Association of ankylosing spondylitis with cardiovascular disease: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study.

Backgrounds: Current observational investigations hint at a potential linkage between ankylosing spondylitis and cardiovascular wellness. However, the nature of this causality remains to be elucidated. Consequently, this study is designed to evaluate the causal interconnection between ankylosing spondylitis and cardiovascular-related conditions utilizing a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) methodology.

Antireflective Superhydrophobic and Robust Coating Based on Chitin Nanofibers and Methylsilanized Silica for Outdoor Applications.

Antireflective coatings with superhydrophobicity have many outdoor applications, such as solar photovoltaic panels and windshields. In this study, we fabricated an omnidirectional antireflective and superhydrophobic coating with good mechanical robustness and environmental durability via the spin coating technique. The coating consisted of a layer of phytic acid (PA)/polyacrylamide (PAM)/calcium ions (Ca) (referred to as Binder), an antireflective layer composed of chitin nanofibers (ChNFs), and a hydrophobic layer composed of methylsilanized silica (referred to as Mosil).

A Randomized Trial of the Efficacy of Three Weight Loss Diet Interventions in Overweight/Obese with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent, complex, heterogeneous, polygenic endocrine disorder characterized by metabolic and reproductive dysfunction that affects 8-13% of women of reproductive age worldwide. The pathogenesis of PCOS has not been fully clarified and includes genetics, obesity, and insulin resistance (IR). Oxidative stress (OS) of PCOS is independent of obesity.

Homogenizing The Low-Dimensional Phases for Stable 2D-3D Tin Perovskite Solar Cells.

2D-3D tin-based perovskites are considered as promising candidates for achieving efficient lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the existence of multiple low-dimensional phases formed during the film preparation hinders the efficient transport of charge carriers. In addition, the non-homogeneous distribution of low-dimensional phases leads to lattice distortion and increases the defect density, which are undesirable for the stability of tin-based PSCs.

Castration reshapes the liver by altering fatty acid composition and metabolism in male mice.

Castration promotes subcutaneous fat deposition that may be associated with metabolic adaptations in the liver. However, fatty acid composition, abundance, and metabolic characteristics of the liver after castration are not fully understood. Our results showed that surgical castration significantly reduced water and food intake, reduced liver weight, and induced liver inflammation in mice.

Acidithiobacillus species mediated mineral weathering promotes lead immobilization in ferric-silica microstructures at sulfidic tailings.

Immobilization and stabilization of heavy metals (HMs) in sulfidic and metallic tailings are critical to long-term pollution control and sustainable ecological rehabilitation. This study aims to unravel immobilization mechanisms of Pb (Ⅱ) in the neoformed hardpan structure resulting from Acidithiobacillus spp. accelerated bioweathering of sulfides in the presence of silicates.

Correlation between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and poststroke mild cognitive impairment.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and poststroke mild cognitive impairment (PSMCI).

Methods: The patients included in the study were divided into PSMCI (68 cases) and cognitively normal (CN) (218 cases) groups and followed up for six months. Demographic and clinical data were collected.

Revitalizing gut barrier integrity: role of miR-192-5p in enhancing autophagy via Rictor in enteritis.

Intestinal inflammation and compromised barrier function are critical factors in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal disorders. This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-192-5p in modulating intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) integrity and its association with autophagy. A DSS-induced colitis model was used to assess the effects of miR-192-5p on intestinal inflammation.

Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Tar-Rich Coal with a Bauxite Residue for Upgrading High-Value Products: Product Distribution and Kinetic Analysis.

Fast pyrolysis technology can reduce the secondary reactions, improve the volatile product yield, and reduce the semicoke yield. Still, the high proportion of heavy tar components affects the development of fast pyrolysis industrialization. Therefore, this paper put forward a catalytic upgrading method of coal based on the solid waste bauxite residue (BR) as a catalyst.

Quasi-1D Conductive Network Composites for Ultra-Sensitive Strain Sensing.

Highly performance flexible strain sensor is a crucial component for wearable devices, human-machine interfaces, and e-skins. However, the sensitivity of the strain sensor is highly limited by the strain range for large destruction of the conductive network. Here the quasi-1D conductive network (QCN) is proposed for the design of an ultra-sensitive strain sensor.

Pyroptosis in Spinal Cord Injury: Implications for Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Approaches.

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious disease of the central nervous system. Aside from the limited intrinsic regenerative capacity of neurons, complex microenvironmental disturbances can also lead to further cellular damage and growth inhibition. Programmed cell death regulated by pyroptosis has an important role in the pathogenesis of SCI.

C5AR1-induced TLR1/2 pathway activation drives proliferation and metastasis in anaplastic thyroid cancer.

This study aimed to elucidate the role and mechanisms of Complement C5a receptor 1 (C5AR1) in driving the malignant progression of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). C5AR1 expression was assessed in ATC tissues and cell lines. Functional assays evaluated the effects of C5AR1 knockdown on the malignant features of ATC cells.

Effect of Chemical Treatment of Cotton Stalk Fibers on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of PLA/PP Blended Composites.

Different chemical treatment methods were employed to modify the surface of cotton stalk fibers, which were then utilized as fillers in composite materials. These treated fibers were incorporated into polylactic acid/polypropylene melt blends using the melt blending technique. Results indicated that increasing the surface roughness of cotton stalk fibers could enhance the overall mechanical properties of the composite materials, albeit potentially leading to poor fiber-matrix compatibility.

Meta-analysis on axillary lymph node metastasis rate in ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion.

Objective: To address the question of axillary lymph node staging in ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion (DCIS-MI), we retrospectively evaluated axillary lymph nodes metastasis (ALNM) rate in a cohort of postsurgical DCIS-MI patients. By analyzing these data, we aimed to generate clinically relevant insights to inform treatment decision-making for this patient population.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Database, Wipe, and China Biomedical Literature Database to identify relevant publications in any language.

Discovery of Sesquiterpene Lactones with Cytotoxicity from the Herb of Youngia japonica.

In the process of searching for anti-breast cancer agents, five sesquiterpene lactones (1-5), including two previously undescribed ones, yjaponica B-C (1-2), were isolated from the herb of Youngia japonica. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analyses and Marfey's method. Cytotoxic activities of all compounds against A549, U87, and 4T1 cell lines were tested using the CCK8 assay.

Toll-Like Receptors Mediate Opposing Dendritic Cell Effects on Treg/Th17 Balance in Mice With Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background: Dendritic cells (DCs) regulate the immune response associated with T lymphocytes, but their role in stroke remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the causal relationship between DCs and T-cell response in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) by focusing on TLRs (toll-like receptors) that may modulate the function of DCs.

Methods: We studied the effects of TLR4, TLR2, and TLR9 on DC-mediated T-cell response and the outcomes of ICH using male C57BL/6 and CD11c-DTx (diphtheria toxin) receptor mice.

Rapid lateral flow immunoassay for fluorescence detection of canine distemper virus (CDV).

Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a highly contagious and potentially lethal virus that affects dogs and other members of the Canidae family, including wolves, foxes, and coyotes. Here, we present a fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay (FLFA) platform for the detection of CDV, which utilizes fluorescent microspheres - fusion protein monoclonal antibody (mAb)-labeled monoclonal antibody. The assay detected CDV within 5 min, with a detection limit threshold of 3 × 10 TCID/mL.