Unveiling caspase-2 regulation by non-coding RNAs.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a group of RNA molecules, such as small nucleolar RNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and long-noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), that do not encode proteins. Although their biofunctions are not well-understood, many regulatory ncRNAs appear to be highly involved in regulating the transcription and translation of several genes that have essential biological roles including cell differentiation, cell death, metabolism, tumorigenesis and so on. A growing number of studies have revealed the associations between dysregulated ncRNAs and caspases involved in cell death in numerous human diseases.

A long way to go: caspase inhibitors in clinical use.

Caspases are an evolutionary conserved family of cysteine-dependent proteases that are involved in many vital cellular processes including apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation and inflammatory response. Dysregulation of caspase-mediated apoptosis and inflammation has been linked to the pathogenesis of various diseases such as inflammatory diseases, neurological disorders, metabolic diseases, and cancer. Multiple caspase inhibitors have been designed and synthesized as a potential therapeutic tool for the treatment of cell death-related pathologies.

Alterations in neurotransmitter levels and transcription factor expression following intranasal buprenorphine administration.

Buprenorphine is an opioid drug used in the management of pain and the treatment opioid addiction. Like other opioids, it is believed that it achieves these effects by altering functional neurotransmitter pathways and the expression of important transcription factors; cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain. However, there is a lack of scientific evidence to support these theories.

Fusaric acid-induced epigenetic modulation of hepatic H3K9me3 triggers apoptosis and .

To determine the effect of the food-borne mycotoxin, fusaric acid (FA) on miR-200a, SUV39H1-mediated H3K9me3, genome integrity and apoptosis in human liver (HepG2) cells and C57BL/6 mice livers. MiR-200a, Sirt1, SUV39H1-mediated H3K9me3, genome integrity and apoptosis was measured in HepG2 cells and C57BL/6 mice livers using qPCR, western blot, DNA electrophoresis and luminometry. FA: upregulated miR-200a and decreased Sirt1 expression in HepG2 cells and mice livers; decreased expression of SUV39H1 and , thus decreasing H3K9me3 and increasing H3K9me1; increased cell mortality via apoptosis.

Laser assisted synthesis of inorganic fullerene like MoS-Au nanohybrid and their cytotoxicity against human monocytic (THP-1) cells.

Here in, we report the investigation of the immunotoxicity of gold nanoparticles decorated on inorganic fullerene like MoS nanostructure (IFMoS- AuNPs) on the THP-1 immune cell line. The MoS nanoparticle with fullerene like nanostructure (IFMoS) was synthesized by double pulsed laser-assisted chemical vapour deposition (LCVD) method from bulk MoS at the temperature of 700 °C. The MoS inorganic fullerene-like nanoparticles grown by vapour-solid process (VS).

MiR-146a G/C rs2910164 variation in South African Indian and Caucasian patients with psoriatic arthritis.

Background: Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are inflammatory associated autoimmune disorders. MicroRNA (miR)-146a plays a crucial role in regulating inflammation. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the miR-146a gene (rs2910164), aberrantly alters its gene expression and linked with the pathogenesis of several disorders, including psoriasis and PsA.

Fusaric Acid immunotoxicity and MAPK activation in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells and Thp-1 cells.

Fusaric acid (FA), a food-borne mycotoxin, is a potent divalent metal chelator. The human immune system is complex and susceptible to environmental insult however, the immunotoxity of FA remains unknown. We investigated the immunotoxicity of FA on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and Thp-1 cells.