Paternal trans fatty acid and vitamin E diet affect the expression pattern of androgen signaling pathway genes in the testis of rat offspring.

Numerous studies have shown that an improper diet in parents has a negative impact on offspring's health. Furthermore, the negative effects of trans fatty acids (TFA) in maternal diets on fertility and health and their impact on future generations have been documented. However, there is limited research on the negative effects of TFA in paternal diets on male children.

Effect of COVID-19 pneumonia infection control protocols on nosocomial infection incidence in trauma patients.

Purpose: Nosocomial infection is a major threat to the health care system and patient welfare. After the pandemic, new protocols were established in hospitals and communities to protect against the transmission of COVID-19, which may have changed the incidence of nosocomial transmission. This study was conducted to compare the incidence of nosocomial infection before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Evaluation of the Risk Factors of Nosocomial Pneumonia and the Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Trauma Patients in Need of Immediate Intervention.

Pneumonia is the most common nosocomial infection reported worldwide in intensive care units. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors of nosocomial pneumonia and the frequency of antibiotic resistance in trauma patients who need immediate intervention. This prospective cohort study was conducted in Shahid Rajaei Trauma Hospital in Shiraz between 2020 and 2021.

Investigating the Construct Validity and Reliability of the Test of Motor Competence Across Iranians' Lifespan.

Motor competence (MC) has been extensively examined in children and adolescents, but has not been studied among adults nor across the lifespan. The Test of Motor Competence (TMC) assesses MC in people aged 5-85 years. Among Iranians, aged 5-85 years, we aimed to determine the construct validity and reliability of the TMC and to examine associations between TMC test items and the participants' age, sex, and body mass index (BMI).

Small Bowel Obstruction As a Consequence of Peritoneal Tuberculosis.

Peritoneal tuberculosis (PTB) is a rare subset of extrapulmonary tuberculosis which account for only 0.5-1% of all cases. PTB diagnosis can be challenging due to nonspecific clinical manifestations.

Biomimetic surface modification of Three-dimensional printed Polylactic acid scaffolds with custom mechanical properties for bone reconstruction.

3D printing has recently emerged as an innovative fabrication method to construct critical-sized and patient-specific bone scaffolds. The ability to control the bulk geometry of scaffolds in both macro and micro-scales distinguishes this technology from other fabrication methods. In this study, bone tissue-specific scaffolds with different pore geometries were printed from polylactic acid (PLA) filaments at three given infill densities ranging from 20 to 30%.

Age and attentional focus instructions effects on postural and supra-postural tasks among older adults with mild cognitive impairments.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the age and attentional focus instruction effects on the postural and supra-postural tasks among older adults with mild cognitive impairments.

Method: Forty healthy adults (mean age of 48.01 ± 5.

Anxiety and Stress Seem Temporary during the Pneumonia COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey on the Mental Health Status of Healthcare Workers.

Objective: To evaluate the presence/severity of depression, anxiety, and stress among health care workers (HCWs) who work on the specially allocated COVID-19 ward (Group A) and HCWs on the other wards (Group B).

Methods: This questionnaire-based study was conducted from January 25 to February 28, 2021. The mental status was assessed using the Persian version of the 42-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress score (DASS-42).

Effect of Aerobic-Based Exercise on Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life Among Older People: A Middle East Study.

The aimed to evaluate the effects of low and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on psychological well-being (PWB) and quality of life (QoL) among older people. Forty-five male Iranian adults aged 65-80 years were selected according to the eligibility criteria and randomly assigned to a low-intensity group (LIG) (40-50% of maximum heart rate), moderate-intensity group (MIG) (60-70% of maximum heart rate) and control group (CG). The exercise protocols consisted of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise (two sessions per week).

The relationship between attention and static balance disturbance in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Objective: Balance disturbance is one of the main complications of the Parkinson's disease (PD). As studies have shown that impairments in some cognitive processes can lead to balance problems, we investigated the relationship between focused and divided attention and static balance in patients with PD and a healthy control group.

Methods: We included 111 patients with PD (M age = 49.

Prevalence of fundamental movement skill proficiency among Iranian children aged 2.5-14 years.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of fundamental movement skill (FMS) proficiency among a sample of Iranian children.

Design: Cross sectional, representative sample of 2200 children aged 2.5-14 years (50% girls), living in Tehran in 2018.

The development of postural control among children: Repeatability and normative data for computerized dynamic posturography system.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the normal development of postural control in children aged 2-18 years in Tehran, and to provide normative data of computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) device variables.

Methods: The study population included 400 boys and 400 girls aged 2-18 years (eight age groups with 2-year interval) and 100 adults aged 22-25 years. In each age group, 100 people were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Are attentional instruction and feedback type affect on learning of postural and supra-postural tasks?

Optimum postural control and balance is dependent on the individual, the environment, and the task limitations. Thus, the present study investigated the effect of attentional instruction and feedback type on postural and supra-postural tasks. The 96 participants aged 11-19 years with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were randomly assigned to one of the eight groups such as attentional instruction (internal and external), feedback (external and internal), and task (postural and supra-postural).

Does Islamic fasting affect cognitive functions in adolescents? A systematic review.

A considerable population of the Muslim community is made up of youngsters who observe fast during the month of Ramadan. There are other activities in Ramadan that the adolescents might be involved in, such as education in which one's proper cognitive activity is necessary. The current systematic review was planned to evaluate the relationship between Islamic fasting and cognitive activities.

Perceived comfort during minor hand surgeries with wide awake local anaesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) versus local anaesthesia (LA)/tourniquet.

Purpose: Minor hand surgeries can be done under field sterility in procedure rooms. Surgeons are still sceptical about the usage of wide awake local anaesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) technique. They perceive that patients can tolerate tourniquet for a brief period while they perform minor surgeries under local anaesthesia (LA).

Using Virtual Social Networks for Case Finding in Clinical Studies: An Experiment from Adolescence, Brain, Cognition, and Diabetes Study.

Background: One of the main usages of social networks in clinical studies is facilitating the process of sampling and case finding for scientists. The main focus of this study is on comparing two different methods of sampling through phone calls and using social network, for study purposes.

Methods: One of the researchers started calling 214 families of children with diabetes during 90 days.

Relationship between religion and school students' road behavior in southern Iran.

Purpose: Unsafe behaviors are an important cause of accidents in adolescent age groups. This study was designed to examine the behaviors of adolescent pedestrians in southern Iran.

Methods: This is a descriptive analytical cross-sectional study.

The effect of low and moderate intensity aerobic exercises on sleep quality in men older adults.

Objective: Sleep is an active and complex rhythmic state that may be affected by the aging process. The purpose of present research was to investigate the effect of low and moderate intensity aerobic exercises on sleep quality in older adults.

Methods: The research method is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design.

The effect of age, sex and obesity on fundamental motor skills among 4 to 6 years-old children.

Objective: To examine the effect of age, sex and obesity on Fundamental Motor Skills (FMS) in 4 to 6 years-old children.

Methodology: A total of 400 preschool children (200 boys and 200 girls) between the ages of 4 to 6 years old participated in this research. Subjects were selected through multi-stage cluster random sampling.

Comparison of two surgical methods (Winograd and sleeve method) in the treatment of ingrown toenail.

Background: Ingrowing toenail is one of the most common nail complaints. Although many surgical treatments are described for complicated nails, frequent recurrence of pain and postoperative disability necessitate finding an appropriate treatment.

Methods: In a clinical trial, we compared the Winograd and sleeve (gutter) surgical methods to find a simple, painless, and practical alternative.