Background: Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15-20% of all breast cancers and approximately 50% of breast cancer deaths. Chemotherapy remains the mainstay of systemic treatment due to the lack of effective therapy targets. Thus, more studies are urgently needed to identify new therapeutic targets in TNBC patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: M2 macrophages are known to play a significant role in the progression of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) by creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of M2 macrophages on TNBC and their correlation with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression.
Methods: We employed a co-culture system to analyze the role of the mutual regulation of M2 macrophages and TNBC cells.
To explore the related factors of turnover intention in clinical research coordinators (CRCs) and assess the mediating effects of professional identity on the association between job burnout and turnover intention. In China, CRC has become increasingly common among clinical trial teams in recent years. However, limited published research focused on the status of turnover intention in CRCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: SHR-A1811 is an antibody-drug conjugate composed of an anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibody trastuzumab, a cleavable linker, and a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload. We assessed the safety, tolerability, antitumor activity, and pharmacokinetics of SHR-A1811 in heavily pretreated HER2-expressing or mutated advanced solid tumors.
Methods: This global, multi-center, first-in-human, phase I trial was conducted at 33 centers.
Background: The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents has been effective in treating multiple cancers. This was further explored in an open-label, multicenter phase 2 basket study (NCT04346381), which evaluated the antitumor activity and safety of camrelizumab (an anti-PD-1 antibody) plus famitinib (a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor) in patients with advanced solid tumors. We herein report the findings from the cohort of advanced NSCLC patients who progressed after treatment with platinum-doublet chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSystemic therapy is typically the primary treatment choice for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with extrahepatic metastases. Some patients may achieve partial response (PR) or complete response (CR) with systemic treatment, leading to the possibility of their primary tumor becoming resectable. This study aimed to investigate whether these patients could achieve longer survival through surgical resection of their primary tumor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmicroRNAs (miRNAs) are closely related to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Cancer-derived exosomes play an essential role in the establishment of the HCC microenvironment. However, the possible effects and underlying mechanisms of exosome (exo) microRNA-23a-5p (miR-23a-5p) in the progression of HCC remain unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has long been considered a major clinical challenge due to its aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are known as the main cells responsible for tumor origination, progression, recurrence and metastasis. Here, we report that M2-type tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) contribute to cancer stemness in TNBC cells via the secretion of VEGFA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with an anti-angiogenic tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI) has been shown to improve overall survival versus anti-angiogenic therapy alone in advanced solid tumours, but not in hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, a clinical study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of the anti-PD-1 antibody camrelizumab plus the VEGFR2-targeted TKI rivoceranib (also known as apatinib) versus sorafenib as first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.
Methods: This randomised, open-label, international phase 3 trial (CARES-310) was done at 95 study sites across 13 countries and regions worldwide.
Objective: This retrospective study aimed to investigate whether pre-treatment inflammatory biomarkers, including the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), could predict treatment response and prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with the oxaliplatin, leucovorin, and fluorouracil (FOLFOX) regimen.
Methods: Based on the cut-off values identified using the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve, 124 patients with HCC who received HAIC with the FOLFOX regimen were divided into low- and high-score MLR, PLR, PNI, and SII groups. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of treatment response and progression-free survival (PFS).
Cannabis is one of the most commonly used psychoactive substances, which could induce moderate-severe cannabis use disorders (CUD). Here, a tissue-specific transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) of CUD was performed by FUSION and S-PrediXcan, utilizing a genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset of CUD (including 43,380 cases and 141,385 controls of European ancestry) and gene expression reference data from 17 different brain-related and non-brain related tissues, with totally 26 TWAS-associated genes were identified, including CADM2 (P = 2.13 × 10), SRR (P = 8.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In the global REACH-2 study, ramucirumab significantly improved overall survival (OS) compared with placebo in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). REACH-2 China study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ramucirumab in Chinese patients with advanced HCC (NCT02435433).
Methods: REACH-2 China was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study done at 31 centres in China between Sep 16, 2015, and March 15, 2021.
The main contents of the Clinical Practice Guidelines on Image-Guided Thermal Ablation (IGTA) of Primary and Metastatic Lung Tumors (2022 Edition) include the following: epidemiology of primary and metastatic lung tumors; the concepts of the IGTA and common technical features; procedures, indications, contraindications, outcomes evaluation, and related complications of IGTA on primary and metastatic lung tumors; and limitations and future development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Notch1 (Notch1 receptor) and yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) signaling can regulate breast cancer metastasis. This study aimed at investigating whether and how these two signal pathways crosstalk to promote breast cancer lung metastasis. Here, we show that YAP1 expression was positively correlated with Notch1 in breast cancer according to bioinformatics and experimental validation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Collagen VI family (COL6A) is a major member of extracellular matrix protein. There is accumulating evidence that COL6A is involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. In this study, we performed a systematic analysis of COL6A in pan-cancer based on their molecular features and clinical significance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Zinc finger protein family is the largest transcription factor family in the human genome. Studies have shown that the aberrant expression of zinc finger protein (ZNF) had a potential role in tumorigenesis. However, due to the high complexity of the ZNF family genes, the role of the ZNF family genes in breast cancer (BRCA) is still lacking in systematic understanding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Expert Consensus reviews current literatures and provides clinical practice guidelines for thermal ablation of pulmonary subsolid nodules or ground-glass nodule (GGN). The main contents include the following: (1) clinical evaluation of GGN; (2) procedures, indications, contraindications, outcomes evaluation, and related complications of thermal ablation for GGN; and (3) future development directions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEntropy (Basel)
August 2021
The aim of multi-agent reinforcement learning systems is to provide interacting agents with the ability to collaboratively learn and adapt to the behavior of other agents. Typically, an agent receives its private observations providing a partial view of the true state of the environment. However, in realistic settings, the harsh environment might cause one or more agents to show arbitrarily faulty or malicious behavior, which may suffice to allow the current coordination mechanisms fail.
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