Pyridine Derivatives as Insecticides: Part 6. Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Insecticidal Activity of 3-(Substituted)methylthio-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinoline-4-carbonitriles Toward (, 1887).

Three new series of 3-(substituted)methylthio-4-cyano-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolines were designed and synthesized starting from readily available materials, 7-acetyl-4-cyano-1,6-dimethyl-6-hydroxy-8-(4-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, phenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, or 4-chlorophenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrosoquinoline-3(2)-thiones - in high yields and very pure states. Thus, compounds - were reacted with some chloro reagents, namely, -aryl-2-chloroacetamides - and -(naphthalen-2-yl)-2-chloroacetamide () under mild basic conditions to give the first two series of the target compounds, 3-(-aryl)carbamoylmethylthio-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinoline-4-carbonitriles - and -, respectively. Reaction of compounds , with ethyl chloroacetate under the same conditions gave the other series, 3-ethoxycarbonyl-methylthio-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinoline-4-carbonitriles ,.

Exploring bee venom and silver nanoparticles for controlling foulbrood pathogen and enhancing lifespan of honeybees.

The beekeeping industry plays a crucial role in local economies, contributing significantly to their growth. However, bee colonies often face the threat of American foulbrood (AFB), a dangerous disease caused by the Gram-positive bacterium Paenibacillus larvae (P. l.

Pyridine Derivatives as Insecticides. Part 5. New Thieno[2,3-]pyridines and Pyrazolo[3,4-]pyridines Containing Mainly Ethyl Nicotinate Scaffold and Their Insecticidal Activity toward (Glover,1887).

Ethyl 5-cyano-1,6-dihydro-2-methyl-4-(2'-thienyl)-6-thioxonicotinate () was synthesized and reacted with ethyl chloroacetate in the presence of sodium acetate or sodium carbonate to give ethyl 5-cyano-6-((2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)thio)-2-methyl-4-(2'-thienyl)nicotinate () or its isomeric thieno[2,3-]pyridine . 3-Aminothieno[2,3-]pyridine-2-carboxamide was also synthesized by the reaction of with 2-chloroacetamide. The reaction of with hydrazine hydrate in boiling ethanol gave acethydrazide .

Chemical role of α-tocopherol in salt stress mitigation by improvement in morpho-physiological attributes of sunflower ( L.).

Elevated concentrations of salts in soil and water represent abiotic stresses. It considerably restricts plant productivity. However, the use of alpha-tocopherol (α-toc) as foliar can overcome this problem.

Synchronization of Boron application methods and rates is environmentally friendly approach to improve quality attributes of L. On sustainable basis.

Micronutrient deficiency in the soil is one of the major causes of mango fruit and yield's poor quality. Besides, the consumption of such a diet also causes a deficiency of micronutrients in humans. Boron deficiency adversely affects the flowering and pollen tube formation, thus decreasing mango yield and quality attributes.

The effect of abamectin seeds treatment on plant growth and the infection of root-knot nematode (Kofoid and White) chitwood.

In this study, three concentrations (250, 500, and 1000 ppm) of abamectin 2% suspension concentration (SC) were used as cucumber seeds treatment. The seeds were treated with abamectin to reduce nematodes reproduction and their ability to penetrate the roots, then seed germination and plant growth were observed. All the concentrations didn't negatively affect seeds germination wherever the germination percent reached 80% at the concentration (1000 ppm) after 20 days of sowing.

Effect of Aloe vera and clove powder supplementation on growth performance, carcass and blood chemistry of Japanese quails.

This study was aimed to assess the impacts of aloe vera (AV) and clove (Cv) powder supplementation on growth performance, carcass quality, blood biochemistry, and hematology of Japanese quails and studying the possibility of using them as alternatives to antibiotics growth promotors as a natural safe products. Four hundred, 7-d old mixed sex chicks were divided into 4 groups of 5 replicates 20 birds per replicate including (10 males and 10 females). Birds in the control group (T1) were fed a diet containing Enramycin (0.

Ethnobotanical and conservation studies of tree flora of Shiwalik mountainous range of District Bhimber Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.

The present study was carried out to explore and document traditional ethnobotanical knowledge of indigenous rural communities of Shiwalik mountainous range regarding tree flora of the area, District Bhimber of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. The local people of the area primarily depend on wild flora for life sustenance and cure of different infirmities. In this research, data was collected through visual appraisal and participatory rural approach using questionnaire method by applying semi-structured and structured-interview protocols (S4 Table).

Implementation of graphitic carbon nitride nanomaterials and laser irradiation for increasing bioethanol production from potato processing wastes.

Agricultural and agro-industrial wastes (e.g., potato peel waste) are causing severe environmental problems.

Development of a Fluorescent Nanofibrous Template by SAr Polymerization of Fluorine-Containing Terphenyls with Aliphatic Diols: Self-Assembly and Optical and Liquid Crystal Properties.

Stimulus-responsive supramolecular organogels have been broadly studied, but the assembly of a liquid crystalline organogel with a thermoreversible response remains a challenge. This could be attributed to the difficulty of designing organogelators with liquid crystalline properties. Nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SAr) has been utilized to produce a diversity of pentafluorobenzene-containing aromatics, which are very regioselective to positions.

Enrichment of Zinc and Iron Micronutrients in Lentil ( Medik.) through Biofortification.

Biofortification of pulse crops with Zn and Fe is a viable approach to combat their widespread deficiencies in humans. Lentil ( Medik.) is a widely consumed edible crop possessing a high level of Zn and Fe micronutrients.

Radiological risk assessment of natural radionuclides in the marine ecosystem of the northwest Mediterranean Sea.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the radiological risk of natural radionuclides (Ra, Th, and K) to marine ecosystem biota.

Materials And Methods: The study site in this was the Mediterranean Sea, Cyprus. With the use of the RESRAD-BIOTA (RESidual RADioactivity BIOTA) code, the tissue concentration, external and internal dose rate of aquatic animals and riparian animals were estimated.

The Effect of AlI Nanoadditive on the Thermal Behavior of PMMA Subjected to Thermoanalytical Py-GC-MS Technique.

Thermal degradation of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) was studied by using inorganic salt of aluminum triiodide (AlI). The composites of PMMA were prepared with AlI by changing the concentration of the AlI additive from 2% to 10% (/). The PMMA composites with AlI were characterized by TGA, DTG, SEM, FTIR, HBT, and Py-GC-MS techniques.

Investigation of Er Ions Reinforced Zinc-Phosphate Glasses for Ionizing Radiation Shielding Applications.

Melt quenching technique is used for preparing glasses with chemical formula (70PO)-(16 - x)CdO-(14ZnO)-(xErO), (x = 1-6 mol%). These glasses were named Er1, Er2, Er3, Er4, Er5, and Er6, respectively. Photon buildup factors, fast neutron absorption, and electron stopping of the prepared glasses were examined.

Nucleosides 11: synthesis of new derivatives of pyrido[2,3-]pyrimidines and their nucleosides.

Reaction of 6-amino-2-methylthio-3-methyluracil with ethyl ethoxymethyleneoxaloacetate or methyl(Z)-2-acetylamino-3-dimethylaminopropenoates afforded diethyl 2-(1,6-dihydro-1-methyl-2-(methylthio)-6-oxopyrimidin-4-yl-amino)methylene malonate or ()-methyl 3-(1,6-dihydro-1-methyl-2-(methylthio)-6-oxopyrimidin-4-yl-amino)-2-acetamidoacrylate, respectively. Cyclization of each of the latter products by sodium ethoxide afforded new pyrido [2,3-d]pyrimidines, which were ribosylated with 1-O-acetyl-2,3,5-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranose by the silylation method yielded the protected nucleosides. The protected nucleosides were debenzoylated by sodium methoxide to afford novel pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleosides.

Synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity evaluation of new cholesterol congeners.

3β-Azidocholest-5-ene (3) and (3β)-3-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)cholest-5-ene (10) were prepared as substrates to synthesize a variety of three-motif pharmacophoric conjugates through CuAAC. Basically, these conjugates included cholesterol and 1,2,3-triazole moieties, while the third, the pharmacophore, was either a chalcone, a lipophilic residue or a carbohydrate tag. These compounds were successfully prepared in good yields and characterized by NMR, MS and IR spectroscopic techniques.

Hydrophilic carotenoids: facile syntheses of carotenoid oxime hydrochlorides as long-chain, highly unsaturated cationic (bola)amphiphiles.

Stable cationic carotenoid aggregates - predominantly of the J-type - develop when the hydrochlorides of carotenoid aldoximes and ketoximes are exposed to water. The oxime hydrochlorides are obtained by simple syntheses from commercially available food color carotenoids. Bluish-purple, unstable transient compounds were observed during hydrochlorination performed at liquid nitrogen temperature.

Selenium-containing heterocycles: synthesis and pharmacological activities of some new 4-methylquinoline-2(1H) selenone derivatives.

Several selenolo[2,3-b]quinolines and pyrimido[4',5':4,5]selenolo[2,3-b]quinolines were prepared by annulations via reaction of NaSeH with 2-chloro-3-cyano-4-methylquinoline 1 followed by reactions with aromatic aldehydes, cycloalkanones, and acetic anhydride. Spectroscopic (IR, 1H-NMR, and MS) properties of the synthesized compounds are reported. Some selected compounds 5a, 7b, 7c, 8b-d, 9a, 11b, and 11d were investigated for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities; in addition, the most active compounds were tested for their ulcerogenicity and acute toxicity.

Electron- and energy-transfer properties of hydrophilic carotenoids.

The antioxidant activities-expressed as the electron-donating properties-of five hydrophilic carotenoids (carotenoid surfactants) and three related hydrophobic carotenoids were investigated by flash photolysis. The electron-transfer rates of the carotenoids to the triplet state of the sensitizer 2-nitronaphthalene and the energy transfer rates of triplet 2-nitronaphthalene to the carotenoids were determined. The results demonstrate that the electron-donating effects of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic carotenoids were comparable when evaluated in acetonitrile.