Pembrolizumab in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer With High Tumor Mutational Burden: Results From the Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry (TAPUR) Study.

Purpose: The TAPUR Study is a phase II basket trial that aims to identify signals of antitumor activity of commercially available targeted agents in patients with advanced cancers harboring genomic alterations known to be drug targets. Results in a cohort of patients with metastatic breast cancer (mBC) with high tumor mutational burden (HTMB) treated with pembrolizumab are reported.

Methods: Patients with advanced mBC received standard doses of either 2 mg/kg or 200 mg infusions of pembrolizumab every 3 weeks.

Chronic exposure to air pollution and risk of mental health disorders complicating pregnancy.

Background: Air pollution is associated with mental health in the general population, but its influence on maternal mental health during pregnancy has not been assessed.

Objective: We evaluated the relationship between unspecified mental disorders complicating pregnancy and depression with average air pollution exposure during 3-months preconception, first trimester and whole pregnancy.

Methods: Ambient air pollution was derived from a modified Community Multiscale Air Quality model and mental health diagnoses were based on electronic intrapartum medical records.

Injuries, Violence, and Bullying Among Middle School Students in Oman.

Objectives: Injuries account for a substantial proportion of the burden of disease in adolescents globally. This paper describes injury rates and associated exposures, and risk behaviors in Oman's 2010 Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS).

Methods: This study used complex samples analysis to examine nationally-representative data from 1 606 students in grades eight, nine, and 10 who participated in the 2010 Oman GSHS.

Hygiene and mental health among middle school students in India and 11 other countries.

The Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) collects data from early adolescents who are approximately 13-15 years old and enrolled in middle schools (also known as junior secondary schools). We used logistic regression models to examine the associations between self-reported hygiene practices and mental health status as assessed by the 2007 India GSHS. Then, we used meta-analysis to compare the results from India with those from 11 other GSHS-participating countries in Asia and Africa (Djibouti, Indonesia, Jordan, Kenya, Lebanon, Myanmar, the Philippines, Tanzania, Thailand, Uganda, and the United Arab Emirates).

Child bed net use before, during, and after a bed net distribution campaign in Bo, Sierra Leone.

Background: This analysis examined how the proportion of children less than 5-years-old who slept under a bed net the previous night changed during and after a national long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) distribution campaign in Sierra Leone in November-December 2010.

Methods: A citywide cross-sectional study in 2010-2011 interviewed the caregivers of more than 3000 under-five children from across urban Bo, Sierra Leone. Chi squared tests were used to assess change in use rates over time, and multivariate regression models were used to examine the factors associated with bed net use.

Attitudes toward home-based malaria testing in rural and urban Sierra Leone.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine malaria testing practices and preferences in Bo, Sierra Leone, and to ascertain interest in and willingness to take a home-based rapid diagnostic test administered by a community health volunteer (CHV) or a trained family member rather than travelling to a clinical facility for laboratory-based testing.

Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional survey of 667 randomly-sampled rural households and 157 urban households was conducted in December 2013 and January 2014.

Results: Among rural residents, 69% preferred a self/family- or CHV-conducted home-based malaria test and 20% preferred a laboratory-based test (with others indicating no preference).

Herbs and herbal combinations used to treat suspected malaria in Bo, Sierra Leone.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Most adults in West Africa treat acute febrile illnesses with local herbs, but the patterns of herbs used for malaria have not been recently described in Sierra Leone.

Materials And Methods: We used a population-based cross-sectional approach to interview 810 randomly-sampled rural and urban adult residents of Bo, Sierra Leone, in December 2013 and January 2014 about their use of herbal remedies when they suspect they have malaria.

Results: In total, 55% of the participants reported taking one or more of seven herbs to treat symptoms of malaria.

Cadmium and Reproductive Health in Women: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiologic Evidence.

An evolving body of evidence supports that cadmium, a non-essential heavy metal, may be associated with multiple adverse women's reproductive health outcomes. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review of epidemiologic studies that evaluated cadmium exposure and the following reproductive health outcomes: puberty/menarche, fertility, time to pregnancy, pregnancy loss, preeclampsia, endometriosis, uterine leiomyoma, and menopause. Twenty-two studies were identified based upon our search criteria.