Effects of subitems in the colorectal cancer screening protocol on the Chinese colorectal cancer screening program: an analysis based on natural community screening results.

Background: To date, no single colorectal cancer (CRC) screening strategy has been determined to be applicable worldwide. In China, a CRC screening protocol that combines double fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) and a high-risk factor questionnaire (HRFQ) as the first stage of screening and colonoscopy as the second stage of screening (scenario A) was adapted by the Chinese Ministry of Health in 2006. However, applying this CRC screening protocol nationally remains difficult because its effectiveness and convenience are controversial.

Cost-Effectiveness between Double and Single Fecal Immunochemical Test(s) in a Mass Colorectal Cancer Screening.

This study investigated the cost-effectiveness between double and single Fecal Immunochemical Test(s) (FIT) in a mass CRC screening. A two-stage sequential screening was conducted. FIT was used as a primary screening test and recommended twice by an interval of one week at the first screening stage.

[Comparison between application of fecal occult blood quantitive testing instrument and colloidal gold strip method in colorectal cancer screening].

Objective: To compare the performances of fecal occult blood quantitive testing instrument and colloidal gold strip method in colorectal cancer screening.

Methods: A representative random population of 9000 subjects aging between 40 and 74 years old were selected from Xuxiang, Haining city, Zhejiang province, by random cluster sampling method in year 2011. The fecal samples from each subject were separately detected by the two methods, namely fecal occult blood quantitive testing instrument and colloidal gold strip method.

[Clinical value of radial endorectal ultrasound in the assessment of preoperative staging of rectal carcinoma].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of radial endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) in the assessment of preoperative staging of rectal carcinoma.

Methods: One hundred and ten patients with rectal cancer underwent preoperative endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) examination in our hospital from February 2010 to September 2011. ERUS was performed using a Hitachi 900, Hitachi HI Vision Preirus US scanner, with a 5 - 10 MHz rigid rotating radial transducer and a focal length of 2 - 5 cm.

Serum M2-pyruvate kinase: A promising non-invasive biomarker for colorectal cancer mass screening.

Aim: To explore the value of serum M2-pyruvate kinase (M2-PK) in colorectal cancer (CRC) mass screening.

Methods: We conducted a molecular epidemiology study in Hangzhou, China, from year 2006 to year 2008. Serum samples were collected from 93 CRC, 41 advanced adenomas, 137 adenomas, 47 non-adenomatous polyps, and 158 normal participants in a community setting.

[Primary evaluation of a mass screening program for colorectal tumor in China].

Objective: To evaluate a colorectal cancer screening program by tumor detection rate and discussing its application values.

Method: In total, 43 713 subjects were recruited in the screening program who were the registered people aged 40 - 74 in Xiacheng and Jiashan during year 2007 - 2009. The first screening involved questionnaire survey of colorectal cancer related risk factors and fecal occult blood test (FOBT), colonoscopy was performed when a positive result was observed in the first screening.

Performance of a colorectal cancer screening protocol in an economically and medically underserved population.

The performance of combining fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) and a high-risk factor questionnaire (HRFQ) in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in economically and medically underserved populations is uncertain. This study investigated the performance of a CRC screening protocol of combining FITs and an HRFQ as primary screening methods in a rural Chinese population. A CRC mass screening was conducted using FITs and an HRFQ as the first and colonoscopy as the second stage of screening in Jiashan, 2007-2009.

Non-organ-specific preventive effect of long-term administration of Korean red ginseng extract on incidence of human cancers.

Previously, two case-control studies and a cohort study strongly suggested that Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer exerted non-organ-specific preventive effects against cancer.

Performance value of high risk factors in colorectal cancer screening in China.

Aim: To analyze the performance value of high risk factors in population-based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in China.

Methods: We compared the performance value of the immunochemical fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) and other high risk factors questionnaire in a population sample of 13 214 community residents who completed both the iFOBT and questionnaire investigation. Patients with either a positive iFOBT and/or questionnaire were regarded as a high risk population and those eligible were asked to undergo colonoscopy.

Barrier-focused intervention to increase colonoscopy attendance among nonadherent high-risk populations.

Aim: To increase attendance for colonoscopy among nonadherent high-risk individuals for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in China.

Methods: During the first 12 mo without intervention, only 428 of the 2398 high-risk subjects attended a scheduled colonoscopy examination. The 1970 subjects who did not attend for CRC screening were enrolled in the present study.

[Application of serum protein markers to distinguish familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and sporadic colorectal adenomas].

Objective: To screen out specifically-expressed serum protein markers in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and to establish a serum protein fingerprint diagnostic model for distinguishing FAP from sporadic colorectal adenomas.

Methods: Serum samples were collected from 19 FAP cases and 16 sporadic colorectal adenomas with informed consent. Serum protein fingerprint profiles were detected by SELDI-TOF-MS with CM 10 protein chip to screen out FAP adenoma-related serum protein markers, and support vector machine (SVG) technique was used to establish the diagnostic model to distinguish FAP from sporadic colorectal adenomas.

[Detection of adenomatous polyposis coli gene mutations in 31 familial adenomatous polyposis families by using denaturing high performance liquid chromatography].

Objective: To analyze the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene mutations in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) in Chinese.

Methods: DNA was extracted from blood samples taken from 31 FAP families, and all exons of the APC gene were amplified with touch-down PCR. APC gene mutations were screened by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography followed by sequencing if abnormal profile was detected.

Clinical features of familial adenomas polyps in Chinese and establishment of its immortal lymphocyte cell lines.

Aim: To reserve the rare Chinese familial adenomas polyp (FAP) family resource and to investigate the clinical features of FAP in Chinese for its diagnosis.

Methods: Clinical features of patients with FAP were investigated. If there is any question, their medical records were verified.

[Establishment of DNA oxidative damage model in colorectal crypt cells by hydrogen peroxide].

Objective: To induce DNA oxidative damage in colorectal crypt cells by hydrogen peroxide in vitro.

Methods: Hydrogen peroxide was diluted into 100, 50, 10, 5 and 1 micromol/L with RPMI 1640. Colorectal crypt cells were treated with peroxide for 10 min, 30 min, 1 h, 1.

Clinical and genetic characteristics of Chinese hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer families.

Aim: To analyze the clinical characteristics of Chinese hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) families and to screen the germline mutations of human mismatch repair genes hMLH1 and hMSH2 in the probands.

Methods: Thirty-one independent Chinese HNPCC families were collected in Zhejiang Province. All of them met Chinese HNPCC criteria.

[Clinical phenotype of Chinese hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) families].

Objective: To characterize the clinical features of Chinese hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) families and to evaluate the value of Chinese HNPCC criteria.

Methods: Twenty-six families were involved in this study. Eight families fulfilled both the Amsterdam criteria and the Chinese HNPCC criteria (named group A), while the other 18 families fulfilled the Chinese HNPCC criteria only (named group B).

[Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in colorectal cancer patients with different ages].

Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors of young, middle-age and old-age colorectal cancer patients in order to improve the treatment in the future.

Methods: Colorectal cancer patients (n = 842) who had undergon curative resection were divided into three groups according their age: young group (< or = 40 years), middle-age group (41 to 64 years) and old group (> o = 65 years). Thirty-five clinical factors in the three groups were analyzed and compared by univariate survival and multivariate analysis.

[Ultrastructure and crystallin mutant molecular modeling of hereditary coralliform cataract].

Objective: To observe the correlation of gammaD-crystallin P23T mutant with lens ultrastructure of the hereditary coralliform cataract.

Methods: Complete ophthalmologic examinations were performed before lens extraction and lens samples were studied by transmission and scanning electric microscope respectively. Protein molecular modeling was performed using SWISS-MODEL(version 2.

Genetic characterization of Chinese hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer by DHPLC and multiplex PCR.

Background: Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is an autosomal dominant disease due to germline mutations of human mismatch repair genes, mainly hMLH1 and hMSH2. The aim of the present study was to identify the point mutations and large genomic deletions of hMLH1 and hMSH2 genes in 14 Chinese HNPCC families.

Methods: Fourteen families fulfilling the Chinese HNPCC criteria were involved in this study.

[Clinical features and mutation analysis of a poly-(A)8 tract in M3 cholinergic receptor gene in Chinese HNPCC families].

Objective: To characterize the clinical features of Chinese HNPCC families and to screen the mutations of a poly-(A)8 tract in M3 cholinergic receptor gene in these families.

Methods: The clinical features of 15 Chinese HNPCC families were characterized. Genomic DNAs from 15 probands were prepared.