Publications by authors named "Shana Godfred Cato"

Background And Objectives: Major weather and climate disasters are increasing in frequency and severity. How often these events result in child deaths is unknown. We assessed temporal and regional trends in pediatric fatalities due to weather events in the United States over the last 21 years.

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Objectives: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends clinicians who treat pediatric patients screen for prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) to facilitate the identification of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and promote timely access to behavioral and cognitive interventions. We evaluated how frequently clinicians inquire about PAE in their pediatric patient interactions and the methods used to ascertain this information.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Fall 2020 DocStyles survey, a web-based survey of primary healthcare professionals (n = 1754).

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Background: The long-term effects of children hospitalized with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) or acute COVID-19 are not well known. Our objective was to determine long-term outcomes.

Methods: Children hospitalized with MIS-C or COVID-19 at 3 US hospitals from March 2020, through February 2021 were followed to assess health through 2 years post-hospitalization using medical records and patient surveys.

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Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in pregnancy is associated with severe abnormalities of the brain and eye and other adverse outcomes. Zika en Embarazadas y Niños was a prospective cohort study conducted in multiple Colombian cities that enrolled pregnant women in their first trimester. Specimens collected from pregnant women (n = 1,519) during February 2017-September 2018 and their infants (n = 1,080) during June 2017-March 2019 were tested for prenatal ZIKV infection by nucleic acid amplification tests or IgM antibody testing.

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Pediatric clinic preparedness is essential to improve the care and health outcomes for children during a pandemic and to decrease the burden on hospital systems. Clinic preparedness is a process that involves a well thought out plan that includes coordination with staff, open communication between the clinic and patient families, and collaboration with community partners. Planning for disasters can decrease some of the risks for our most vulnerable patients, including children and youth with special health care needs.

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This Report Updates Previous Cdc Guidelines And Recommendations On Preferred Prevention And Treatment Regimens Regarding Naturally Occurring Anthrax. Also Provided Are A Wide Range Of Alternative Regimens To First-line Antimicrobial Drugs For Use If Patients Have Contraindications Or Intolerances Or After A Wide-area Aerosol Release Of: Bacillus anthracis spores if resources become limited or a multidrug-resistant B. anthracis strain is used (Hendricks KA, Wright ME, Shadomy SV, et al.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study analyzed the clinical management of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) across four hospitals, focusing on treatment variations, patient demographics, and outcomes from March 2020 to March 2021.
  • - Among 233 patients, the most common treatments were steroids, aspirin, IVIG, and anticoagulants, with some patients receiving these treatments in combination; those with respiratory features were less likely to receive both IVIG and steroids simultaneously.
  • - Early administration of IVIG and low-dose steroids was linked to improved patient outcomes, including shorter hospital stays and lower risks of serious complications like ventricular dysfunction and elevated troponin levels.
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Background: To characterize neurodevelopmental abnormalities in children up to 36 months of age with congenital Zika virus exposure.

Methods: From the U.S.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to differentiate multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) from acute COVID-19 for better clinical management, using data from 6 medical centers between March 2020 and December 2021.
  • Out of 10,223 patients with SARS-CoV-2-related illnesses, 53 cases of MIS-A were identified and compared to 106 matched COVID-19 cases, revealing distinct demographic and clinical features.
  • Patients with MIS-A were more likely to have specific symptoms such as gastrointestinal issues, higher levels of certain lab markers, and required longer hospital stays and more intensive care treatments than those with acute COVID-19, although the mortality rate was similar at 6%.
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Objectives: This study aims to describe which concussion subtype(s) result specifically from the explosions of theatre ballistic missiles (TBMs) blast waves, an extremely rare occurrence in modern warfare. We provide feedback from using the US military's standard acute concussion screening tool, the Military Acute Concussion Examination version 2, in a deployed, chaotic, real-world environment.

Background: Iran launched 27 professionally manufactured TBMs into Iraq on 8 January 2020.

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Understanding the serological responses to COVID-19 vaccination in children with history of MIS-C could inform vaccination recommendations. We prospectively enrolled seven children hospitalized with MIS-C and measured SARS-CoV-2 binding IgG antibodies to spike protein variants longitudinally pre- and post-Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 primary series COVID-19 vaccination. We found that SARS-CoV-2 variant cross-reactive IgG antibodies variably waned following acute MIS-C, but were significantly boosted with vaccination and maintained for up to 3 months.

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Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a multiorgan hyperinflammatory condition following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Data on COVID-19 vaccine adverse events and vaccine attitudes in children with prior MIS-C are limited. We described characteristics associated with COVID-19 vaccination, vaccine adverse events and vaccine attitudes in children with a history of MIS-C or COVID-19 and their parents/guardians.

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Background: The United States Virgin Islands (USVI) Department of Health (DOH) conducted a second Zika health brigade (ZHB) in 2021 to provide recommended Zika-related pediatric health screenings, including vision, hearing, neurologic, and developmental screenings, for children in the USVI. This was replicated after the success of the first ZHB in 2018, which provided recommended Zika-related pediatric health screenings to 88 infants and children exposed to Zika virus (ZIKV) during pregnancy.

Methods: Ten specialty pediatric care providers were recruited and traveled to the USVI to conduct the screenings.

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This Report Summarizes The Evidence And Rationale Supporting The Components Of The Cste/cdc Mis-c Surveillance Case Definition And Describes The Methods Used To Develop The Definition. These Methods Included Convening Mis-c Clinical Experts (i.e.

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Although mpox is rare among children in the United States, pediatric cases are being reported during the 2022 multinational mpox outbreak. Vaccines and antiviral medications developed for other orthopoxviruses have recently become widely used to prevent and treat mpox in both children and adults in the United States. Although scientific literature regarding mpox in children and adolescents is scant, prior case reports can provide valuable information about the clinical features and potential complications of untreated clade II mpox in these age groups.

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Data on monkeypox in children and adolescents aged <18 years are limited (1,2). During May 17–September 24, 2022, a total of 25,038 monkeypox cases were reported in the United States, primarily among adult gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (3). During this period, CDC and U.

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Background: Bacillus anthracis is a high-priority threat agent because of its widespread availability, easy dissemination, and ability to cause substantial morbidity and mortality. Although timely and appropriate antimicrobial therapy can reduce morbidity and mortality, the role of adjunctive therapies continues to be explored.

Methods: We searched 11 databases for articles that report use of anthrax antitoxins in treatment or prevention of systemic anthrax disease published through July 2019.

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Since May 2022, approximately 20,000 cases of monkeypox have been identified in the United States, part of a global outbreak occurring in approximately 90 countries and currently affecting primarily gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) (1). Monkeypox virus (MPXV) spreads from person to person through close, prolonged contact; a small number of cases have occurred in populations who are not MSM (e.g.

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Article Synopsis
  • During the Zika Virus Response by the CDC, birth defects surveillance was adapted to track issues potentially linked to Zika virus infections in pregnant women from January 2016 to June 2017 across 22 U.S. states and territories.
  • Researchers categorized areas by their level of Zika transmission and calculated the prevalence of brain and eye defects per 10,000 live births, finding significant increases in areas with widespread transmission.
  • Nine specific birth defects showed notably higher prevalence in regions with extensive Zika spread, particularly intracranial calcifications and chorioretinal abnormalities, suggesting that ongoing monitoring of certain defects could be beneficial.
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Article Synopsis
  • Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) is a serious condition linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection that was examined in a study involving four hospitals in Atlanta from April 2020 to January 2021.
  • The study identified 11 cases of MIS-A, none diagnosed during initial treatment, compared to 5,755 COVID-19 hospitalizations, revealing a significant age difference with most MIS-A patients being under 50 years and predominantly non-Hispanic Black.
  • The findings indicate that MIS-A often leads to severe complications requiring intensive care, highlighting the need for better awareness and recognition of this condition in healthcare settings.*
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Background: The US Zika Pregnancy and Infant Registry (USZPIR) monitors infants born to mothers with confirmed or possible Zika virus infection during pregnancy. The surveillance case definition for Zika-associated birth defects includes microcephaly based on head circumference (HC).

Methods: We assessed birth and follow-up data from infants with birth HC measurements <3rd percentile and birthweight ≥10th percentile to determine possible misclassification of microcephaly.

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Background: The serologic and cytokine responses of children hospitalized with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) vs coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are poorly understood.

Methods: We performed a prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study of hospitalized children who met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention case definition for MIS-C (n = 118), acute COVID-19 (n = 88), or contemporaneous healthy controls (n = 24). We measured severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers and cytokine concentrations in patients and performed multivariable analysis to determine cytokine signatures associated with MIS-C.

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Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a novel severe postinfectious condition associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The purpose of this report is to describe nationwide trends in the evolving clinical management of MIS-C.

Methods: Patients with MIS-C were reported from state and local jurisdictions to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) MIS-C national surveillance system.

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