Concurrent but consecutive vaccination of modified live PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2 provides better protection in nursery pigs.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus is a severe threat to the global swine industry. Modified live virus vaccines (MLVs) for two PRRSV species (PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2) are the most widely used approach to control PRRSV-caused diseases. For swine herds influenced by PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2, how to rationalize MLV immunization strategies for robust and cross-protective immune responses has been a long-lasting need.

MUSTN1 Interaction With SMPX Regulates Muscle Development and Regeneration.

Pigs are important agricultural animals whose growth rate and meat production performance are related to muscle development. Musculoskeletal embryonic nuclear protein 1 (MUSTN1) participates in various biological processes, including myogenesis and growth in animals, but the physiological functions and mechanisms of porcine MUSTN1 on muscle development are unclear; thus, we aimed to elucidate them. We found that MUSTN1 was highly expressed in the muscles of fast-growing pigs.

Effects of Fecal Sewage and Antibiotic Exposure Stress on the Intestinal Microflora of Weaned Tibetan Piglets.

Unregulated pig farming practices expose pigs to fecal sewage and antibiotic stress, which are common health risk factors. Thus, its effects on the animals' intestinal microflora were investigated herein. In total, 2,315,563 high-quality sequences were obtained via amplitude sequencing and, after OUT clustering, the fecal sewage group was identified to have the highest number and the antibiotic exposure group the lowest.

High expression of ARPC1B promotes the proliferation and apoptosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells, leading to a poor prognosis.

Background: ARPC1B has been identified as a key regulator of malignant biological behavior in various tumors. However, its specific role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the influence of ARPC1B on the prognosis and disease progression in ccRCC patients.

Procyanidin-crosslinked gradient silk fibroin composite nanofiber scaffold with sandwich structure for rotator cuff repair.

Improving the regeneration of the tendon-bone interface (TBI) helps to decrease the risk of rotator cuff retears after repair surgeries. Unfortunately, the lack of inherent healing capacity of the TBI, insufficient mechanical properties, and abnormal and persistent inflammation during repair are the key factors leading to suboptimal healing of the rotator cuff. Therefore, a high-strength rotator cuff repair material capable of regulating the unbalanced immune response and enhancing the regeneration of the TBI is urgently needed.

Papain-Like Cysteine Proteases Contribute to Functional Cleavage of Begomoviral V2 Effector Required for Relevant Virulences.

The begomoviral V2 protein is known to be multifunctional, including its interaction with and inhibition of CYP1, a papain-like cysteine protease (PLCP). However, the effect of this interaction on viral pathogenicity remains unclear. Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV), a typical monopartite begomovirus associated with a betasatellite, is one of the main pathogens responsible for cotton leaf curl disease.

Evolutionary study and structural basis of proton sensing by Mus GPR4 and Xenopus GPR4.

Animals have evolved pH-sensing membrane receptors, such as G-protein-coupled receptor 4 (GPR4), to monitor pH changes related to their physiology and generate adaptive reactions. However, the evolutionary trajectory and structural mechanism of proton sensing by GPR4 remain unresolved. Here, we observed a positive correlation between the optimal pH of GPR4 activity and the blood pH range across different species.

Exploration of key genes and pathways in response to submergence stress in red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) by WGCNA.

Background: Submergence stress is a prevalent abiotic stress affecting plant growth and development and can restrict plant cultivation in areas prone to flooding. Research on plant submergence stress tolerance has been essential in managing plant production under excessive rainfall. Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.

MCP-enhanced SOD3 activity inhibits gastric cancer and potentiate chemotherapy via modulating EGFR signaling.

Aims: This study aims to investigate the role of SOD3 in gastric cancer (GC) progression and its impact on chemotherapy efficacy and toxicity. It further seeks to evaluate the therapeutic potential of MCP in enhancing SOD3 activity to improve treatment outcomes and reduce chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN).

Materials And Methods: We used overexpression plasmids and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to modulate the expression of SOD3 and Desmocollin2 (DSC2) in gastric cancer cells.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors analysis of bilateral renal tuberculosis.

Objective: To analyze and discuss the clinical characteristics and risk factors of bilateral renal tuberculosis.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 446 patients who were diagnosed with renal TB. Among these patients, 69 patients with bilateral renal TB were selected as the observation group, and 377 patients with unilateral renal TB served as the control group.

Advances in research on the impact and mechanisms of pathogenic microorganism infections on pyroptosis.

Pyroptosis, also known as inflammatory necrosis, is a form of programmed cell death characterized by the activation of gasdermin proteins, leading to the formation of pores in the cell membrane, continuous cell swelling, and eventual membrane rupture. This process results in the release of intracellular contents, including pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β and IL-18, which subsequently trigger a robust inflammatory response. This process is a crucial component of the body's innate immune response and plays a significant role in combating infections.

Novel Perspectives Focused on the Relationship Between Herpesvirus Encephalitis and Anti-GFAP-Antibody-Positive Astrocytopathy.

Virus encephalitis (VE), recognized as one of the common kinds of central nervous system (CNS) diseases after virus infection, has a surprising correlation with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) when autoimmune antibodies emerge in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or serum. Herpes simplex virus and Epstein-Barr virus are the most critical agents worldwide. By molecular mimicry, herpes viruses can invade the brain directly or indirectly.

CBL/Cbl-b mediates Fas degradation to reduce neuronal damage in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Fas has been shown to positively regulate the differentiation of T helper 17 (Th17) cells in mouse models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Fas protein expression is regulated by ubiquitination but has not been further studied. In this study, we investigated the role of the Fas ubiquitin ligase in Th17 cell differentiation and highlighted its potential as a therapeutic target for EAE.

Effect of AM fungi on the growth and powdery mildew development of Astragalus sinicus L. under water stress.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are widely existing soil microorganisms that form symbiotic relationships with most terrestrial plants. They are important for enhancing adversity resistance, including resistance to disease and water stresses. Nevertheless, it is not clear whether the benefits can be maintained in regulating the occurrence of plant diseases under drought, flooding stress and during water restoration.

How crosstalk between mitochondria, lysosomes, and other organelles can prevent or promote dry age-related macular degeneration.

Organelles such as mitochondria, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and the endoplasmic reticulum form highly dynamic cellular networks and exchange information through sites of physical contact. While each organelle performs unique functions, this inter-organelle crosstalk helps maintain cell homeostasis. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a devastating blinding disease strongly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and decreased clearance of cellular debris in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).

Photocatalytic Hydroxylation and Oxidative Coupling Reactions Mediated by Multinuclear Au(I) Supramolecular Clusters.

Polynuclear Au(I) cluster photocatalysts, known for their high activity and stability, hold substantial potential in organic synthetic chemistry. This study synthesized two Au(I) supramolecular cluster catalysts with different nuclearities: a tetranuclear cluster, C1 ([(dppmAu)L] • PF ), and a hexadecanuclear cluster, C2 [(dppmAu)(Au)(L)] • 4PF , through a multicomponent stepwise self-assembly approach. Both cluster structures feature aurophilicity interaction motifs that endow them with exceptional photocatalytic performance, exhibiting optical band gaps of 2.

A 0.2 T-0.4 T Static Magnetic Field Improves the Bone Quality of Mice Subjected to Hindlimb Unloading and Reloading Through the Dual Regulation of BMSCs via Iron Metabolism.

Osteoporosis is the most prevalent metabolic bone disease, especially when aggravated by aging and long-term bed rest of various causes and also when coupled with astronauts' longer missions in space. Research on the use of static magnetic fields (SMFs) has been progressing as a noninvasive method for osteoporosis due to the complexity of the disease, the inconsistency of the effects of SMFs, and the ambiguity of the mechanism. This paper studied the effects of mice subjected to hindlimb unloading (UL, HLU) and reloading by the 0.

Alterations in Ileal Microbiota and Fecal Metabolite Profiles of Chickens with Immunity to .

Coccidiosis, caused by different species of parasites, is an economically important disease in poultry and livestock worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the ileal microbiota and fecal metabolites in chickens after repeated infections with low-dose . The chickens developed solid immunity against a high dose of infection after repeated infections with low-dose .

Superior survival benefits of triple combination immunotherapy compared to standard chemotherapy as second-line treatment for advanced biliary tract cancer: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) is associated with a poor prognosis and limited options for second-line treatment. The TOPAZ-1 and KEYNOTE-966 trials have demonstrated the benefits of combining immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with chemotherapy in treating BTC. However, the efficacy of FOLFOX as a second-line therapy is limited, highlighting the need for more effective treatment approaches.

Lithium Enhances Ferroptosis sensitivity in melanoma cells and promotes CD8 T Cell infiltration and differentiation.

Lithium exposure reduces melanoma incidence and mortality, yet its therapeutic mechanisms are unclear. This study explores the effects of lithium on ferroptosis sensitivity and anti-tumor T cell response in melanoma. We found that lithium significantly enhanced RSL3-induced ferroptosis in vitro, evidenced by increased mitochondrial peroxide, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial abnormalities.

Identification of host factors for livestock and poultry viruses: genome-wide screening technology based on the CRISPR system.

Genome-wide CRISPR library screening technology is a gene function research tool developed based on the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated genes (CRISPR/Cas) system, considered the third generation of gene editing after zinc finger nucleases (ZFN) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN), is widely used for screening various viral host factors. CRISPR libraries are classified into three main categories based on the different functions of Cas9 enzymes: CRISPR knockout (CRISPR KO) library screening, CRISPR transcriptional activation (CRISPRa) library screening, and CRISPR transcriptional interference (CRISPRi) library screening.

Porcine transient receptor potential channel 1 promotes adipogenesis and lipid deposition.

Adipose tissue, an important organ involved in energy metabolism and endocrine, is closely related to animal meat quality and human health. Transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1), an ion transporter, is adipocytes' major Ca entry channel. However, its function in fat deposition is poorly understood, particularly in pigs, which are both an ideal model for human obesity research and a primary meat source for human diets.

1α,25-hydroxyvitamin D alleviated rotavirus infection induced ferroptosis in IPEC-J2 cells by regulating the ATF3-SLC7A11-GPX4 axis.

Rotavirus (RV) mainly infects mature intestinal epithelial cells and impairs intestinal absorption function, which leads to the death of infected cells and eventually fatal diarrhea. Ferroptosis is a novel regulatory cell death pattern, which can be caused by virus infection. 1α,25-hydroxyvitamin D (1,25D) has an anti-RV infection effect and can regulate ferroptosis.