2H-Thiopyran-2-thione sulfine, a compound for converting HS to HSOH/HS and increasing intracellular sulfane sulfur levels.

Reactive sulfane sulfur species such as persulfides (RSSH) and HS are important redox regulators and closely linked to HS signaling. However, the study of these species is still challenging due to their instability, high reactivity, and the lack of suitable donors to produce them. Herein we report a unique compound, 2H-thiopyran-2-thione sulfine (TTS), which can specifically convert HS to HSOH, and then to HS in the presence of excess HS.

Signatures of cysteine oxidation on muscle structural and contractile proteins are associated with physical performance and muscle function in older adults: Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA).

Oxidative stress is considered a contributor to declining muscle function and mobility during aging; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly described. We hypothesized that greater levels of cysteine (Cys) oxidation on muscle proteins are associated with decreased measures of mobility. Herein, we applied a novel redox proteomics approach to measure reversible protein Cys oxidation in vastus lateralis muscle biopsies collected from 56 subjects in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA), a community-based cohort study of individuals aged 70 years and older.

Scrambling Transition in a Radiative Random Unitary Circuit.

We study quantum information scrambling in a random unitary circuit that exchanges qubits with an environment at a rate p. As a result, initially localized quantum information not only spreads within the system, but also spills into the environment. Using the out-of-time-order correlator (OTOC) to characterize scrambling, we find a nonequilibrium phase transition in the directed percolation universality class at a critical swap rate p_{c}: for pp_{c} the OTOC fails to percolate within the system and vanishes uniformly within a finite timescale, indicating that all local operators are rapidly swapped into the environment.

Signatures of Cysteine Oxidation on Muscle Structural and Contractile Proteins Are Associated with Physical Performance and Muscle Function in Older Adults: Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA).

Oxidative stress is considered a contributor to declining muscle function and mobility during aging; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly described. We hypothesized that greater levels of cysteine (Cys) oxidation on muscle proteins are associated with decreased measures of mobility. Herein, we applied a novel redox proteomics approach to measure reversible protein Cys oxidation in vastus lateralis muscle biopsies collected from 56 subjects in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA), a community-based cohort study of individuals aged 70 years and older.

Evaluation of the 'Sip Til Send' regimen before elective caesarean delivery using bedside gastric ultrasound: A paired cohort pragmatic study.

Background: Pre-operative fasting is routinely advocated to avoid pulmonary aspiration. The European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC) recommends a fasting period of 2 h for liquids before surgery. Liberal drinking policies such as the 'Sip Til Send' are a suggested alternative to maintain hydration before surgery.

Isolation and characterisation of PR3-specific B cells and their immunoglobulin sequences.

Background: PR3 autoantibodies are essential to the diagnosis and monitoring of granulomatosus with polyangiitis, but to date no PR3 autoantibody sequences have been published.

Objectives: To identify and characterise PR3-specific B cells from the peripheral blood of patients with PR3 autoantibodies.

Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from seven patients with PR3 autoantibodies were stained with PR3.

The effects of advanced factor analysis approaches on outcomes in randomised trials for depression: protocol for secondary analysis of individual participant data.

Background: Modern psychometric methods make it possible to eliminate nonperforming items and reduce measurement error. Application of these methods to existing outcome measures can reduce variability in scores, and may increase treatment effect sizes in depression treatment trials.

Aims: We aim to determine whether using confirmatory factor analysis techniques can provide better estimates of the true effects of treatments, by conducting secondary analyses of individual patient data from randomised trials of antidepressant therapies.

Pilot Study of a Wearable Hydration Monitor in Haemodialysis Patients: Haemodialysis Outcomes & Patient Empowerment Study 02.

Introduction: We aimed to assess the validity and reproducibility of a wearable hydration device in a cohort of maintenance dialysis patients.

Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-arm observational study on 20 haemodialysis patients between January and June 2021 in a single centre. A prototype wearable infrared spectroscopy device, termed the Sixty device, was worn on the forearm during dialysis sessions and nocturnally.

Controllable Cycloadditions between 2-(Thio)pyran-2-(thi)ones and Strained Alkynes: A Click-and-Release Strategy for COS/HS Generation.

In this work, we carried out computational studies to predict the cycloaddition efficiency of strained alkynes with 2-pyran-2-one and its three sulfur-containing analogues: 2-pyran-2-thione, 2-thiopyran-2-one, and 2-thiopyran-2-thione. It was predicted that the decreased aromaticity of the substrate would yield higher reactivity. Experimental studies confirmed the calculation results, and 2-pyan-2-thiones were found to be the most reactive substrates.

Hamstring Muscle Injuries and Hamstring Specific Training in Elite Athletics (Track and Field) Athletes.

Objective: We aimed to describe hamstring muscle injury (HMI) history and hamstring specific training (HST) in elite athletes. A secondary aim was to analyse the potential factors associated with in-championships HMI.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study to collect data before and during the 2018 European Athletics Championships.

The effect of clinician education on blood transfusion practice in obstetrics: completing the audit cycle.

Background: With blood products being a limited and expensive resource within the healthcare system, there is an ever-increasing emphasis on judicial and appropriate use.

Aims: To evaluate whether implementing contemporary society recommendations on restrictive transfusion policies would reduce inappropriate use of red blood cell transfusions, by evaluating the effect of a staff educational campaign.

Methods: An audit of peri-partum red cell concentrate (RCC) transfusion practice within a tertiary obstetric unit was undertaken, covering a 1-year period (2015), examining data related to transfusion prescribing practices.

Injury and Illness in Elite Athletics: A Prospective Cohort Study Over Three Seasons.

Background: Athletics (also known as track and field) is one of the most popular sports in the world and is the centrepiece of the Summer Olympic Games. Participation in athletics training and competition involves a risk of illness and injury.

Purpose: To describe injury and illness in British Olympic track and field athletes over three full training and competition seasons.

C-Nitrosothioformamide: A Donor Template for Dual Release of HNO and H S.

C-Nitrosothioformamide was demonstrated to be a donor template for dual release of HNO and COS triggered by a retro-Diels-Alder reaction. COS is an H S precursor in the presence of carbonic anhydrase. This process produces HNO and H S in a slow but steady manner.

Spatial context target relearning following a target relocation event: Not mission impossible.

Our visual system relies on memory to store and retrieve goal-relevant structures and information from the environment for the purpose of optimizing the allocation of attention. This concept, referred to as contextual cueing, has been demonstrated using visual search tasks, wherein repeated visual contexts lead to reduced search times compared with random displays. Subsequently, when an unexpected change occurs in the environment, or memory fails, a cognitive expense is incurred as the mind tries to resolve the conflict with the memory of the previous environmental context.

Utilization of high-speed imaging for atmospheric scintillation studies.

Atmospheric scintillation studies have been traditionally undertaken utilizing nonimaging detection. When imaging devices are used, they typically detect the resultant signal at the receiver plane. Here, a high-speed camera has been utilized in atmospheric scintillation field trials, imaging a laser source (i.

Successful mepolizumab treatment for DRESS-induced refractory eosinophilic myocarditis and concurrent thyroiditis.

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a potentially life-threatening adverse drug reaction with a mortality rate of 10%. Interstitial nephritis, pneumonitis, myocarditis, meningitis, thyroiditis and pancreatitis are major causes of morbidity and mortality in this syndrome. Cessation of offending medication is paramount.