis enhanced pulmonary immunity of weaned piglets exposed to low concentrations of ammonia.

Objective: Lactobacillus salivarius is a probiotic bacteria strain in human and animal diets. The administration of probiotics to weaned piglets may improve their growth by optimizing the gastrointestinal bacterial composition. To further investigate the effect of bacterial communication between the gastrointestinal tract and lungs on bodily immunity, we reared weaned piglets in a low-ammonia gas environment.

Application of RNA-Seq Technology for Screening Reproduction-Related Differentially Expressed Genes in Tibetan and Yorkshire Pig Ovarian Tissue.

The purpose of this study was to explore and verify genes that regulate the reproductive traits of Tibetan pigs at the mRNA level. The ovarian tissues of Tibetan pigs (TPs) and Yorkshire pigs (YPs) were selected as research objects, and cDNA libraries of the ovarian tissue transcripts of Tibetan pigs and Yorkshire pigs were successfully constructed by the RNA-Seq technique. A total of 651 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened, including 414 up-regulated genes and 237 down-regulated genes.

Exploring the influence and mechanism of different frying methods on the flavor quality of low-salt sour meat.

To obtain nutritious, healthy, and flavor-enriched sour meat products, the effects of different frying methods (microwave, air-frying, and traditional frying) on the flavor quality of low-salt sour meat were evaluated using metabolomics and other flavor analysis techniques. The pH value of the sour meat rose dramatically, while the TBARS value dropped significantly after frying. E-nose and E-tongue results showed that air-frying could reduce acidity and improve umami.

The prognostic role of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in patients with resectable pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis examined whether the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) can serve as an indicator for predicting the prognosis of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer.

Patients And Methods: This meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO: CRD42023461260. A systematic literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases up to September 2023 to assess whether LMR can predict the prognosis of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer.

The AKT2/SIRT5/TFEB pathway as a potential therapeutic target in non-neovascular AMD.

Non-neovascular or dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multi-factorial disease with degeneration of the aging retinal-pigmented epithelium (RPE). Lysosomes play a crucial role in RPE health via phagocytosis and autophagy, which are regulated by transcription factor EB/E3 (TFEB/E3). Here, we find that increased AKT2 inhibits PGC-1α to downregulate SIRT5, which we identify as an AKT2 binding partner.

Tumor necrosis factor α deficiency promotes myogenesis and muscle regeneration.

Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) exhibits diverse biological functions; however, its regulatory roles in myogenesis are not fully understood. In the present study, we explored the function of in myoblast proliferation, differentiation, migration, and myotube fusion in primary myoblasts and C2C12 cells. To this end, we constructed muscle-conditional knockout ( -CKO) mice and compared them with mice to assess the effects of knockout on skeletal muscles.

Protocol for evaluating the effects of large gradient high magnetic fields on osteocyte function.

Osteocytes are the main mechanosensory cells and the primary regulators of bone metabolic homeostasis. Here, we present a protocol for evaluating the effects of the large gradient high magnetic field (LG-HMF) on osteocyte function. We describe steps for establishing a corresponding cell culture system in the LG-HMF generated by a superconducting magnet.

Mechanisms of Male Reproductive Sterility Triggered by Dysbiosis of Intestinal Microorganisms.

The intestinal microbiota, comprised of bacteria, archaea, and phages, inhabits the gastrointestinal tract of the organism. Male reproductive sterility is currently a prominent topic in medical research. Increasing research suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis can result in various reproductive health problems.

Spatiotemporal-Dependent Confinement Effect of Bubble Swarms Enables a Fractal Hierarchical Assembly with Promoted Chirality.

The submarine-confined bubble swarm is considered an important constraining environment for the early evolution of living matter due to the abundant gas/water interfaces it provides. Similarly, the spatiotemporal characteristics of the confinement effect in this particular scenario may also impact the origin, transfer, and amplification of chirality in organisms. Here, we explore the confinement effect on the chiral hierarchical assembly of the amphiphiles in the confined bubble array stabilized by the micropillar templates.

The Role of the Gene in Porcine Muscle Development and Its Molecular Regulatory Mechanisms.

Muscle growth stands as a pivotal economic trait within pig production, governed by a complex interplay of multiple genes, each playing a role in its quantitative manifestation. Understanding the intricate regulatory mechanisms of porcine muscle development is crucial for enhancing both pork yield and quality. This study used the GSE99749 dataset downloaded from the GEO database, conducting a detailed analysis of the RNA-seq results from the longissimus dorsi muscle (LD) of Tibetan pigs (TP), Wujin pigs (WJ) and large white pigs (LW) at 60 days of gestation, representing diverse body sizes and growth rates.

Exploring the role of the gene in hypoxia adaptation in Tibetan pigs.

The gene, which is an actin-binding protein, is prevalent in eukaryotic cells and is abundantly present in various pathways associated with plateau hypoxia adaptation. Tibetan pigs, which have inhabited high altitudes for extended periods, provide an excellent research population for investigating plateau hypoxia adaptation. This study focused on Tibetan pigs and Yorkshire pigs residing in Nyingchi, Tibet.

Developmental Dynamics of the Gut Virome in Tibetan Pigs at High Altitude: A Metagenomic Perspective across Age Groups.

Tibetan pig is a geographically isolated pig breed that inhabits high-altitude areas of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. At present, there is limited research on viral diseases in Tibetan pigs. This study provides a novel metagenomic exploration of the gut virome in Tibetan pigs (altitude ≈ 3000 m) across three critical developmental stages, including lactation, nursery, and fattening.