Overlearned sequence and perceived time: possible involvement of attention.

Overlearned sequences, characterized by specific ordinal ranks for each element, elicit strong predictions when presented in their natural order. The present study aimed to test the role of predictions on the perceived duration in a stimulus series that followed an overlearned sequence. Participants judged the duration of the target digit in a sequence that followed a regular or random order, while the overall context in which these sequences were presented was varied in two blocks.

Pupillometry tracks errors in interval timing.

Recent primate studies suggest a potential link between pupil size and subjectively elapsed duration. Here, we sought to investigate the relationship between pupil size and perceived duration in human participants performing two temporal bisection tasks in the subsecond and suprasecond interval ranges. In the subsecond task, pupil diameter was greater during stimulus processing when shorter intervals were overestimated but also during and after stimulus offset when longer intervals were underestimated.

Interval timing in a hierarchical violation-of-expectation task: Dissociable effects of local and global predictions.

Predictability associated with an event influences its perceived time. The two forms of predictions that are often discussed and have a dissociable influence on perceived time are repetition and expectation. However, predictions based on expectation can be seen at multiple levels, potentially leading to an inconsistency in the pattern in which expectation influences perceived time.

Pupil tracks statistical regularities: behavioral and neural implications.

Pupillary light reflex adjusts the amount of light reaching the retina. Recent work suggests that the brainstem pupillary light reflex pathway is controlled by the environment's internal models derived from higher-order temporal statistics. This finding has implications at the behavioral and neural levels.