Comparison of neuropsychological impairment and vocational outcomes in systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis patients.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are chronic immunologic diseases that can cause cognitive dysfunction. MS is a central nervous system (CNS) disease characterized by demyelination and progressive brain atrophy. SLE is an autoimmune disease capable of damaging multiple organ systems, including the CNS.

Validity of the California Verbal Learning Test-II in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system where roughly 50% of patients exhibit cognitive impairment. Episodic memory defects are particularly common in MS and the California Verbal Learning Test: 2nd Edition (CVLT-II) was recommended for assessment in MS in a recently published consensus position paper. We investigated the validity of the CVLT-II in 351 MS patients and 69 demographically matched normal controls.