Scutellarin Alleviates Neuronal Apoptosis in Ischemic Stroke via Activation of the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.

Among all stroke types, ischemic stroke (IS) occurs most frequently, resulting in neuronal death and tissue injury within both the central infarct region and surrounding areas. This study explored the neuroprotective mechanisms of scutellarin, a flavonoid compound, through an integrated strategy that merged in silico analyses (including network pharmacology and molecular docking simulations) with both in vitro and in vivo experimental verification. We identified 1887 IS-related targets and 129 scutellarin targets, with 23 overlapping targets.

Visualization of perivascular spaces in the human brain with 5-T magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of 5-Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the visualization of perivascular spaces (PVS).

Method: A total of seventeen subjects underwent three-dimensional (3D) T1- and T2-weighted imaging on both 3-T and 5-T MRI systems. Twelve of these subjects underwent quantitative analysis of PVS in the semioval center (SOC) and basal ganglia (BG), with comparisons made between the two systems using paired-sample Wilcoxon tests.

Molecular Mechanisms of ARD1 in Tumors.

Introduction: Arrest-deficient protein 1 (ARD1) is an acetyltransferase that acetylates the N-terminal amino acids and internal lysine residues of proteins. It plays a crucial role in various cellular processes. The significance of ARD1 in tumor development has become increasingly evident in recent years.

Two-Dimensional Siloxene Nanosheets: Understanding the Effect of Heat Treatment on the Surface Chemistry and Resulting Electrochemistry in Lithium-Based Batteries.

Two-dimensional (2D) silicon materials are conceptually appealing as negative electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries due to their layered morphology, which can accommodate (de)lithiation-induced volume changes. Herein, heat treatment of 2D Siloxene materials was used to modify the surface functional groups to determine the impact on the electrochemical behavior. Spectroscopic characterization of the heat-treated nanosheets confirmed the loss of oxygenated and hydride surface functional groups with an increased annealing temperature.

Psychological wellbeing and treatment adherence among cardio-renal syndrome patients in Yemen: a cross section study.

Background: Anxiety and depression are associated with adverse outcomes in cardiorenal syndrome patients undergoing hemodialysis, including decreased quality of life, poorer clinical parameters, and lower treatment adherence.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the level of psychological wellbeing and its relationship with treatment adherence among dialysis patients with cardiorenal syndrome.

Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between February and May 2021 on convenience sampling of 100 patients in two dialysis centers in Hadhramout, Yemen.

Application of a 3D Fusion Model to Evaluate the Efficacy of Clear Aligner Therapy in Malocclusion Patients: Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Investigating the safe range of orthodontic tooth movement is essential for maintaining oral and maxillofacial stability posttreatment. Although clear aligners rely on pretreatment digital models, their effect on periodontal hard tissues remains uncertain. By integrating cone beam computed tomography-derived cervical and root data with crown data from digital intraoral scans, a 3D fusion model may enhance precision and safety.

Correlation between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features and lesion size in focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver.

Background: Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) in the liver is a benign lesion and the relationship between lesion size and imaging features is yet to be established. We aimed to develop and validate a scoring system to assess the relationship between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features and lesion size in FNH.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University in Shanghai, China, from August 2019 and March 2023.

Structural, Electrochemical, and (De)lithiation Mechanism Investigation of Cation-Disordered Rocksalt and Spinel Hybrid Nanomaterials in Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Significant demand for lithium-ion batteries necessitates alternatives to Co- and Ni-based cathode materials. Cation-disordered materials using earth-abundant elements are being explored as promising candidates. In this paper, we demonstrate a coprecipitation synthetic approach that allows direct preparation of disordered rocksalt LiFeTiO (r-LFTO·C) and spinel structured hybrid LiFeTiO·C (s-LFTO·C) nanoparticles with a conformal conductive carbon coating.

Corilagin functionalized decellularized extracellular matrix as artificial blood vessels with improved endothelialization and anti-inflammation by reactive oxygen species scavenging.

The performance of biological-originated blood vessels in clinical remains disappointing due to fast occlusion caused by acute thrombosis or long-standing inflammation. How to prevent rapid degradation and inhibit acute inflammation but maintain their high bioactivity is still a significant challenge. As a bioactive polyphenol in various traditional Chinese medicine, Corilagin (Cor) exhibits excellent anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory and rapid ROS consumption properties.

Detection of inflammation in abdominal aortic aneurysm with reduced field-of-view and low-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging.

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with an optimal b-value and field-of-view in identifying wall inflammation in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) by comparing it to delayed enhancement T1-weighted imaging (DEI).

Methods: Twenty-five males with AAA were prospectively enrolled and underwent fat-suppressed T1-weighted dark-blood imaging (T1WI), full field-of-view (f-FOV) and reduced field-of-view (r-FOV) DWI (b values = 0, 100, 400 and 800 s/mm), and DEI. Corresponding images on f-FOV, r-FOV DWI and DEI at the same level were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively using the paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Elucidating the Discharge Behavior of Aqueous Zinc Sulfur Batteries in the Presence of Molybdenum(IV) Chalcogenide Catalyst: The Criticality of Interfacial Electrochemistry.

The aqueous zinc-sulfur battery holds promise for significant capacity and energy density with low cost and safe operation based on environmentally benign materials. However, it suffers from the sluggish kinetics of the conversion reaction. Here, we highlight the efficacy of molybdenum(IV) sulfide (MoS) to reduce the overpotential of S-ZnS conversion in aqueous electrolytes and study the discharge products formed at the solid-solid and solid-liquid interfaces using experimental and theoretical approaches.

Efficient hairy root induction system of Astragalus membranaceus and significant enhancement of astragalosides via overexpressing AmUGT15.

Astragalus membranaceus hairy roots induced by direct injection of Rhizobium rhizogenes with AmUGT15 overexpressing genes into the stem explants demonstrate enhanced astragaloside biosynthesis Astragalus membranaceus is a widely used medicinal plant, which has important economic, ecological, medicinal, and ornamental values for accumulating various triterpene saponins named astragalosides in roots. Although the hairy root culture technique has been established in A. membranaceus, the molecular regulation of metabolic pathways for improving astragaloside contents was not reported.

Tubulin acetyltransferases access and modify the microtubule luminal K40 residue through anchors in taxane-binding pockets.

Acetylation at α-tubulin K40 is the sole post-translational modification preferred to occur inside the lumen of hollow cylindrical microtubules. However, how tubulin acetyltransferases access the luminal K40 in micrometer-long microtubules remains unknown. Here, we use cryo-electron microscopy and single-molecule reconstitution assays to reveal the enzymatic mechanism for tubulin acetyltransferases to modify K40 in the lumen.

APE1 is a master regulator of the ATR-/ATM-mediated DNA damage response.

To maintain genomic integrity, cells have evolved several conserved DNA damage response (DDR) pathways in response to DNA damage and stress conditions. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) exhibits AP endonuclease, 3'-5' exonuclease, 3'-phosphodiesterase, and 3'-exoribonuclease activities and plays critical roles in the DNA repair and redox regulation of transcription. However, it remains unclear whether and how APE1 is involved in DDR pathways.

A Single Pelvic Fibrous Tumor Associated With Doege-Potter Syndrome: A Case Study.

Doege-Potter syndrome (DPS) is a very rare paraneoplastic condition that is marked by hypoglycemia brought on by a solitary fibrous tumor rather than an islet cell tumor. Soft tissue neoplasms termed as solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are rare and these tumors vary in the site of origin, from the pleural cavity, mediastinum, pericardium, retroperitoneal spaces, liver, thyroid, orbit, bladder, intestines, and soft tissues, while pelvic-derived fibrous tumors are incredibly unusual. There are currently extremely few documented cases and literature reviews both domestically and internationally.

Efficient wide-bandgap perovskite photovoltaics with homogeneous halogen-phase distribution.

Wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are employed as top cells of tandem cells to break through the theoretical limits of single-junction photovoltaic devices. However, WBG PSCs exhibit severe open-circuit voltage (V) loss with increasing bromine content. Herein, inhomogeneous halogen-phase distribution is pointed out to be the reason, which hinders efficient extraction of carriers.

An integrative analysis based on multiple cell death patterns identifies an immunosuppressive subtype and establishes a prognostic signature in lower-grade glioma.

Background: Cell death modulates the biological behaviors of tumors. However, the comprehensive role of the multiple forms of cell death in lower-grade glioma (LGG) is unknown.

Methods: We collected the transcriptional data of LGG patients from public repositories to comprehensively examine six cell death patterns (autophagy, apoptosis, cuproptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis) in LGG samples and systematically correlated these patterns with patient survival, underlying biological processes, and drug sensitivity using serial bioinformatics analysis, clinical sample validation and assays.

The changes of tPA/PAI-1 system are associated with the ratio of BDNF/proBDNF in major depressive disorder and SSRIs antidepressant treatment.

Increasing evidence demonstrates that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can be regarded as a biomarker for major depression. Our previous work found that the ratio of mature BDNF (mBDNF) to precursor-BDNF (proBDNF) was a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). But the mechanism behind the ratio is still obscure.

Inner strength, coping self-efficacy and coping strategy of patients with peritoneal dialysis: A exploratory cross-sectional study.

Aim: The purpose of the study was to investigate and analyse inner strength of patients with peritoneal dialysis, explore the associations among inner strength, coping self-efficacy (CSE) and medial coping modes.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study which was conducted in nephrology departments of two affiliated hospitals of a comprehensive university in China. Convenience sampling was chosen to collect data.

Distinct regulation of ATM signaling by DNA single-strand breaks and APE1.

In response to DNA double-strand breaks or oxidative stress, ATM-dependent DNA damage response (DDR) is activated to maintain genome integrity. However, it remains elusive whether and how DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) activate ATM. Here, we provide direct evidence in Xenopus egg extracts that ATM-mediated DDR is activated by a defined SSB structure.

The Influence of State Authenticity on the Sense of Meaning in Life of Middle School Students: Evidence from a Daily Diary Investigation and an Authenticity Enhancement Experiment.

Authenticity is a positive force for adolescent development. Taking middle school students as the main research objects, this paper examines the causal mechanism between state authenticity (SA) and sense of meaning in life through two studies: the diary method and authenticity level increase experiment. In study 1, through the daily diary data tracking investigation of 130 middle school students in daily life situations, the basic psychological needs (BPNs) and satisfaction with life (SWL) play a chain mediating role between state authenticity and sense of daily meaning in life.

Ultrastable piezoelectric biomaterial nanofibers and fabrics as an implantable and conformal electromechanical sensor patch.

Poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) is a widely used U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved implantable biomaterial that also possesses strong piezoelectricity.