Implementation of cerebral microdialysis at a community-based hospital: A 5-year retrospective analysis.

Background: Cerebral microdialysis (MD) provides valuable information about brain metabolism under normal and pathologic conditions. The CMA 600 microdialysis analyzer received US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for clinical use in the United States in 2005. Since then, cerebral MD has been increasingly utilized nationally in the multimodal monitoring of traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, and brain tumors.

Pupillary reactivity as an early indicator of increased intracranial pressure: The introduction of the Neurological Pupil index.

Background: This paper introduces the 7/5/2011al Pupil index (NPi), a sensitive measure of pupil reactivity and an early indicator of increasing intracranial pressure (ICP). This may occur in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, or intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: 134 patients (mean age 46 years, range 18-87 years, 54 women and 80 men) in the intensive care units at eight different clinical sites were enrolled in the study.