Evolution of hormonal therapy for prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy after skin cancer in men in Australia. Its management varies according to tumour stage. Due to the significant dependence on androgen receptor signalling, agents that interfere with this pathway (most commonly medical castration in the form of androgen deprivation therapy [ADT]) are the mainstay treatment of advanced disease.

Efficacy and Feasibility of Presurgical Exercise in Bladder Cancer Patients Scheduled for Open Radical Cystectomy.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the feasibility and potential efficacy of presurgical exercise in patients with bladder cancer scheduled for open radical cystectomy with follow-up postsurgery.

Methods: Prospective single-group design with assessments at baseline, presurgery, and 3 months postsurgery was used in this study. Multimodal supervised resistance and aerobic exercise was undertaken 2-3 d·wk -1 at moderate intensity for a median of 3.

A clinical pathway for the management of Peyronie's disease: integrating clinical guidelines from the International Society of Sexual Medicine, American Urological Association and European Urological Association.

Objective: To provide a clinical framework and key guideline statements to assist clinicians in the evidence-based management of Peyronie's disease (PD).

Methods: We conducted a review of the published literature relevant to PD management, with an emphasis on published clinical guidelines. References used in the text have been assessed according to their level of evidence, and guideline recommendations have been graded based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine Levels of Evidence.

Long-term effects of intermittent androgen suppression on testosterone recovery and bone mineral density: results of a 33-month observational study.

Objective: To investigate changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis, over 3 years of intermittent androgen-suppression therapy (IAST).

Patients And Methods: This was a Phase II individual cohort study of 72 patients with prostate cancer without metastatic bone disease, enrolled between 1999 and 2002. Patients had 9 months flutamide (250 mg, three times daily) and leuprolide (22.